At the end of Qin, I became a son of the plane

Chapter 322, special operation to purge the rangers, materialist view of history

Although Xu Fan said it was reasonable, it was difficult for Zhou Zhang and the others to accept it. Again, the expenditures of the Han Dynasty court were too great. If Xu Fan had not developed steel textile industry, steel industry, sugar industry, salt industry and other highly profitable industries, The industry supported the finances of the Han Dynasty, and the Han court had already gone bankrupt.

"Wouldn't the emperor hear about the matter of paying tribute and redeeming people?" Zhou Zhang did not dare to take this risk and hinder the development of the textile industry. Not to mention that in his concept, working at sunrise and resting at sunset is a matter of justice. Forcibly raising the moral standards of businessmen will only bring disaster to the world.

Chen Zhui thought for a while and said: "Since Your Majesty wants to make the craftsmen live a good life, and the Prime Minister also wants to ensure the fiscal revenue of the imperial court, why should the textile industry, steel industry, sugar industry, and salt industry be all government-run? Anyway, in the past, the Qin Dynasty was Do this."

But Xu Fan and Zhou Zhang both said at the same time: "Absolutely not."

Zhou Zhang's officialdom does not conform to his political philosophy of governing by doing nothing. If the court was in charge of everything, wouldn't it become an economic policy that violently suppressed the Qin Dynasty? Zhou Zhang believed in professional people doing professional things, and he did not think that Han officials were In terms of business, he can compete with all the merchants in the world. If it were not for the current financial constraints of the imperial court, he would even want to gradually reduce the number of Shaofu workshops.

But Xu Fan saw the decay of government-run factories in later generations. The competition is fierce, and these workshops can still provide profits to the Han Dynasty, but after becoming official, I am afraid that they will all become die-hard bookmakers for the noble children of the Han Dynasty.

Zhang Liang thought for a while and said: "Your Majesty, this is a big matter after all. The court must act with caution. Why not set up a workshop as a pilot for the court. If this workshop can still make profits by implementing the four-hour working system, then slowly The whole big man will spread out, but if it doesn't succeed, my big man's loss will not be too big, and it will not damage the foundation of my big man. "

This is equivalent to each side taking a step back. Xu Fan and Zhou Zhang thought for a while and agreed to Zhang Liang's idea of ​​piloting it.

Chen Zhui thought for a while and said: "Your Majesty, the people in Guanzhong are growing so much food that the price of food has plummeted. However, at the same time, a large number of textile machines in Guanzhong are made of hemp, silk and other raw materials. They can only rely on wool to fill production capacity. The imperial court Why not add 10 acres of mulberry forests and hemp fields to every county in the world? This can not only balance the price of food, but also allow our Han Dynasty's textile workshops to produce more linen and silk, creating more tax revenue for the court. , these reforms will naturally not be a problem.”

Chen Chui felt that the reason why the court had so many conflicts was not because of insufficient money. Wouldn't producing more silk and linen solve this problem? In this era of underdeveloped productivity, cloth can be used directly as money. Therefore, these textile factories in Han Dynasty are, to a certain extent, the money printing machines of this era.

But Shang Nong said angrily: "You Shaofu's words are simply stinking. You, a person who has never farmed before, want to guide thousands of people who have farmed for a lifetime. It is a joke. It will make every county in the world Add an additional 10 acres of mulberry forest and hemp fields. What a big sigh of relief. Do you know what this means?

The Han Dynasty has more than 1500 counties. Each county has 2 acres of fields, which is equivalent to reducing the entire world's million acres of fields. The grain output is reduced by million dan, which is equivalent to the disappearance of food rations for tens of millions of people.

God is unpredictable. This year's harvest in Han Dynasty does not mean that there will be a bumper harvest in Han Dynasty next year. If there is a natural disaster and the world is short of these 2 million shi of food, do you know how many people will starve to death? Can you bear this responsibility? . "

Xu Fan also said: "This matter cannot be done."

