In the Southern Song Dynasty, I competed with Mongolia for the world

Chapter 514: Everyone has to pay money to the Song people (recommend Der Spiegel’s new book for support)
More than a thousand years ago, the ancient Greeks used copper gears and dials to make timepieces. Isn’t the Song Dynasty now countless times better than it was then?
In the original history, only a few decades later, in 1283, the first mechanical clock driven by weights appeared in the monastery of England.

Within a few years, priests in northern Italy began to build bell towers (or bell towers) with the purpose of reminding people of prayer times.

In 1350, Dante of Italy manufactured the first mechanical striking tower clock with a simple structure, with a daily difference of 15 to 30 minutes, and the indicating mechanism only had an hour hand.

In the Song Dynasty at this time, both the water transport instrument platform and the sundial could completely and accurately display the twenty-four hours a day with almost no error, and they could also point to every hour.

The technology of the Song Dynasty was definitely far ahead of Europe at the same time.

The most obvious of these is the escapement.

In the third year of Yuanhu in the Northern Song Dynasty (1088), Su Song and Han Gonglian made a water transport instrument platform, which already used an escapement mechanism. However, the water transport instrument platform in front of Zhao Yurui was made in the Southern Song Dynasty. The escapement mechanism is more advanced and perfect.

In Europe, it was not until 1500 to 1510 that Henleth of Germany first replaced the weight with a steel spring and created a small mechanical clock with a crown wheel escapement.

After that, everyone was competing with the escapement. The retrograde escapement replaced the crown wheel escapement, and the anchor escapement replaced the retrograde escapement. In 1695, the I-shaped escapement appeared again, and in 1715, the I-shaped escapement appeared. Stationary escapement, and free anchor escapement appeared in 1765. By this time, it was close to the escapement of later generations.

The Northern Song Dynasty was the ancestor and inventor of the escapement.

From the 15th century to the 18th century, Europe was studying and upgrading the escapement mechanism for 300 years, but everyone was doing their own thing. Anyone who was interested could do it, so it took nearly 300 years.

Zhao and Rui explain it in seconds so that everyone can understand.

There is no problem if there is an escapement. The problem is what kind of escapement to use.

As for being accurate to the second, it is a bit difficult now, but Zhao Yurui said that the ball can be made bigger and the water transport instrument platform can be made even bigger.

Is there a ball spinning inside the water transport instrument platform? It takes exactly twenty-four hours to rotate once.

In the Ming Dynasty, Lao Zhu provided bodyguards for his sons. King Zhu Di of Yan relied on bodyguards to start his rebellion. Even though Xiao Zhu transferred Lao Zhu's three bodyguards away before the war started, when Zhu Di joined the army, the original three bodyguards were also They surrendered one after another and soon followed Zhu Di.

"With a clock, if two armies set out at the same time, they can attack at a certain place at the same time at the agreed time in advance."

"Bring a pen." Zhao Yurui said at this time.

Zhao Yurui briefly drew the clocks and watches of later generations. The gears and escapements in the explanation were all originally present in the water transport instrument platform. After adding the clockwork, it will be more vivid.

"First determine the minutes, then be precise to the second."

"Of course, we won't promote the clock until it is released. Once it is made, we will fully promote it."

"There are twenty-four hours in a day, sixty minutes in an hour."

Zhao Yurui and the others can't explain this, and they don't need to. They can directly upgrade to using clockwork.

"We now see that the water transport observatory rotates exactly twenty-four hours a day."

His eldest son, King Zhao Qi of Han, has come to Borneo Province.

The bigger the ball is, the slower it spins. Each line is divided into minutes and seconds, and you can observe the time of day, minutes, and seconds.

"Let's build the clock first, and then simplify the time, and simply call Ziwu Chou and others one, two, three, four——"

“I think it’s relatively simple——”

Zhao Yurui did not give his sons a bodyguard, but gave Zhao Qi 20,000 Song troops, requiring him to conquer the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra within five years, control the Malacca Strait, and even the Indian clay part. Moreover, this army was not considered Zhao Qi's bodyguard, but only Zhao Qi's bodyguard. Give him the fiefdom.

Divided into 86400 lines, one line is one second.

In the Song Dynasty, with the support of Zhao Yurui, the Taishi Bureau and the Science and Technology Department worked together to study and upgrade. It is believed that an advanced escapement will be available in a few years.

"If the time is going to be changed, will it also be extended to the whole country?" Tang Zheng said at this time.

"First use the clockwork and gears to drive it."

This way you can intuitively see the time of day.

This is a regular source of power.

Zhao Qi's fief includes Hanzhou (Fei Lubin), Borneo Province (Brunei and India), Singapore and other Southeast Asian island countries.

In January last year, Zhao Qi, the eldest son of the emperor, was promoted to the title of King of Han and granted a fiefdom of Hanzhou (Feilubin), which alarmed the government and the public.

