At the end of Qin, I became a son of the plane

Chapter 317: All contemporary history is past history, the difference between Tao and art
Chenjun, government office.

Xu Fan, Zhang Liang and others sat aside, while dozens of ministers and county officials sat in the conference room. They tried their best to keep their attention away from Xu Fan.

Fortunately, this is the land of Longxing after all, and there are many heroes. Many of them are familiar with the emperor, so they are not as trembling as the Han officials in other counties.

The Xiayang County Magistrate took out several reports and handed them to the county governor Shang Nong and other officials in Chen County: "The track from Chang'an City to Gaoling has paid back, and they have begun planning to build a new track, and I, Chen County The tracks have not yet left the city, and are only used in a few areas such as steel plants and mining industries.

You must know that the track carriage was originally developed by Chenjun. Now we are lagging behind Chang'an City in this aspect. The official proposed to build a track that connects the entire Chenjun county. Let my goods from Chenjun pass through the world. "

But Shang Nong said seriously: "Constructing tracks is not about comparison. If you really hold such an idea, your starting point is wrong."

However, Xia Yang County Magistrate immediately said: "Being lowered to the official position is not about comparison, but the track is more important to our Chen County. We have many industries in Chen County, and these goods need to be sold to the whole world. The establishment of the track is complementary to our Chen County industry. When the track is built, the goods of Chen County can be circulated all over the world at a lower price. Only when the goods of Chen County can be sold, the wealth of Chen County will increase, and the lives of the people of Chen County will become better and better. good."

But the merchant shook his head and said: "My Chen County's finances are also limited, and Chen County has Qin Chi Road and Chasm to connect the whole world. The investment in rail carriages is huge, and it is not the most urgent thing for my Chen County."

The infrastructure built by the First Emperor was also one of the important reasons why Chen County was able to develop so fast. Chen County had a waterway transportation gap connecting the Yellow River and the Huaihe River, which allowed the entire wealthy areas of the Central Plains and the Jianghuai region to resist Chen County by shipping. County and Chen County can also sell their products to the wealthy areas of the Central Plains and Jianghuai through the chasm.

In addition to the convenient waterway, Chen County also has a coastal road connecting the Central Plains, which crosses the entire Wei State and Donghai County. There is also a branch line in the west connecting Nanyang County. It can be said that the most affluent areas in the Han Dynasty are conveniently connected to Chen County. contact.

Only then did merchants and farmers not regard the expensive track as Chen County's top priority. Although Chen County is wealthy, every money has to be spent. There is only a small financial budget every year. The track has a huge impact on transportation capacity, but the cost is also extremely huge. One mile costs 20, which is so huge. Even if Chen County is financially wealthy, it cannot afford the project. Therefore, merchants and farmers flatly refused.

"Prefect, I feel that the track is very profitable. Chang'an City can pay back its capital in one year. With our huge caravan group in Chen County, we can fully pay back our capital in one year." Pang Yuan, the Supervisor of Chen County, said.

Shang Nong denied: "The track of Chang'an City is only more than 100 miles. No one knows whether large-scale construction can make money, but the construction cost is extremely high. Let's wait and see the situation of Chang'an City."

Shang Nong said: "I, the officials of Chen County, have to find ways to improve the business environment in this county. Recently, many merchants have complained to me, saying that when their caravans arrive at a dock, they have to go to the local hills. A hill is not the same." After giving out tens of thousands of dollars in gifts, no one would unload the fleet's cargo, and no one would dare to buy the cargo. Even leaving would be harassed by these people.

Originally, some small caravans could make money by coming to our Chen County, but under the exploitation of these people, they would lose money even if they sold the goods. If there are too many such things, no one would dare to come to our Chen County.

Moreover, these people also control the workers at the dock. If they want to transport goods at the dock, they have to pay them 3% of their income. The people around are filled with resentment. Solving these ranger groups is our top priority in Chen County. "

Xu Fan frowned when he heard this. This was not a gang. When Xu Fan captured Chen County, he killed a group of these people. The rest were recruited by Xu Fan as spies, but he did not expect these people to be so... Appeared soon again.

Xu Fan solemnly said: "It seems that the next targets of my big man's purge are these ranger groups."

