The Great Industrial Ming Dynasty Started from Beiping

Chapter 208
Tomorrow is the day to travel.

In the evening, however, a strong wind began to blow, and the strong wind did not stop until dawn, and then it began to drizzle again.

The scene in the sky was very gray. When Zhu Gaochi was on the steps and opened the curtain to look out the window, he saw the glazed tiles leaving crystals in the drizzle.

"It seems that today will be canceled." Zhu Gaochi understood.

"Let someone go and notify the families, there is no need to rush here, and..." Zhu Gaochi pondered for a moment, and then said, "Send the few jade hairpins I got a few days ago to my sisters in the house."

The maidservant with big eyes blinked, and when Zhu Gaochi finished speaking, she led the people to rummage in the box, and then walked towards the harem with the wooden box in hand.

Zhu Gaochi estimated that the rain would last for a long time, so he gave up the idea of ​​going to the headquarters and went to his study.

All the official documents were sent to the headquarters, and there was no official document for Zhu Di's approval from the Changshi Mansion, and he took leave of absence from the school yesterday.

All of a sudden idle, some uncomfortable.

From the thick official documents, I took out one at random to look at it, put it down, and then pulled out again, until I reached the regulations from Shaanxi.

In Shaanxi and Shanxi, the influence of the palace is playing a smaller and smaller role. On the contrary, through the chamber of commerce, the merchants have played a big role.

Negotiated with the Shaanxi government about the tax exemption of honeycomb briquettes as firewood for people's livelihood projects, and finally got a unified, mainly from businessmen.

Driven by interests, businessmen can take more initiative and use their own advantages, which actually surpasses the influence of China Heavy Industry in other places.

The smooth development of China Heavy Industry in Beiping gave Zhu Gaochi some inclinations, but the incidents in Shanxi and Shaanxi touched Zhu Gaochi again.

soon.

Zhu Gaochi studied the ink himself, spread out the draft, and began to sort out his thoughts on this matter.

I couldn't start for a while, thought for a while, and decided to start from the beginning, sort out the clues, so as to find a way.

"The Industrial Revolution has changed the mode of social production. After hundreds of years of development, it not only summarizes the technology, but also summarizes the new methods."

Peking - Daning.

Peking - Kaiping.

Peking - Shanxi.

Peking - Shaanxi.

Beiping - Jinzhou.

Zhu Gaochi drew a few sketches and fell into deep thought.

"Incentive Compatibility", "Conflict of Interest", "Extraction System"...

What is the difference between developing countries and developed countries.

Is it a lack of factories?

Is the introduction of intensive enterprises and the introduction of large capital considered industrialization?
Many people understand the success of the Chinese model to be in this way, because after the opening up, the intensive enterprises and factories introduced from abroad, as well as the entry into the WTO system, have successfully industrialized.

But is it so?

So many developing countries have a more lenient external environment than China and joined the WTO earlier, so why are they still not industrialized?

"If you want Ming to learn from the Chinese model and replicate the process of economic take-off, then you must examine economic development under the political and economic framework of "Without the active participation of the state, the economy cannot develop."

"So without considering the Chinese model, what does the British industrial revolution look like, and is it suitable for reference."

Zhu Gaochi put down his pen, his brows darkened.

wrong.

Regardless of the model, the real "political economy of development" question is how the government should participate, not whether the government should participate.

Even in the United States and Europe in later generations, the government did not withdraw from the national economy, but its main role has changed.

Pay more attention to the redistribution of income, or solve the problem of how to divide the economic pie.

As for developing countries, what needs to be paid attention to is to make the cake bigger by creating market elements, including social order, social trust, infrastructure and business networks.

Let the poor have the motivation, opportunities, tools, and organization to create cakes.

Therefore, the earlier the economy develops, the more difficult it is to define the boundary between the government and the market, because the definition of the so-called "public goods" itself is difficult to define in the early stages of development.

For example, the market and many trading activities with "externalities" are themselves basic public goods.

"Then what about Daming?"

Zhu Gaochi murmured.

The victories of the merchants in the provinces made him doubt whether to continue to follow the steps or adjust the direction.

Crossing the river by feeling the stones, Zhu Gaochi finally understood the pain.

"What kind of model is Daming?"

Zhu Gaochi picked up the pen and thought about Daming.

"The model of the Ming Dynasty, the imperial court still belongs to the traditional tool of controlling violence and providing social order."

"Daming is like a developing country, lacking the tools to eliminate or overcome market failures, address the absence of markets, and the absence of market creators, and powerful social forces."

"Daming is a highly self-sufficient agricultural society."

After analyzing Daming, Zhu Gaochi looked for a new method.

The small yellow door outside saw the little prince's behavior at the desk, so he didn't dare to come in and disturb him, the tea beside the desk soon became cold.

