I seek economic hegemony in the Three Kingdoms

Chapter 455 The theory of destiny is political propaganda
In fact, what Li Heng said was based on Rousseau's "Social Contract" theory.

This book is a benchmark for testing who is faster, brain or mouth.

"Social Contract" seems to be talking about a contract, but in fact it is talking about the origin of power between the government and the private sector.

Its popular core view is that people are born free and have power. When people transfer part of their freedom and power to form an organization, the organization will own this part of the power set that people transferred.

In other words, the organization itself does not exist naturally, but appears after people reach a consensus.

When times change, people's ideas change, and new consensus is reached, the structure of the organization will change.

For example, in the Age of Kingdoms, people believed that the king's power was divinely vested, and they should hand over more power to the king.

The king could then execute his subjects at will.

But in the constitutional era, the king disappeared and people transferred less power to form a responsible government.

On a deeper level, even in the Age of Kingdoms, if a king wants to kill a commoner, and the commoner is unwilling to be killed willingly and rises up to resist, then the king's power over him will be invalidated.

Zhuge Liang knows the strengths of hundreds of schools of thought.

But this time, I was still shocked.

It is a model about power relations.

And his brain began to rotate rapidly, extend rapidly, and quickly build a preliminary system model.

Because more other commoners surrendered their power, thinking that the king could execute that commoner.

Assume that other civilians do not recognize the king and are unwilling to give up their power, but take action.

Therefore, from Rousseau's perspective, power is like a contract.

So why in history, civilians were still killed by kings?

So after the king's power to deal with that civilian failed, he used the power given to him by other civilians to violently eliminate that civilian.

You can also deal with me, but that is not the power I give you, but others.

But this was the first time I heard the saying that power comes from the bottom up.

I admit that you only have power over me, otherwise you only have the power transferred by others.

The theory of Rousseau's "Social Contract" is not complicated. With Zhuge Liang's intelligence, he can capture the essence of what Li Heng said in an instant.

Then the king can be renamed Louis XVI.

For Zhuge Liang, who had been in power in Jihan for more than 20 years, this theory simply summarized the power relationship concisely.

Only those who have actually done management and have dealt with the system for a long time can understand this.

Because this set of theories not only overturned Dong Zhongshu's theory of "divine right of kings and induction of heaven and man", but also directly overturned the theory of destiny.

He was very shocked by many of what Li Heng mentioned before.

After I convince others, you will only have your own personal power to deal with me, that is, you can only draw your sword to deal with me personally.

Even more shocking than before.

The so-called "the mysterious bird of destiny descended and gave birth to Shang", the so-called "despite the decline of Zhou's virtue, the destiny has not changed", and "the destiny is in the Han Dynasty" are all the theories of destiny that evolved in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

The key is that with this statement, Zhuge Liang not only did not find any loopholes, but also filled the gaps in his understanding of the process of exerting power.

Zhuge Liang was silent for a while and then said, "Then how does Qin Mo explain it?"

"Qin's laws are harsh and the people do not recognize Qin's laws, so Qin has no right to govern its people."

"But Qin still had a strong army and a complete bureaucracy."

"Because the bureaucracy and the army still recognized Qin. Qin's power was given by the bureaucracy and the army. Qin was able to suppress the uprising because the bureaucracy and the army recognized it. When one day, all the officials deserted and the soldiers abandoned their swords, leaving only Ziying, Qin Lost its deer.”

"Can it be understood that the recognition of the people is the people's support?"

"Yes."

This is the social contract version of the explanation that those who win the hearts of the people win the world. "The approval of soldiers means the morale of the army, and the approval of officials means the hearts of the people in the court?"

"Yes, these are all related to whether the upper level of power can continue to be exerted."

In fact, the theory of destiny metaphysically metabolizes people's hearts and introduces the concept of heaven.

The reason why this concept is introduced is to expand the legitimacy of people's hearts.

To give an example, when Liu Bang entered Guanzhong, the old Qin people in Guanzhong all lined up to welcome him.

This is the people's recognition of him, this is the people's support.

Later, some people defined this matter as the destiny of the Han Dynasty. In fact, it means that the people have recognized Liu Bang. This is not just for the old Qin people in Guanzhong who have recognized Liu Bang.

It was also told to people in other places.

I mean, you should also recognize Liu Bang.

This falls under the category of political science propaganda.

"Then if you want to govern a place, do you still need the consent of the people?"

"Yes, the people's consent is needed. For example, if the Han Dynasty Commercial Tax Law is implemented, the people's consent will be needed."

"Doesn't that mean we have to ask one by one?" Zhuge Liang asked deliberately.

"No need. When it is promulgated, the people have no objections, which means they have acquiesced. When some people have opinions and other people have no objections, the local government can use the power given by the majority of the people who have no objections to implement this policy."

Zhuge Liang nodded. At this point, Li Heng had almost made his power very clear in the most concise language.

This kind of thing has happened in Jihan Chaotang in the past.

When Liu Bei died, power was transferred to Zhuge Liang and Li Yan.

At first, Li Yan could still compete with Zhuge Liang, because some officials did not recognize Zhuge Liang in their hearts.

Later, Li Yan made many mistakes and lost his popularity.

Zhuge Liang was gradually recognized by everyone, so he controlled Ji Han's greatest power.

Objectively speaking, if he really wanted to usurp the throne, it would only be a matter of saying hello.

"In order to confirm that a policy will be accepted by most people after it is implemented, we need to understand the majority of people's views on this policy before implementation."

"If the imperial court closes itself off and promulgates strategies at will, regardless of whether the people approve of it, it will lose the hearts of the people soon like Qin did."

"When you lose the recognition of most people, you are not far from destruction."

Zhuge Liang asked: "How to understand?"

"If you want to understand what people really think, you must ask people, not officials, because officials and people have different demands."

“Different demands lead to different conclusions.”

Zhuge Liang nodded again and said, "Send people to ask one by one?"

"Send local officials to collect it once, and then send officials from the capital to collect it again. Make double backups to ensure that the information is as true as possible."

"As true as possible, does it mean that there may still be fake ones?"

"Yes, there may be falsehoods. We must accept this fact and try to reduce falsehoods as much as possible." Li Heng said, "When we must strictly pursue absolute truth, we will consume a lot of people and time. We There needs to be an acknowledgment that nothing is perfect.”

At this moment, Zhuge Liang had already considered the idea of ​​completely retreating behind the scenes and letting Li Heng serve as prime minister.

Because what Li Heng said about acknowledging and accepting imperfections is a cognition that many people do not have.

Most people's thinking is polarized.

But Li Heng's thinking is very flexible, and he can properly understand the overall situation.

"If such an information exchange network can be established from the capital to the states, the imperial court can quickly collect suggestions from the states."

(End of this chapter)