Starting from blacksmithing, riding and chopping Europe

Chapter 4 Enlightenment in the iron field
The impetuous traveler finally got his feet on the ground and set his sights on the animal-driven machine.

The animal-powered machine has not been eliminated in the steam age, and the 60s in my hometown has also set off a boom.

Such as animal-powered root washing and seedling transplanting machines, 30-horse combined animal-powered harvesters, and animal-powered water wells that use one ton of water and 10 kilograms of grass.

There are also animal-powered trenchers, animal-powered grain seeding machines, animal-powered reciprocating saws, etc.

As an engineering student from Tongliao University of Technology, it is very reasonable to see the drawings.

Vondorf plans to design an animal-powered air hammer.

It is similar to a large treadmill, with an inclined crawler design. There is a shaft under the wooden crawler track, and a large flywheel is installed on the shaft to adjust the speed.

A cow or horse runs on the spot, which is transformed into rotary power, and then this force is transmitted to the wheel by the pulley, and the hammer is lifted to forge the workpiece.

Although the operating efficiency is very limited, the lack of firepower can increase the scale!

There are more than a dozen cows in the family. Let's make them bigger. If one is not enough, we will have two.

Two cows working at the same time can already guarantee a stable output power of more than 1 horsepower.

If it's not enough, three heads are enough. Forging a farm tool or weapon is enough. If it's not enough, there are two horses at home.

It's called: Cattle and Horse Happy Machine!

Feng Daofu has already made plans for his family's livestock.

But it never occurred to him that the animals in the family were not willing to be the master's cattle and horses!
Although Niu has a gentle personality and great strength, his work efficiency is low, and he does everything in a calm manner.

And the cow is just gentle, not really bad-tempered. If you get angry and want to whip the whip, Brother Niu is not used to you, so he just sits on the ground.

Brother Niu is on strike!
Horses work efficiently and have a strong memory, but they will go on strike after a long time of hard work.

And horses are easily frightened, so you need to comfort them all the time, otherwise they will feel insecure.

Then strike.

If you don't take good care of them or make them feel bad for a long time, they may lose weight and work hard, or they may get sick and lose the ability to work.

They are still very emotional, if you don't take them out for a walk for a long time, they will be depressed.

Moreover, depression will spread in the group. Once you get depression, your appetite will drop significantly, you will lose weight and lose your job.

Then strike.

Master Feng Daofu read carefully half the night before he saw the words between the words. There were two words written all over the book: Strike!

Engineering dogs are good at designing machinery, but how do they make animals obedient? There are no old professors from Jie Ni Ma Tongliao University of Technology to teach them!
"It has the adaptability of a donkey, but not the stubborn temper of a donkey; it has the efficiency and strong memory of a horse, but it is not as bad as a horse's endurance; it has the docility and persistence of a cow, but it is not as hypocritical as a cow. Why is there no such thing in nature? Such a perfect animal."

Mr. Vondorff was very sad.

The animal power machine plan was shelved.

Wait until there are enough people to train the livestock before continuing.

The old man became furious: "I must use mechanical blacksmithing today!"

"I can't exploit you guys, so why can't I exploit myself?"

Feng Daofu picked a log and cut it into a wheel shape bit by bit with a knife.

"Use a knife, one hand +1"

"Use a knife, one hand +1"

"One-handed upgrade!"

"Acquisition of specialties - shifting combat skills (one-handed control +20)"

"One-handed Lv1: Specialty - Blocking Combat Skills (One-handed control +20)"

The knife suddenly became more flexible.

Feng Daofu swung it a few times, but the accuracy was indeed improved.

"good."

With the new expertise, coupled with the proficiency in carpentry, Feng Daofu's work efficiency has been greatly improved.

After a while, several small wooden wheels with grooves around them were cut, and a pedal was also made.

With skill upgrades and control +20, the processing accuracy has become that of a skilled worker, which is enough to meet Fondolf's vision.

Feng Daofu took out wrought iron and a small hammer, added fixing parts to the small wheel, stood on the ladder and fixed it on the top of the wooden pile and anvil.

After looking back and forth several times, after confirming that the position was correct, Feng Daofu first chiseled the hole, then used wooden wedges as expansion screws, and hammered a few times to fix the small wheel.