"For example, it is three o'clock in the afternoon now, and at the same three o'clock tomorrow afternoon, our water transport instrument platform can be divided into 1440 engraved lines, so that every minute can be guaranteed to be on time."

The imperial court wanted to establish the province of Singapore and Malaysia, which would later include Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia (Java).

The actual command power lies in the hands of Meng Ying, the commander of Xinmadu.

After completing this improvement, you can start designing the big clock.

"Sixty seconds a minute."

The earliest clocks relied on heavy hammers and gravity.

"The role of clocks is huge, and everyone will understand it in the future."
-
In the twelfth year of Yuanzhen, Zhao Yurui convened the Science and Technology Department and the Taishi Bureau to start clock research.

"One hour and sixty minutes."

"People can also agree on accurate times when they are doing things outside."

Someone immediately brought a pen, paper and ink.

But Emperor Zhao Yurui also said that after five years, there will be a rotation, that is, a transfer to the vassal.

"That day can be divided into 1440 minutes."

Later, engraved lines will be added on it, and 1440 lines will be added. Each turn to a line represents one minute, and then divided into twenty-four hours.

"A sundial also has twenty-four hours in a day."

Meng Ying is in charge of everyone here.

But before, there were kingdoms here. Zhao Qi went to Hanzhou in April last year, and soon went to Borneo.

Then they waited for the Song army to assemble in Boluo.

It took more than half a year, and by February of the twelfth year of Yuanzhen, a year later, Meng Gong's 20,000 horses also arrived in Borneo Province first.

At this time, there were many Brassung soldiers and horses, and there were ships like clouds every day. Some of them were going to Persia to prepare for the war against Mongolia, and some were going to Xinma Yin.

The Song Army had two important ports in Borneo, one was originally from Brunei, mainly going to Persia, and the later West Kaliman area. Of course, the Song Army now built a Port of West Kaliman, opposite Singapore and east of the Karima Strait.

This port has been built for more than two years. Only after it became operational now did most of the Song army gather here. Because it is close to the Karima Strait, it is generally difficult for ships coming out of the Persian Gulf to find it. The location of this port is very good. You can reach Singapore in three or four days to the west, Palembang in three or four days to the southwest, and you can reach Jakarta in five or six days to the south.

After the Song Navy's navy arrives here, it will be convenient for them to fight wherever they go.

Of course, Zhao Yurui gave Zhao Qi five years, and Zhao Qi came here not to start a war.

The port has been built, but supplies and logistics still need to be improved.

In early March, Zhao Qi came to Poxi Port with the capital commander Meng Ying and the navy commander Mao Cheng (Mao Tong's son).

There were many natives working on construction at the site. They were all local aborigines. They looked similar to, or even worse than, the savages from the Far East.

There are also some people from the original Bo Ni Kingdom who were requisitioned by the Song Army. There are about five to six thousand people working here.

"King of Han, please take a look." Meng Ying explained to him: "A military camp will be built here. The imperial court will probably station a general. Three thousand people will be responsible for the defense of the port and the west of Borneo Province, mainly the navy."

"According to His Majesty's order, after we have prepared the logistics, we will go west first, land in Singapore, and attack the Three Buddhas first. Their main force is in Sumatra. We will ignore Sumatra for now and go north from Singapore to capture the Strait of Malacca-"

Before Meng Ying spoke, someone brought a map and showed it to Zhao Qi.

The most powerful kingdom here is Srivijaya. It rules the area around Malacca and the Sumatra Islands opposite. The capital was originally Palembang, but was later moved to Jambi. Their main source of economy also relies on transit trade. The key point is Selling their spices and specialties.

Because after the arrival of the Song Army, the navy of the Song Army became more powerful and collected taxes everywhere, which has seriously affected the trade of Srivijaya. There were some frictions between the navies of both sides, but Srivijaya still understood each other and did not dare to cause anger. Song Army.

And in order to prevent the Song army, just like in history, the capital was moved from Juhai on the seaside to Jambi.

And to the south of Posi Port, where Inniyagada was later located, it is now called Java Island.

There were originally three countries on the island of Java, Taruna in the west, Haling in the center, and East Java in the east. In the third year of Chunhua, Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty (992), King Muro Cha of East Java sent an envoy to pay tribute and had a deal with the Song Dynasty.

At that time, King Murocha had unified the island of Java, expanded his power to Bali Island, Bolin State, and was at war with the Srivijaya Kingdom on Sumatra Island. But as a result of the East Java-Srivijaya War, the Kingdom of East Java was defeated and King Murocha was killed.

At this time, a man named Ken Alo appeared on the island. He was born into a poor civilian family and was once the most famous bandit in the country. Later, he became the personal servant of the feudal lord in the Dumaban area. He killed his master, married his master's beautiful wife, and became the new feudal lord of Dumaban. Based on this, he raised troops and established the Xinhasali Dynasty.

Now on the Java side, there is the Xinhasali Dynasty.