Does what Chen Chui said make sense? Of course it makes sense. Increasing cash crops and reducing food production can not only balance supply and demand on both sides, but also increase wealth for the entire world and accelerate the development of the textile industry. It can be said to be a good thing that kills two birds with one stone.

But Xu Fan understood that the big man did not have the organizational power, and the optimal solution strategy could not be implemented.

Chen Chui said in court that by adding 10 acres of economic forest to each county, it might increase to 20 acres of cash crop fields in each county, and it would definitely turn into 40 acres of cash crop fields in the counties.

For the sake of their political achievements, the Han officials will definitely increase their efforts, not to mention that cash crops are inherently more profitable than agricultural production. With the support of these two factors, the crazy Han officials dare to plant cash crops in the entire county.

Under the increasing pressure of Han officials, the food system of the Han Dynasty will inevitably collapse. This is not because Xu Fan can foresee the future, but because he has seen too many such things in later generations.

And the most important thing is that growing food is the choice of the people. Even if the price of food is low, the people will not have any resentment in their hearts. But if the court guides the people to plant cash crops, it will be okay to make money. Hello, I am okay. Hello everyone.

But if they lose, the people's grievances will definitely be vented on the court. If something like a great famine occurs and millions of people become refugees, suffering from hunger and cold, stone men may appear in the Yellow River.

Zhou Zhang even reprimanded: "You, a blacksmith, just work with peace of mind. This is not your professional matter. Why are you making random comments?"

The emperor and prime ministers of the Han Dynasty all reprimanded Chen Chui, and he suddenly did not dare to speak anymore.

But Zhang Liang, Kong Yu and others were relieved.

Judging from the two incidents just now, the emperor and the prime minister have the same governing philosophy. Even if they have a small conflict, it will not affect the direction of the entire Han Dynasty's governing policy. From this aspect, Chen Chui has done something of great merit.

After talking about the four-hour working day, Xu Fan went on to talk about the rangers he encountered in Chen County who exploited the people.

Xu Fan said solemnly: "For the growth of the knight errant group, there must be protection from Han officials behind the scenes. It has been 5 years since the founding of our Han Dynasty. All the prefectures and magistrates in the world have stayed in one place for 5 years. It has been three years since then, and many Han officials have begun to take root in the local area and establish their own hills. This kind of thing is not allowed by the court. "

Then Xu Fan saw Zhou Zhang and said: "The Prime Minister should mobilize Han officials based on their political achievements in these places. Those who have political achievements will be promoted, and those with mediocre political achievements should also be transferred to other counties to prevent them from entrenching themselves in the local areas and building mountains.

The Han officials with poor political performance and obvious faults were transferred back to Chang'an City, removed from their positions, and made them students of the Han Official Academy, allowing them to learn the laws of our Han Dynasty and how to govern locally and serve as officials. "

Finally, Xu Fan looked at Wu Guang and said: "Those who not only don't know how to be an official, but even break laws and disciplines, are lawless and do evil in the local area, Tingwei, leave it to you to deal with them. No one can let go of such a black sheep, even if they The same goes for heroes.

The court has rewarded them for their merits, but they were unable to complete the tasks given to them by the court. They even relied on the rights given to them by the court to do evil and degenerate into corrupt officials like Qin officials. Don't blame me for being unkind. "

Wu Guang said seriously: "I accept your order."

"You will drink from the golden cup together, but you will not forgive me with the white sword."

My words let all the heroes of the Han Dynasty know that they should have awe in their hearts. Only when a person has awe in his heart can he not deviate from the right path. I also encourage you with these words. "

"Nuo" Zhou Zhang and others replied together.

Then Xu Fan looked at Chen Lin and said: "Although this happened in Chen County, I am sure that this kind of thing will not only happen in Chen County in the world."

"Your imperial censor's office will send patrol censors to all nine states in the world to clean up the local ranger forces. Even Chang'an City will not let them go. Anyone who dares to oppress the people, bully the market, collect protection fees, etc. Any behavior will be arrested by the court.”