"You built the pulley block, engineering +4"

"Project Lv0 (67%)"

With a little force, it's very firm.

If you use a little more strength, forget it. It's not a heavy object, or a large forging hammer weighing more than ten kilograms. There is no need for a strength test.

Vondorff fixed the pulley block, the sledgehammer was hoisted, and the pedals were placed at the feet.

Looking up and down, there is a slight deviation in the landing point.

Feng Daofu squatted down, adjusted the wooden pile and anvil by pulling and pulling, and took a piece of iron to practice.

"First test run."

Feng Daofu holds a small hammer in his right hand, and holds the iron material with iron pliers in his left hand to adjust its position.

When the hammer is lowered, the body leans forward, exerts force on the sole of the left foot, and presses the pedal to the bottom.

Zizi!

With a slight friction sound, the pulley pulled up the sledgehammer.

Feng Daofu observed it for a while, and was not very satisfied: "It's shaking a bit."

"There is something wrong with the balance of the pulley block."

The processing accuracy of the skilled worker level is enough, but after all, there is no experience, and the details still need to be adjusted.

"You improved the pulley block, engineering +1"

The balance issue is solved.

Feng Daofu raised the hammer, leaned back, and let go of the pedal with his left foot.

Zizi!

The sledgehammer fell along with the gravity, and made a heavy sound of gold and iron!
clang!
"Forging practice, forging +8"

"Forging Lv1 (45%)"

Feng Daofu was so focused that he didn't notice the news.

He felt that the angle was not quite right, so he adjusted it again.

"You improved the pulley block, engineering +1"

This time there is no major problem.

"It's called the Boss Happy Machine!"

"I am very happy!"

A little hammer, a big hammer.

The movement is smooth, and the process is very similar to a pedal sewing machine.

Vondolf also calculated the kinetic energy and found that one knock was about two hundred joules.

Because it is not vertical, there is a certain angle, the vertical axis becomes shorter, and the actual momentum received by the iron material will decrease, which is equivalent to the reduction of forging efficiency.

Feng Daofu suddenly realized something: "If I personally use a long-rod forging hammer, according to the lever increase of the long rod, plus my own strength, the strength of the forging by myself is far more powerful than this simple human-powered air hammer. My invention is also Useless?"

Feng Daofu was stunned for a second.

Then decide that you don't want to think about this complicated problem any more.

He paused the work of the simple manual air hammer and carefully inspected the furnace to see if there was any leakage in the furnace lining, leakage of the furnace, or absorption of residues.

The furnace is in good condition and relatively new overall.

"The blacksmith seemed to have said that he only did the maintenance after the peak season last month."

Feng Daofu looked at it, a little dissatisfied.

He really can't wait to replace it with refractory bricks immediately, and then use the local method of small blast furnaces, and then iteratively start industrial ironmaking.

But the failure of the generator and the animal machine taught Feng Daofu a lesson too deeply.

"There is no kaolin clay now. We will wait until we go to England for free trade next year."

"Now let's keep our feet on the ground."

After checking the stove, Vondorff is ready to burn charcoal.

In modern times, some people cannot even light the charcoal in a barbecue, which shows that making charcoal is a technical job.

The specialty given by forging Lv1 - efficient charcoal burner, the panel text description is charcoal burner efficiency +50%.

As a master of engineering, he thinks that this specialty can be used in wood distillation, and he will build a dry distillation kiln after the stables are set up.

At the same time, the text is transformed into reality, and the one-handed operation +20 given by the one-handed specialty, Feng Daofu can feel that his fingers have become very flexible, or is the forearm muscle and nerve recruitment ability stronger?
In short, the one-handed control +20 of the shifting combat skill is not only suitable for one-handed weapons and tools, but also can be of great use in life.

"There is more value to be developed in expertise."

Thinking of this, Feng Daofu picked up the two-handed ax and placed the thick log on the firewood splitting artifact he invented.

The overall image is similar to a round trash can.

In the middle is a pointed beam. First, lightly tap the wood to fix it on the pointed head, and the log will be firmly fixed and will not move.

