sultan's crescent

Chapter 24 first move
In fact, Mamluk is a rather old term.

The group of people who made up the Mamluks were originally slaves, and they first appeared in the "Turkic Gulam" system during the Abbasid Dynasty.

Although most of them were Turks, they also included Greeks, Egyptians, Caucasians, Slavs, etc.

Most of the Mamluks came from the Caucasus and northern Black Sea non-Muslim youths who were captured by non-Muslims. Some were captured by slave traders and sold to the Middle East, where they were then organized into mercenaries by the Caliphs and Sudans.

And others are some tribes from the east, who were favored by the caliph and the sultan and became their mercenaries.

The most famous of these peoples were the Turks who were expelled from the desert by an East Asian empire.

By the way, the current Ottoman Sultan can also be said to be Turkic, although his blood is not pure.

The real characterization of Mamluks was completed in the late Saladin period. During Saladin's rule in Egypt, he reformed the original slave guard system of the Arab Empire to a considerable extent.

In order to stabilize his family rule, Saladin abandoned the original Gulam selection system, no longer slave soldiers mixed with free civilian mercenaries, but completely selected strong men from private slaves for military training, and then uniformly distributed Equipment, and thus gradually formed a unique military aristocratic group.

Rather than saying that the Mamluks are real "slaves", it is better to say that they are powerful mercenaries.From the ninth century to the sixteenth century, they gradually took control of Egypt.

In January 1517, the Ottoman Sultan Selim I led the Ottoman army to a decisive battle with the army of the last Sultan of the Mamluk Dynasty, Turman Bey, on the outskirts of Cairo.

But this does not mean the demise of the Mamluk group. As centipedes, the Mamluks are dead but not stiff. Although they can no longer become the Sudan of Egypt, they still form the core of the army and are appointed as government officials.

During the Ottoman occupation, the Mamluks remained an important class in Egypt's political structure and had considerable influence on society.

Even during the decline of the empire, eight of the 23 governors sent by the empire were deposed by the Mamluks.

In the original time and space, taking advantage of Napoleon's defeat of the Mamluks, the new ruler of Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha, massacred the Mamluks.

After this massacre, the power of the Mamluks declined.

As for this era, Selim estimated that the other party would have to die earlier.

While Selim was planning the future of Egypt, Napoleon's army had already arrived in Mansoura, with a total of 5000 soldiers, 2000 personal soldiers from the Janikli family, and [-] new troops. Selim's faction was accompanying him. The new governor, the staunch statist - Haji Ibrahim Pasha, and a bunch of officials who are ready to take over Egypt.

But, the Mamluks didn't care about the arrival of the new governor and the army. After all, it was normal for an Egyptian governor to have so few private soldiers.

They held a banquet as usual, expecting the new governor to give them some surprises.

In March 1789, Ottoman troops arrived in Cairo, Egypt.Haji Pasha specially organized a banquet and invited senior Mamluk generals.

As for why this group of people could be invited, I have to mention Hassan Pasha here.

In 1786, Selim's uncle, Hamid I, sent Admiral Hassan Pasha to lead a fleet to Alexandria to collect the Egyptian tribute that had not been handed in during Ali Bey and Dahab Bey. (These two are typical Malaysian Mulukhists. The former even declared independence from the Ottoman Empire, and colluded with the Arabs and Russians to fight against the soil, and later died in civil strife)

At this time the two Mamluk beys of Egypt, Murad and Ibrahim, attempted to resist Hassan Pasha's army but were defeated.

After Hassan Pasha ruled Egypt, he carried out a series of administrative reforms, restricting the Egyptian Mamluks from trading in the Istanbul slave market, forcing the Mamluks to move to other areas.

But as the Russian Empire expanded its influence in the Caucasus, it greatly reduced the number of slaves in the region, which in turn weakened the Mamluk military power and reimposed social restrictions on Christians and Jews.

Murad and Ibrahim Bey tried several times to expel Hassan Pasha from Egypt, but failed.

The coronation of Selim and the outbreak of the Russo-Turkish war in 1787 caused Hassan Pasha to return to Istanbul, and he handed over control of Egypt to Ismail Bey.

In the original time and space, Ismail controlled Egypt until his death in 1791, and Murad and Ibrahim Bey regained control of Egypt until Napoleon's invasion in 1798.

So, Ismail said, Murad and Ibrahim Bey must be coming.

In the city of Cairo, a group of Egyptian military and political officials were feasting in Ismail's mansion. As for whether the new governor would be detrimental to them, this was not a question for the Mamluks at all.

Even if Selim I (the Grim One) had conquered Egypt, they would still have ruled the place, how would the Ottomans rule without them?
When the banquet was in full swing, Haji Pasha walked to the center of the hall, cleared his throat, and said loudly.

"My dear Bey, it is a great pleasure to be here with you today.

As a loyal subject of the great Ottoman Sultan, I believe that everyone wants to work hard to build a great empire.

But the situation in the empire is not optimistic. Although we won the Russo-Turkish war, this only delayed the collapse of the empire.

Here, I hope to borrow something from you so that I can better promote the revival of the empire. "

At this moment, a Bey named Ayub stood up. He seemed a little drunk, swaying around, and said boldly: "Haji Pasha wants to borrow anything, just say it."

"Then I won't be polite, let me borrow your money from everyone."

Before Haji Pasha finished speaking, he had already pulled out a pistol and shot Ayubbey.

Ayubbei, who hadn't reacted yet, didn't even know how to dodge. His forehead was hit by a bullet, and he fell down slowly.

A group of Mamluks suddenly panicked. The timid ones ran out quickly, while the bold ones rushed towards the new governor, hoping to subdue him to ensure their own safety.

At this moment, a group of well-equipped soldiers poured into the hall. They were the Ottoman army belonging to Napoleon.

Haji Pasha slowly retreated behind the scenes, waiting for the final result.

Under the night, crackling sounds could be heard from the mansion with brilliant lamp walls, and the lights in many places had been extinguished. There were screams in the middle, and a massacre had already begun.

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(End of this chapter)