Xu Fan's core concept in governing the Han Dynasty is to establish a producer-led country, where producers can obtain most of the fruits of their labor, so that producers can also become consumers, and promote the positive cycle of industrialization.

The Empire on which the Sun Never Sets can have thirty times as many colonies to serve as its market, but with the size of the Han Dynasty it is impossible to take this path. This has been proven in history that this path is unworkable for us.

The productivity of Song and Ming Dynasties has reached the peak of the feudal era, and so-called sprouts have appeared. But even if Song and Ming sucked up all the gold and silver in the world, these so-called sprouts are still sprouts and have not grown into towering trees.

One can be said to be an accident, but it happened twice, which shows that this is an inevitable dead end.

Anyone who prevents producers from obtaining the fruits of their labor is the enemy of the Han Dynasty and needs to be purged.

The way that Xu Fanneng can learn is to establish intra-industrial circulation. Producers who want internal circulation must obtain sufficient wealth to create a market.

However, these rangers do not engage in production, but occupy 30% of the interests of the people. This has offended Xu Fan's rebellious nature.

The imperial court of the Han Dynasty only occupied the three levels of interests of the people, and you also occupied the three levels of interests of the people. I really think your surname is Zhao.

"Your Majesty, my Han Dynasty does not have enough civil servants. Many corner areas are difficult for the court to manage, and they will definitely be occupied by ranger groups. Even if a wave of rangers are cleared at this time, they will quickly reappear."

Unless the imperial court directly takes over these areas, this will require a lot more Han officials. If there are too many Han officials, it will increase the burden on the people of the world. For me, a big guy, this is a waste of time. "

"Instead of purging these rangers, the imperial court should find ways to regulate their behavior and let them know where the imperial court's bottom line is."

Zhang Liang was not surprised by such a thing. He was wanted by the Qin Dynasty back then and met many people from the three religions and nine streams. Naturally, he made friends with many knight-errants and understood that this was where their power and wealth came from.

This is also the biggest conflict of interest between Tyrannical Qin and the Ranger Group. The Six Kingdoms do not have a large Qin official system like Tyrant Qin. They must rely on the dynamic Ranger groups in society to maintain the stability of the lower classes.

So in this world, any place with interests, such as a hilltop, a grass market, or a dock, will attract ranger groups to occupy these interests. On the one hand, they exploit the people, but on the other hand, they also prevent officials from exploiting the people. Resisting the imperial court's oppression of them is also the reason why the most primitive gangs were established.

This was essentially the limit of the feudal court's management, which led to the need to decentralize power, and the three elders, gentry, landlords and other classes appeared in the countryside.

In places with frequent economic activities such as cities, ranger groups naturally occupied this bottom ecological niche. In later generations, huge salt gangs, cao gangs, etc. were also created.

But Bao Qin destroyed the jobs of these rangers and replaced them with Qin officials. Of course, the knights all over the world hated Bao Qin deeply.

Because Zhang Liang had been deeply involved in the ranger group and had seen the cruelty of the lower-level Qin officials, he knew that it was difficult for the court to manage such things, so it was better to find ways to restrain the ranger group.

Can the big Han occupy these so-called grass markets and docks and send Han officials to manage them?

Of course.

But when the imperial court dispatches Han officials, it doesn’t require the merchants to pay tribute?

It is simply impossible. Instead, because they have a much higher status than the merchants, they want more, and the pressure on the merchants is stronger. Rangers are in charge of these docks, and small merchants will only lose money at most. Han officials are in charge of these docks, and I am afraid that many merchants will be in charge of them. No goods can escape.

Otherwise, why would the next generation always say that the development of industrialization is not just about buying some machines, but also about changes in the entire country. In this feudal era where people will die if they move a chair, those rentiers will suck it dry. factory interests.

Xu Fan fell into deep thought after listening to Zhang Liang's words. Which one is more untrustworthy, knights or Han officials? This is a question!
At the same time, what the merchant said made the officials of Chen County frown. The family scandal must not be made public. The emperor was still looking at it. How could he say such words to discredit Chen County. The governor is really not suitable to be an official. If it were not for the support of the emperor, I am afraid that he would not be able to hold the position of governor long ago.

Pang Yuan, the supervisor of Chen County, said: "These people are just annoying fleas. I, the soldiers of Chen County, can suppress them with a backhand."