The large wooden piers at home also have a similar fixed design. There is a hole in the center of the circle, and the wood can be inserted into it and split, which is very efficient.

But the height is not suitable for Feng Daofu, and the strength of chopping wood is a bit useless, so he invented a firewood artifact with a height that is more suitable for his height.

——Wood piles and anvils also have the problem of unsuitable height. With a sledgehammer, Feng Daofu is obsessed with developing mechanical power for a happy life in the future.

With his body still warm, Feng Daofu simply stretched, maintaining a boxing stance, keeping a good distance, holding a short grip with one hand and holding the bottom with the other.

Kick off the ground, tense your calves and thighs, and bend your knees to straighten your knees.

Tighten the gluteus maximus, turn the hips and twist the waist, coordinate the whole body to exert force, tighten the waist and abdomen during the rotation, send the shoulders out, and use the explosive power and enthusiasm of the human body rotation chain to smash against the log!
"My invention is very useful!"

boom!
click!
A rough log cut in half!
"Kinetic chain training in progress, hands +2"

"Hands Lv0 (63%)"

Splitting firewood is a technical job, and it is difficult for beginners to split even the smallest firewood.

Once you have mastered the skill of exerting force, a one-handed ax that weighs 1 kg can easily split fine wood.

If you are more proficient, you can chop thick wood. Use a 10-jin big ax to smash a small gap along a line of wood, and then continue to smash into this gap until you can smash it to a certain extent.

For a little more force, a two-handed ax weighing more than 20 kilograms was used, and each ax was a piece of thick wood.

Feng Daofu's strength is as high as 11 points, and he uses a two-handed axe!

click!
Vondolf replaced the thick log with a new one, raised the ax again, and exerted force all over his body simultaneously, both to chop wood and to train the power chain.

"Kinetic chain training in progress, hands +2"

"Kinetic chain training in progress, hands +2"

Feng Daofu didn't even breathe a few dozen times.

Feng Daofu casually threw aside a piece of garbage log with knots and chaff. Feng Daofu adjusted it while chopping, and felt the strength of his own muscles.

Most of the real-life strength measurement standards use the weight of pushing, pulling, and squatting to quantify.

Take the deadlift, an action that symbolizes human strength, as an example. This action is the best test for Feng Daofu at present-the deadlift only needs to lift the weight from the height of the calf to the height of the waist.

For an ordinary social animal with a standard body shape and who does not exercise regularly, the deadlift weight is 50kg.

The power on the panel is 11 points. According to the data, it is 110kg. In theory, it is not as good as Iron Slave.

Iron slaves have a low status, but they are stronger than adult Norse warriors. When they act as porters, they can lift two to three hundred catties of heavy objects.

And his strength performance is much stronger than Iron Slave.

It stands to reason that strength comes from a composite unit of nerves + muscles, also known as the resistance capacity of neuromuscular synergy.

But the strength on the panel, Feng Daofu self-feeling is strength = muscle.

The weight remains the same, the greater the strength, the faster the speed, the more resilient the muscles, the stronger the pumping ability of the heart and the oxygen absorption capacity of the lungs, which leads to the improvement of endurance and all-round changes.

It is not so much strength as it is the basic athletic ability of the human body represented by strength, speed, endurance, coordination, flexibility, agility and other athletic qualities.

As for whether it is a speed type or a Hercules type, it is estimated to depend on weight and body shape.

"110kg may be the normal strength, if it is the ultimate strength"

Vondolf found the Epley formula popularized by his roommate who loves powerlifting: "My deadlift limit is 180kg."

"Outrageous."

Strength is calculated based on your own body weight.

Vondolf weighs only 60 kilograms, and his deadlift limit is three times his own body weight.

For many excellent professional powerlifters, their ultimate deadlift is three times their body weight.

Feng Daofu is now facing the age penalty, so he can reach the professional level.

"Weight is the cornerstone, and strength attributes are the amplifiers."

"A normal adult's strength is 5, and he can lift a weight equal to his own weight."

"Through training, if you become an amateur veteran who can pull twice your body weight, your strength attributes will also improve. It's quite reasonable."

click!
"Upgrade your hands!"