This dynasty was quite powerful. When it passed to the fourth generation, it was divided into two kings. The Majapahit Kingdom was established in the east. Its national power reached its peak in the early 1292th century. In , not long after the Yuan Dynasty was established, an envoy came to recruit peace. The then king Ketanagala not only refused, but also humiliated the Yuanshi.

Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, was furious and ordered Shi Bi, Yihei Lost, and Gao Xing to lead a navy of a thousand warships, cross the sea from Quanzhou, Fujian Province, and land in Java with a year's worth of rations. They were originally planning to attack Ketanagala. Unexpectedly, Ketanagala had been killed by his subordinates in rebellion.

So the Yuan army and Ketalayasa, the daughter-in-law of Ketanagala, first defeated the rebellious Jayaka.

Then he wanted to recruit Anktalayasa, but Ketalayasa defeated the Yuan army with a backhand.

Zhao Yurui learned from the experience and lessons of the Yuan army.

Kublai Khan sent a thousand warships to bring a year's worth of food. However, after several battles, a large number of warships and food were lost, and he was unable to retreat in the end.

Zhao Yurui cannot learn from Kublai Khan. If you want to carry food for a year, how many ships will you need to carry it?

It is estimated that more than half of Kublai Khan's thousand battleships must be loaded with food.

Moreover, they crossed the sea from Quanzhou, Fujian. With the technology of the Yuan army at that time, the whole journey from Quanzhou to Java was more than 7,000 miles. The Yuan army's ship had no stopping point in the middle. Even if it was the fastest and the wind was right, it would still have to go more than a mile. moon.

It takes three or four months to prepare food for the round trip, and half of the food needs to be used on the journey.

Zhao Yurui has now transferred his army to Borneo Province. It only takes five or six days to reach Java, and the wind is faster.

So Meng Ying’s first step was to stock up on food.

"His Majesty gave us 20,000 troops and horses, but in the end, we only need 6,000 to defeat Srivijaya."

"First sink all their ships at sea, then ride ashore to eliminate them on foot."

"At the same time, we divided six thousand troops to attack the Xinheshali Dynasty. We also defeated their fleet at sea first, and then went ashore to eliminate them."

"We are not very familiar with the terrain of the two places now, and the time on land may last for a while."

Meng Ying believed that both the Srivijaya and Sinhasari dynasties had strong navies and weak infantry, and that when they later fought against the Yuan army, they relied on their navy to repel the Yuan army.

If they let the Yuan army go ashore, they would definitely not be able to defeat the Yuan army. The Yuan army was still at its peak at that time.

The Song army is different. The Song army has fast ships, powerful cannons, and long range. It can completely knock out all the navies of the two countries at sea, and then they can gradually clear them ashore.

When Zhao Qi heard this, he smiled and said: "Father and I have told you that General Meng is very experienced and we will listen to General Meng in all foreign wars."

Zhao Qi is self-aware. He is here to gain merit, and the battle must be left to professionals.

Zhao Yurui repeatedly emphasized to him not to give random orders. You can try to participate in small battles, but you should learn large-scale strategies first.

Meng Ying looked down on Srivijaya and the Xinhasali dynasty a little, and planned to start a war with both sides at the same time. Only 12,000 of the 20,000 troops were dispatched, with 6,000 on each side.

It doesn't sound like much, but it's actually quite a lot.

Kublai Khan brought a thousand ships and tens of thousands of troops here during his expedition, but because he brought a year's worth of food, more than half of the ships had to be filled with food. The Song army did not need to bring so much food, and they were all solid troops.

Not to mention the difference in weapons generation, if Zhao Qi is not here, Meng Ying may only dispatch 3,000 troops per dynasty, and there is no need to use so many.

But he took care of Zhao Qi's emotions and wanted to win over these two dynasties as much as possible, so he sent out six thousand each.

Among them, he mainly plays Srivijaya, and Mao Cheng plays Xinhe Shali.

"When will the troops be mobilized at the earliest?" Zhao Qi asked at this time.

His father gave him five years, and more than a year has passed. The court has been deploying troops, resources, grain and grass, and building ports.

"We'll have to wait another two months or so. The monsoon will be on its way in May. The weather will be hot and the armor on the opposite side will be thin. Our flintlock shots will hurt even more."

"And the Mongolian side has already suspected that we are going to launch troops against Persia. When the time comes, Mongolia will think that we just want to fight Srivijaya."

Zhao Qi nodded, then pointed to the map and asked: "Where is the Malacca Bay?"

"This is it." Meng Ying pointed: "Although this is ruled by the Srivijaya Dynasty, across the strait, their main force is not here. It is dominated by feudal lords and indigenous forces from various places, which are easy to fight."

"This place seems to be really important." Although Zhao Qi doesn't know much about military affairs, he still feels that it is important to see the Strait of Malacca.

"That is, after we control the Persian Gulf, plus Malacca, all ships coming and going in the future must leave, and all have to pay."

"Hahaha." Zhao Qi also laughed.

(End of this chapter)