"Instead, the rail plan is related to the future of our Chen County. Now our Chen County is prosperous. First, it has prosperous industries, and second, it has convenient transportation. These two aspects complement each other and make Chen County prosperous today."

"But now our sugar production in Chen County has also been impacted by the southern counties, and the income has dropped sharply. Although the textile industry is still developing rapidly, other counties are also catching up quickly. Woolen cloth has appeared in the north. This Seed cloth is warmer and thicker, and the raw material of woolen cloth comes from wool, which is readily available in the north. The emergence of these woolen cloths will definitely overstock the market of our Chenjun cloth. "

"There are also steel plants. Nanyang Steel has been eyeing our Chen County Steel. Steel bases have also begun to appear in Guanzhong, Taiyuan, Handan, and fisheries. Each of the pillar industries of our Chen County has strong competitors."

If we want to compete with them, we must sell Chenjun's products to the Central Plains, Jianghuai, and even the Jiangnan region at the lowest price. Convenient transportation may be our strongest competitiveness in Chen County. "

Zhang Liang whispered to Xu Fan: "This Pang Yuan has great foresight, but he didn't expect that Chen County, which is so wealthy, is also in danger."

Xu Fan said: "The prosperity of Chen County now relies on the handicraft industry to improve agriculture and absorb the wealth of the world. Farmers rely on the sky for food. Even in the best farmland, a family only earns 300 shi of food a year. According to Chen County's per shi At a grain price of 28 yen, the annual output of a family of five is less than 9000 yen.”

The Chenjun Iron and Steel Plant has as many as 500 upstream and downstream industrial workers. It can produce 20 million kilograms of pig iron and kilograms of steel a year. The annual output value is million yuan, which is equivalent to the production of farmers. Wealth, one steel worker produces as much wealth as twenty farmers. "

"This is because the imperial court suppressed the profits of the steel industry. If we look at the sugar industry, one sugar worker can produce the equivalent of hundreds of farmers. If we look at the textile industry, one female textile worker can produce the equivalent of ten The wealth of a farmer.”

"This is the ability of industry to create wealth. This is even when there are a large number of competitors. If Chenjun was the only handicraft manufacturing center in the world, Chenjun would be ten times richer than this. The value of wealth that one worker can create, It is dozens or hundreds of times that of ordinary farmers.

This may really catch up with the well-off rule that I want, but the consequence is that the whole world will be exploited by Chen Jun. "

Zhang Liang frowned and thought for a moment, then said, "Your Majesty, is there any difference between wealth and the value of wealth?"

His Majesty always creates many new words, some easy to understand and some very difficult to understand.

Xu Fan said: "When Chenjun first made white sugar, a pound of white sugar was worth ten thousand yuan. Now Chenjun still makes white sugar, but now the sugar is only a hundred yuan. The white sugar is still the same white sugar, but the price difference is hundreds of times."

"The reason for this is that wealth is the labor of workers condensed into goods. For example, if a worker spends 100 yuan of labor to create this product, then the value of the goods is generally 120 yuan, and this 120 yuan is the wealth represented by the goods.

But the value of wealth is different. Goods can satisfy people's certain needs. Just like when sugar first appeared, a worker had to spend 100 yuan to produce a pound of sugar. However, because the quantity was scarce, it could satisfy the value of aristocrats and wealthy businessmen to show off their status. I am willing to spend 1 yuan to buy a pound of sugar.

White sugar is still white sugar. The wealth represented by white sugar is the same as the cost of production, but the value of wealth is multiples of what people in this world are willing to pay.

Zhang Liang suddenly realized: "This is the art of Guanzi back then."

Xu Fan nodded and said: "Absolutely."

Not to mention, there were still many unscientific aspects in the contention of a hundred schools of thought during the Spring and Autumn Period. Laozi and Confucius used experience to summarize the truth and it was still a thing of the past.

But people like Guanzi, Mozi, and even Zhu Yangzhi didn't have the accumulation of their predecessors at all. They became masters as soon as they appeared on the scene. It's fair to say that they are time-travelers.

Because even their successors in later generations could not reach the ideological height of people like Mozi. Their thoughts were like fireworks, lighting up the world and then disappearing quickly.