"Acquire expertise-powerful control (two-handed control +20)"

"Hands Lv1: Specialty - Powerful Control (Two Hands Control +20)"

Feng Daofu felt that the control accuracy of the two-handed ax was much higher.

He replaced the log with a new one and drew a line in the middle, following the grain of the wood.

Feng Daofu raised his two-handed axe.

click!
"Kinetic chain training in progress, hands +2"

The ax hits the center line accurately!
Feng Daofu exhaled foul breath: "Now you don't have to worry about not being able to control the forging hammer with both hands."

Gollum~
After working for so long, I am a little hungry.

Fondorf went back to the house and ate something.

As the food entered his stomach, Feng Daofu felt the soreness in his muscles gradually subside.

Abnormally fast.

Feng Daofu clapped his hands, knowing that the greedy trait was at work.

The gluttonous trait makes him born with a very high metabolic rate. With the same height and weight, he eats more and becomes hungry faster. If he doesn't eat a meal, he will become hungry.

In ancient times when productivity was backward, this meant that survivability was reduced, and players were eliminated first due to famine, so gluttony was a negative trait.

But on the other hand, if you can eat a full stomach, the body's high metabolic rate can become a positive BUFF.

Because this means that the muscles can supply more energy, the training can bear several times the intensity of ordinary people, and at the same time, the recovery is faster when tired, and the wound heals faster, which is equivalent to a great improvement in the training effect.

It is equivalent to a bonus of 'muscle endurance +50%, training feedback +100%, recovery speed +200%'.

And reflected on the panel, there is also a bonus of strength +1 and vitality +10 when staying full for a week.

Feng Daofu's full stomach has long been permanent.

As long as he has a full stomach, relying on his high metabolism talent, even with the same level of strength, he can do three by himself!

Rest for a while when you are tired, blink and squint, and then wipe your eyes and face with a wet towel dipped in cold water, as if you have shaken off all the fatigue from the first half of the day, like a clock that has been wound up one turn after another .

Feng Daofu continued to work energetically, preparing the tools, materials and quenching barrels.

Considering the difficulty and the need for agricultural tools, he planned to use oil quenching.

The oil quenching temperature drops slowly and is relatively gentle.

Water can only be boiled to about 100 degrees, so water is equivalent to a very cold thing for a high temperature of seven or eight hundred degrees.

If the thermal expansion and contraction are stimulated too violently and exceed the upper limit of tolerance, accidents may easily occur.

Just like when Niu Niu was getting hot, Niu Niu's mother suddenly opened the door. The stimulation was too strong, the cold contraction was violent, and the upper limit was exceeded and it exploded on the spot.

Water quenching is a test of operation.

The operation is good and the toughness and strength are both good. If the operation is not good and the switching point is not grasped, the ice will be broken.

Although it is possible to add salt to reduce the boiling point of water and adjust the specific heat of water, the required technology and experience are too high, and there is a saying that novice oil, master water.

In some cases, it is just a farm tool, and Feng Daofu chooses oil quenching, which can also prevent metal oxidation. After all, there is a small amount of oxygen in the water.

Putting on his hard leather boots and wearing an animal skin protective clothing that looked like an apron, Vondolf completed the protective work and began to heat the stove.

call!
A leather blower blows in oxygen.

While waiting for the temperature of the furnace to rise, Feng Daofu stepped on the blower with his foot and took apart Surrey's long-handled sickle with his hands.

The long handle was put aside, and the surface of the sickle part was cleaned. Feng Daofu observed that the material was wrought iron.

“I thought it would be cast iron and decarburized steel, but wrought iron is also expected.”

After all, it is just an ironmaking process.

The difference between pig iron, wrought iron, and steel lies in the carbon content.

Iron with a carbon content of more than 2% is called pig iron, iron with less than 0.05% is called wrought iron, and iron with a carbon content between 0.05% and 2% is called steel.

Playing with steel is playing with carbon.

A slight difference of one thousandth can make a huge difference in the metallic properties of steel.

Feng Daofu thought of improving the long-handled sickle into a samarium knife, which can reach six or seven times the efficiency of a small sickle. Wrought iron can be forged, extended and quenched, but pig iron cannot, and it is easy to strengthen and become fragments.

