Start 1861: I just inherited the Dutch throne

Chapter 849: When Bismarck’s backers are both called reminders

European Jews have played an extremely prominent role in modern history.So much so that their stories have become the subject of all kinds of myths and misunderstandings, with some admiring them and others with overwhelming hostility.

The main line of Jewish history is clear. The only major country that provided a safe habitat for the Jews in the last century was the great power of Poland. After the division of Lithuania, three new situations related to each other emerged.

First, the Jews began a new era of great immigration.

Secondly, Jews obtained citizenship rights in most European countries.

Finally, Jews are increasingly breaking free from the various traditional constraints imposed by the Jewish community.

After Poland was partitioned by the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Kingdom of Austria in 1773, a wave of Jewish immigrants began to appear.

Jews in Poznan, Danzig and other areas of western Poland found themselves becoming Prussian citizens, able to travel to Berlin, Breslau and other Prussian cities without restrictions.

Galician Poles became Austrian citizens and began to move to other provinces ruled by the Habsburgs, especially Bukovina, Hungary, Bohemia and Moravia, and later to Vienna.

Jews from the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania and eastern Poland became citizens of the Russian Empire, and Russian law stipulated that they must live in Jewish-settled areas.

No, but the law was often broken, and vibrant Jewish communities of various kinds began to form in some large cities, notably St. Petersburg, Sisko, Kiev, and Odessa.

Polish immigrants left the extremely conservative Polish religious community that had become a thing of the past and were influenced by new trends such as the "Ha-ska movement (Jewish Enlightenment)", national assimilation, and secular Jewish politics.

Beginning in the second half of the 19th century, the scale and speed of Jewish immigration accelerated significantly.

To a certain extent, the reason for the immigration wave is the increasing population pressure and the inherent process of modernization and urbanization.

The number of European Jews increased from 1800 million in 200 to 1880 million in 800.

Persecution, especially the fear of persecution, also contributed to Jewish immigration.

During the reign of Alexander II of the Russian Empire (historically, it was 1853-1881, that is, he died in one year), the tsarist government tried to strengthen the laws of the Jewish settlement areas, and a swarm of immigrants followed. , often unable to distinguish the difference between immigrants and refugees. In the end, thousands of Jews had to leave Tsarist Russia forever and went to Western Europe (including the European Netherlands), the Far East Netherlands, and the United States of America in North America.

With the help of more and more European countries, the United States, and the Far East Netherlands, the Jews enjoyed full residency rights in these countries.

France played a leading role in this regard during the European Revolution. On September 1791, 9, the French National Assembly granted citizenship to Jews who swore allegiance. The leader of the National Assembly who proposed this initiative was Gray. Guva God-Father.He believed that equal treatment of Jews was one of the Christian obligations.

During a parliamentary debate, Duke Clement-Tonnale made a famous distinction: "The Jews as a people should be given nothing, but as individuals they should be given everything."

Since then, the legal emancipation of Jews has become a common requirement of European liberalism, and all countries except the Russian Empire have gradually clarified the legal status of Jews.

However, the emancipation of the Jews had two consequences.If the Jews want to be liberated, not only the host country, but also the behavior and attitudes of the Jews themselves must change substantially.Emancipating the Jews meant not only the removal of restrictions imposed on the Jews from without, but also the elimination of the "inner Jewish ghetto" in the Jewish psyche.

In modern times, when people focus on the roots of anti-Semitism, they often overlook the strict racial segregation rules of the Jews themselves.

Sensitive Jews who try to break away from the closed Jewish community cannot abide by the 613 rules of dress, diet, hygiene and belief.

In addition, intermarriage with foreigners is strictly prohibited.

According to the injunctions of Jewish law, Jewish bloodline is calculated based on the maternal line, so Jewish women are carefully guarded.

If a Jewish woman dared to marry a foreigner, her family would disown her.A ceremony will also be held to declare her dead.

It takes great determination to withstand such heavy pressure.

It is therefore not surprising that Jews, once they abandon their religion, often turn to extreme positions such as atheism and other movements such as liberalism.

Melbourne, mainland Australia, Royal Palace of the Netherlands.

"The reason why Bismarck received huge support in Prussia at that time was that he had a certain degree of support. If you look at it in detail, the reason why he received such great support was simply from William I who had just succeeded to the throne in 1871. The support of the Kaiser) and the support of the Juncker aristocratic group, the largest force in Germany, right?”

William IV said to his eldest son, Prince Albert of Australia, the Netherlands, who nodded hurriedly.

William IV followed: "In this case, if we want to deal with Bismarck, we must deal with these two backers behind him."

Prince Albert woke up and asked: "How is Your Majesty planning to deal with them?

William I's status was consolidated, and it was too difficult to overthrow the other party's status as Kaiser.Not to mention the Junker nobles, Prussia's existence is fundamental, and it will fall at any time. "

William IV looked at him accusingly, and then said with a smile: "Where did I say I would attack these two parties?"

Prince Albert suddenly looked at William IV with confusion.

"Didn't His Majesty just want to deal with the two backers behind Bismarck?"

William IV despised the other party and said: "I said deal with them, but I didn't say attack them. It seems you don't understand what I mean."

Seeing the other party's even more puzzled expression, William IV asked: "What is the sport that we invented in the Netherlands and spread to the world in 1865?"

Prince Albert was naturally very familiar with his father during his time in power, so he proudly said: "It is the table tennis (also called billiards) sport that is loved by the Dutch people and has a great response in Europe, which is supported by my father personally."

William IV looked at his 15-year-old eldest son and said: "What do you think is the philosophy of table tennis?"

Prince Albert thought for a moment, and finally gritted his teeth and said: "It's like playing chess, selectively play the ball you like, and then get it to determine the winner or lose."

William IV nodded first, then shook his head and said: "The final words mentioned later are correct, but the first words are more general."

Prince Albert looked at his father expectantly.

William IV followed the teachings and said: "In my opinion, the greatest significance of table tennis is to use the white ball in our hands to hit the points we choose to score the hole. But this is only the only thing. We also need to make the ball go into the hole. Finally, you need to master the strength so that the white ball can reach the ideal position of your next hole-in-the-hole target, and prepare to reserve a position for the next target.”

Looking at the eldest son with a thoughtful look on his face, William IV said: "It's true that Bismarck's backers are them, but you can actually think about it from another angle. Are they not Bismarck's talisman?"

Prince Albert seemed to understand and asked: "What are you going to do, father?"

William IV: "The king, the king, and the ministers are suspicious and harmful to others."

(End of this chapter)