Zhu Gaochi picked it up and took a sip. Seeing this, Xiao Huangmen hurried in, holding a teapot, and exchanged a cup of hot tea for Zhu Gaochi.

Xiao Huangmen left quietly, but Zhu Gaochi ignored him.

The problem I thought about just now is not only a problem of Ming Dynasty. Many countries in later generations are still unable to enter the industrial country under the background of the new era.

A unified domestic market for goods, labor, and finance cannot arise naturally in a subsistence agricultural society.

Not always because of the vested interests of "extractive" governments, but because of the enormous social coordination costs and investments faced in establishing these markets.

Western countries were able to enter the industrial revolution smoothly because a huge business class was born in the West, and this force overcame the cost of social coordination and investment.

Therefore, when studying the industrial revolution in the West, the power of merchants is an unavoidable direction.

Start here.

Therefore, many people have come to some conclusions, believing that the power of merchants must be released in order to enter the industrial revolution.

Really right?

Businessmen pursue profits, and under the competition model, the working class is exploited until the qualitative leap of productivity gives the working class a certain guarantee.

But before this era, the working class was very painful and suffering.

Therefore, the working class is the most powerful force, because the same suffering requires only one slogan, and workers are willing to give their lives to fight for it.

After this era, although they were also exploited, the workers lost the spirit of struggle because they had a certain degree of security in their lives.

"Is it necessary to use the merchant class to enter industrialization?"

Looking at the charter from Shaanxi in his hand, the coal industry above persuaded the Qin Palace to agree to the development of Shaanxi coal by the coal industry association.

The advantages of the merchant class are very obvious. Combined with the British Industrial Revolution model, Zhu Gaochi was born with self-doubt.

Whether it is time to change the model of China Heavy Industry Co., Ltd.

To change, or not to change.

Zhu Gaochi got up and walked around the desk twice.

If it is changed, the situation of the workers of China Heavy Industry will change. If it is not changed, whether the current model of China Heavy Industry is superior to the business class.

Is there any reference object.

Zhu Gaochi frowned, took a long breath, walked back to the desk quickly, picked up the pen again, and wrote two words on the paper.

"Russia."

Russia is a serf country and lacks a strong commercial class. Faced with this problem, the solution is to solve it through the will of the state and the help of the government.

Zhu Gaochi sorted out the knowledge of his previous life and the experience of these years, and his thinking suddenly broadened a lot.

I suddenly figured out the bottleneck problem I encountered recently.

Relying on a few factories, intensive enterprises, or large group companies will not bring about real industrialization.

Many people in later generations said that with the help of foreign capital, China entered the WTO system, so it successfully industrialized.

This erroneous view is a erroneous idea born on the basis of the British Industrial Revolution model.

Many countries joined the WTO earlier than China and have a more lenient external environment, but they have not successfully industrialized like China.

"It is necessary to guide social morality, but also to promote officials to learn from the businessman's style of 'seeking profit' to act."

Zhu Gaochi thought of the answer to the general design.

Yes.

The chief designer has already given the method.

"There are 700 million people in China who are [-] or [-] years old and need employment every year."

"How to do?"

"We have found a way, which is to develop the township enterprise economy. In the rural reform, the biggest harvest we did not expect at all is the development of township enterprises."

"Suddenly, a variety of industries, commodity economy, and various small businesses emerged suddenly. This is not the achievement of our central government."

"The growth rate of township and village enterprises is around 20.00% every year, which has lasted for several years, and it is still the same until now."

"The development of township enterprises has solved the problem of the way out for 50.00% of the rural surplus labor force."

"The policy has worked so well that we know we're doing a good job."

……

Zhu Gaochi frowned, and a smile appeared on the corner of his mouth.

"How to liberate [-] people from the land and [-] people is always a big problem, and it is difficult for China Heavy Industry to continue."

"It is necessary to give full play to the role of the guard. The guard must not only have military functions, but also take into account the function of economic development."

"Collecting the power of firewood and developing together can achieve the strongest effect in the shortest time and form a virtuous circle."

Need a pilot.

Zhu Gaochi thought so.

Get up again and walk to the map hanging on the wall, Yanshan Sanwei is the most obedient, but it is not suitable.

To develop the economy, the combat effectiveness of the army must be guaranteed.

The Mizhou Guard and the Daning Guards are also inappropriate, as they are too remote and lack economic capacity to play a role.

Golden State Guard is also not suitable.

Hanging alone overseas, it can't drive the surrounding area, and Jinzhou Wei, as his "killer mace", has another reuse.

"So is it inside or outside the city?"

Looking at Tongzhou Wei, Jizhou Wei, Pengcheng Wei, Jezhou Wei, etc., Zhu Gaochi looked around, hoping to find the most suitable place.

(End of this chapter)