"But pig iron smelting technology also has advantages."

Feng Daofu looked at the open low furnace, no matter how he looked at it, he hated it.

If the furnace is five to six meters or seven to eight meters high, it can produce one or two tons of pig iron a day. The output advantage is obvious and the efficiency is relatively high. The residual iron in the slag is about 3% to 6%. In comparison, The iron content in the slag of the lower ironmaking method is as high as 70% to 80%.

The history of metallurgy in the world has written that block iron smelting is suitable for wrought iron that is commonly used directly. It saves fuel, has a low threshold and saves money. It is suitable for small-scale operations such as a blacksmith shop and carried out by a few people.

Pig iron smelting technology has high output, but it requires more than a dozen people to operate a furnace. In addition to the manpower required for smelting and processing, the operation of a furnace requires dozens of people. The consumption of manpower and material resources is also relatively large, and it is more suitable for large-scale Industrialization and industrialized production.

Feng Daofu didn't have so many people, so he had to make do with it first.

Anyway, here are all high-quality iron ore, with high quality and few impurities.

The raw materials are good and the tools are not a big problem.

The iron ore grade exceeds 50%, and the original clay furnace can smelt iron in one piece.

But having said that, if the iron ore is of high quality, it is actually more conducive to blast furnace technology, which can reduce the coke ratio of the blast furnace and increase output. On average, the grade increases by 1%, the coke ratio decreases by 2%, and the output increases by 3%.

Feng Daofu forcibly stopped the thought of tossing, and when the furnace temperature was about the same, he put the sickle in to heat it.

Staring at the color change on the surface of the sickle, he muttered knowledge points: "Material selection, cutting, forging, shaping, sharpening, quenching, annealing, grinding, initial forging temperature, final forging temperature."

"The initial forging temperature of low-carbon steel is this, so it's not steel!"

Feng Daofu didn't know much about wrought iron, so he decided to use low-carbon steel as a reference.

The initial forging temperature of low carbon steel is generally 1100℃~1200℃

The temperature of this kind of medieval iron-making furnace cannot exceed 1300°C even if it is stretched to death, but there is no need to worry too much about overheating.

"The advantages that can only be squeezed out."

"When I have time in the future, I must redesign the air duct."

The core reason why medieval furnaces could not increase their temperature was that there was only one air inlet, only 1 or 1 blast bladders were used, and there was not enough oxygen.

In the Qin Dynasty, the hometown had been upgraded to four air blast chambers, which not only can make the oxygen in the furnace more uniform and burn more fully, but also can increase the temperature.

The first step in updating the technology is to develop two channels for this low furnace, which can blow air with four threads, turning it into black, white, black, and black. Then, it is to build a regenerator.

Now the furnace temperature is at most 1200°C, which is barely enough. It is more than enough to make a sword. If you work harder, you can forge hundreds of steels, but the efficiency is lower at best.

This is the first real forging since time travel, and the wrought iron is used, which is different from low carbon steel.

Feng Daofu intends to be on the safe side, lower the initial forging temperature, and start forging at 1100°C.

The final forging temperature of carbon steel is about 800°C. To be conservative, put it into the furnace for reheating at 850°C.

At room temperature, the time consumed for natural cooling to 250°C will definitely be much less than that at 400°C. The time left for Vondorff to forge after one heating is reduced, and the production efficiency is reduced.

With limited experience, technology and conditions, I can only accept it for now.

A slower one is better than failure to strengthen, and a short one is also very cute.

Feng Daofu judged the color of the fire, watching the color gradually turn from dark red to red, and the brightness gradually increased.

The color of the fire is different at different temperatures, so you have to rely on your eyesight and experience without an instrument.

"Now I understand why blacksmiths like to strike in the dark."

Feng Daofu said: "The color can be seen accurately at night, and it can also be heated by the furnace temperature at night."

His reconnaissance specialty - Night Walker also improves night vision by 30%, making his vision more accurate.

When the color of the sickle reached the light yellow color that symbolizes 1100°C, Feng Daofu used iron pliers to clamp the sickle to the wooden stake and anvil.