"But I also want to give you a restriction, the imperial censor. You can only arrest people and not kill people easily. Even if you, the imperial censor, feel that this person is extremely evil and want to kill him, you must report it to the court and let the court deal with it. You can't You killed the wrong person in the local area. If the court finds out, don't blame the court for punishing you. "

It's not that Xu Fan wants to restrict these censors so deeply, but that people in this era don't care about human life too much. They really treat human heads like grass, so he can only use this to restrict them. The investigative capabilities of Han officials in this era were almost equal to their ability to create unjust, false and wrongful convictions.

In the Internet era of later generations, many people take the issue of amnesty in the feudal era as an example. In the feudal era, emperors were superstitious and wanted to amnesty the world when they got married, celebrated their birthdays, and even prayed for blessings when they were sick. How could they do such a stupid thing as letting the prisoners go? Thing, is this an act of praying for blessings?
But have you ever thought that this kind of thing happened throughout the entire feudal history for more than 2000 years. If one person is an idiot, the elites of more than years of feudal history are also idiots?
The officials below who did these things knew that they were unjustly accused.

The high officials and prime ministers of the imperial court also knew that they had been wronged.

Even emperors throughout the ages knew they had been wronged.

Only the people at the bottom don’t know. In fact, the people above know that they have been wronged, and they still keep shouting about it.

But for the prestige of the imperial court and the stability of society, these ordinary people can only be sacrificed.

At the same time, if there is no problem, a general amnesty will be launched to alleviate the conflicts in the world and let the people at the bottom sing praises to the emperor.

Xu Fan did not think that his Han officials would transcend this era. Unjust, false and wrongful convictions were almost inevitable. Historically, Tai Shigong specially compiled a biography of the cruel officials during the Emperor Wu period. The heads of those officials would cost tens of thousands at a time. Here is The blood of innocent people could fill Yun Mengze's body.

Xu Fan didn't want such a thing to happen in the Han Dynasty, so he banned the inspection of censors to kill people. As long as you stay alive, everything can be saved. The Han Dynasty is now governing the world. Most of them are internal conflicts, not conflicts between ourselves and the enemy, and there is no need to do it so violently. Chen Lin nodded and said: "No"

"After these rangers were captured, they were imprisoned in Guangyang County, Shu County, Qianzhong County, and Longxi County. After this year's princes meeting, the princes from all over the country were led to their own territories. Since they dare If you plunder the fruits of the people’s labor, let them pay for their sins by clearing up wasteland for the world.”

"promise!"

Then Xu Fan looked at Zhang Liang and said: "Zifang, last year you formulated the "Rituals of the Princes", and this year you also formulated the "Rituals of the Emperor". When the princes conference is held, they will be officially read to the princes of the world."

Zhang Liang smiled bitterly and said: "No"

This is the most difficult thing in the world. To limit the rights of the emperor, it is okay for the emperor to say it, but how can the ministers dare to do such a thing? Without understanding the emperor's thoughts, although the emperor will not kill himself due to his benevolence and righteousness, but only I'm afraid I'll be demoted back to my hometown.

This "Emperor's Rites" requires more requests for instructions and more reports. It is best to report to the Emperor first, line by line.

Kong Yu and others looked at Zhang Liang with sympathy. Last year at the princes' meeting, Zhang Liang first produced "The Rites of the Princes" and then the "Book of Datong". All the hot spots in the Han Dynasty throughout the year were Zhang Liang, and Zhang Zi's name was even more popular. In the world, it seems that this reputation is not so easy to get now.

On May 3rd, the fifth year of the Han Dynasty, Chang'an City, Yan Palace.

Xu Fan held a small family banquet for Chen Lin, Chen Sheng, Zhang Liang and Qin Bo.

Chen Sheng helped his sister Chen Xiu.

Chen Xiu asked: "Didn't you embarrass your brother-in-law outside?"

Chen Sheng said: "How dare you, little brother?"

Chen Xiu continued to ask: "Did your brother-in-law suffer a lot along the way?"

Chen Sheng said: "The local counties are not as good as Guanzhong. Many places are still very poor. They are the same as our old hometown. How can it be better? I really don't know how my brother-in-law slept among the straw piles. Several times, my younger brother Can't sleep."