But history is not a martial arts novel. You can never learn the highest level from a secret book. On the contrary, the real history is that students can stand on the shoulders of their teachers. They can stand higher and see farther, just like Mencius inherited the thoughts of Confucius. Carrying it forward, Xunzi inherited the thoughts of Confucius and Mencius, taking Confucianism one step further and reaching the level of historical materialism.

But among Guanzi, Mozi, Zhu Yang and others, this theorem failed. The books "Guanzi", "Mozi" and "Yangzi" have been passed down for hundreds of years. Their students not only carried it forward, but also went a step further and were able to maintain it. The original high level of thinking and flexible application cannot be achieved.

Guanzi's art was used to deal with the enemies of Qi. But after Guanzi died of illness, the rulers of Qi could only use it to deal with their own people. Qi never became a hegemon again. This is one of the most important reasons. .

Although the Mohist school claimed to have inherited Mozi's thoughts, the Mohist disciples fell short and quickly fell to the level of knight-errants. Even Han Fei wrote an article to ridicule, "Wen uses Confucianism to disrupt the law, and chivalrous people use martial arts to violate the prohibition." For a school of thought, this can really be called a great ridicule.

Who would have thought that Guanzi's ideas two thousand years ago would still be relevant in later generations.

Who would have thought that most of the countries in later generations would use Mozi's thought and Zhu Yang's thought to govern the world. Civilization has matured so early, so it is no wonder that many people in later generations say that everything that happens in the world can be found in Chinese history.

Zhang Liang hesitated and said: "According to your majesty, Qi State had already found its way back then, so why didn't Qi State dominate the world instead of violent Qin?"

Although the State of Qi was the first overlord since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, most of its hundreds of years of history were dominated by soy sauce.

Although he is not strong, he can be ranked among the top three powerful countries in the world. He can even be ranked first in terms of economy. He can always steal the protagonist's role. The first overlord of the Warring States Period, Wei State, was defeated by Qi State. Qi State was strong and prosperous. During this period, he and Qin could be called twin emperors.

Although he is strong, the struggle for hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period was dominated by Jin and Chu. In the Warring States Period, Wei, Qin, Chu, and Zhao competed for hegemony. The Qi State seemed to have become a subplot of the Warring States Period.

Xu Fan recalled the political textbooks he had learned in his mind, and then transformed the language in his mind and said: "Wealth, and the value of wealth are like the relationship between Tao and art."

"The blast furnace in the steel plant could only produce 1 kilograms of pig iron at first. Later, with the advancement of blast furnace technology and the advancement of workers' skills, there were blast furnaces that could produce 2 kilograms of pig iron at a time, and blast furnaces that could produce 5 kilograms of pig iron at a time. The emergence of a blast furnace that can produce 10 jins of iron at a time has now appeared. This is the progress of Tao. These 10 jins of pig iron have added 10 jins of iron wealth to the entire world. "

"And what is the art? A pound of iron was originally sold for 20 yuan per pound, but in order to earn more money for monopoly interests, the Iron Officials were allowed to run. Only the imperial court can sell the iron in the world. Anyone else who dares to sell it will be If it is against the law, the whole family will be arrested and the blast furnace will be demolished. Because there is no competition, if the court wants to sell it for 30 yuan a catty, it will sell it for 30 yuan a catty, and if it wants to sell it for 100 yuan a catty, it will be sold for 100 yuan a catty. "

"Although this approach increased the income of the imperial court, it did not increase the wealth of the entire world. Instead, it transferred the wealth belonging to the people to the hands of the imperial court. Although Qi State obtained Guanzi Avenue, it did not use it, but the art of Guanzi, cruel Exploiting the people of Qi State. The wealth of Qi State did not increase, and the national strength did not increase. Instead, the internal conflicts of Qi State increased because of the use of Guanzi. It is normal for Qi State to decline if there is a great road. "

"On the contrary, it was the Qin Dynasty who spent several years building the Zhengguo Canal before unifying the world, adding 400 million acres of fertile land to the Qin Dynasty, with an output of 6 shi and four dou per acre, and adding more than 2000 million shi of grain to Qin every year. This 2000 million shi of food is real wealth, and it was on this wealth that Bao Qin was able to conquer the world in ten years."

"If the First Emperor, like Qi, used this wealth to raise the price of food in the world, the First Emperor might get a lot of money, but he would not be able to dominate the world."

(End of this chapter)