Hold a small hammer in your right hand, iron pliers in your left hand, step on the pedal with your left foot to control the sledgehammer, and keep your eyes on the iron material to prevent it from cracking.

clang!
clang!
clang!
It was flying up and down, with only one right leg left in the busy limbs. The scene looked like Tom Cat.

If the control of both hands had not been greatly increased, there would be no conditions for difficult operations.

Feng Daofu tossing himself like this is not without benefits.

clang!
"Forging with high difficulty for 10 minutes, forging +10"

clang!
"Forging with high difficulty for 10 minutes, forging +10"

Feng Daofu himself has a very high engineering talent, and the panel gave him a 300% forging learning multiplier.

When superimposed, Feng Daofu's blacksmithing talent is directly maxed out.

After a while, the experience slot was filled.

"Forging upgrade!"

"Acquire Specialty - Steelmaker (Steelmaking Efficiency +50%)"

"Forging Level 2: Specialty - Steel Maker (Steel Making Efficiency +50%)"

Feng Daofu was so focused that he was completely unaware of the news, but the bonus had already been implemented on him.

clang!
The sparks flying with every forging move were like elves, dancing around Feng Daofu with laughter.

The red-hot sickle seemed to be breathing, and with every moment of contact with the forging hammer, it was telling Feng Daofu how to better train himself.

Vondorf was completely selfless.

On the edge of the anvil first, smooth the part near the handle but not the edge.

Knock it once, and the blade surface will bulge.

Turn it over to the other side and flatten it against the edge of the anvil.

Beating repeatedly in this way, using right-angled lines to knock out a centrally symmetrical blade surface.

Then use this centrally symmetrical blade surface as a reference, start from the tip of the knife, and knock the blade shape all the way to the handle.
Feng Daofu suddenly thought: Can you start from the handle of the blade and strike from bottom to top?

His instinct was not good.

The centrally symmetrical blade surface is at the blade handle. From here it is easy to knock the newly made symmetry line askew.

The tip of the knife is the farthest point and is not easily affected, so it is best to start from the tip of the knife.

Feng Daofu, I understand!

"Iron Field Enlightenment, Blacksmithing +50!"

Cool, put it in the stove to simmer red, forge the blade surface and knife shape, and flatten the non-blade surface.
Vondorf kept the sickle or samarium knife almost finished.

If the beating is good, there is no need to grind too carefully. After heat treatment, there is no need to use grinding equipment or a belt machine, and only a file can be used to complete the sharpening, which greatly saves the workload.

"Prepare for quenching."

Heat treatment is very critical. Through the combination of quenching and tempering at different temperatures, the strength, toughness, and fatigue strength of the metal can be greatly improved. It is also one of the core experiences and technologies of ancient blacksmiths.

There are no conditions now, but that doesn't mean that Feng Daofu can't do anything.

Feng Daofu used iron tongs to pull out the burnt orange samarium knife, and shook it in the air, and took out the magnet with his left hand.

The electrical program failed, but there were some gains.

Vondolf placed the piece of magnetized cast iron on it and used the magnet to determine the appropriate quenching temperature.

In low carbon steel metal materials, the austenite structure only exists in the high temperature range above 727°C. This range is the perfect quenching timing.

And because when the Curie temperature reaches 770°C, paramagnetism will also be generated. In this range of 727°C~770°C, only the timing of 43°C needs to be controlled just right.

It is difficult, but it is more accurate and objective than relying on naked eyes and experience.

In a state of high concentration, the flames reflected in Feng Daofu's pupils seemed to come alive, as if seeing the microscopic metallographic world.

1 second. 2 seconds.
Nourishing~
The burnt cherry red sickle exudes just the right amount of magnetism!

"It's this moment!"

Feng Daofu suddenly put the samarium knife into the oil quenching barrel!
Zizi!

"Iron Field Enlightenment, Blacksmithing +50!"

"Forging upgrade!"

　Mystery novels have a taboo of knowledge traps.

　　The knowledge trap means that when you know more things, in order to pursue correctness, you will do too much science popularization, but it will affect the perception of reading, and you will lose your book bag as you write.

　　I reflected on it, tried my best to exercise restraint, and simplified the content. I only added more words to the key links, hoping that the reading experience would be better.

　　
　
(End of this chapter)