Chen Xiudao: "Your brother-in-law can sleep even if he is the emperor, but you can't."

Chen Sheng said disapprovingly: "Brother-in-law wants to be a holy king, but I don't want to be."

Chen Xiu patted him and said, "You also want to be a wise minister."

On the other side, Xu Fan told Chen Lin: "My lord, when you go somewhere, you must protect your personal safety. The local nobles are powerful and lawless. No one knows what they will do. My lord, don't leave the Forbidden Army." Protect."

Something happened when the imperial envoy checked the accounts, which was already ruined by later TV series. Xu Fan didn't want something to happen to his father-in-law.

Chen Lin nodded: "I will pay attention."

Then Xu Fan told Qin Bo about teaching Tian Yang in Chen County.

Said: "The Mohists are also about to carry out reforms. Confucianism represents the interests of the powerful landlords, Taoism represents the interests of the nobility, Legalism represents the interests of the kings, and farmers represent the interests of farmers. Originally, you Mohists should represent the interests of the craftsmen of the world.

But at the beginning, Mozi wanted to reconcile the interests of the people in the name of universal love. Judging from the situation of your Mo family in the past few hundred years, Mozi's ideal failed at the beginning. People in the world have different classes and different interests, and conflicts of interest are simply irreconcilable. In my opinion, you, the Mohist family, should choose your own foundation and strive for the interests of the craftsmen in the world. "

“The Han Dynasty is now developing a lot of industry, and a large number of workshops are being established every day. For each workshop established, there will be one or several workshop owners and dozens or hundreds of craftsmen.

If there are no accidents, the trend in the world will be that the power of craftsmen will become stronger and stronger, and the power of workshop owners will become stronger and stronger. Maybe after a few hundred years, these two forces will become the forces that dominate the world. "

Zhang Liang, however, did not believe it and said: "Your Majesty, I think that the most powerful force in the world is the power of farmers. Both Qin Dynasty and I, the Han Dynasty, relied on the power of farmers to conquer the world, and the number of craftsmen in the world is only a million. They I don’t believe that 3000 million peasants and ministers can replace me.”

Qin Bo also said: "Although our Mohist family is based on craftsmen, I don't believe it either."

Xu Fan said: "We must look at things from a developmental perspective. The fact that the power of craftsmen is weak today does not mean that the power of craftsmen will be equally weak in the future."

"You must have a materialist view of history."

"Materialist view of history?"

This is another term that Zhang Liang and others have never heard of. They looked at Xu Fan and waited for his explanation.

Xu Fan said: "This is a way of looking at problems. This is a method and theory of looking at problems."

One is to look at the world from a material point of view or to look at the world from a spiritual point of view.

These two views are two sides of the same world, but they have different priorities. To use a metaphor, Confucianism believes that as long as the monarch practices morality and benevolent and righteous, the world will naturally be convinced and he will become the emperor. This is to emphasize the spiritual point of view.

Legalists and military strategists believe that if you want to be the emperor, you must have strong soldiers and horses, sufficient food and grass, and conquer all the forces in the world through farming and warfare, and you will naturally become the emperor. They also emphasize the material basis.

Xu Fan then talked to Zhang Liang and others about productivity, historical laws, etc. Over the years, Xu Fan had almost forgotten all this knowledge and only remembered a few nouns. Combined with his experience over the years, he could tell something.

This little thing alone has made Zhang Liang and Qin Bo feel like they have found a treasure. No wonder the emperor's vision is different from ordinary people. This has his inner logic.

Then Xu Fan said to them: "To sum up the history of this world for three thousand years, it is the history of advanced producers replacing backward producers."

"In the beginning, people all over the world picked wild fruits to survive. Picking wild fruits for cooking was the advanced producer of that era. This was what women were good at, so the world experienced a long matrilineal society, and the tribal leaders at that time were all women. Served.”

Zhang Liang and the others nodded. There was no chronology of civilization in this era. All the materials burned by Xiang Yu were quickly copied by Xu Fan, and they were copied in large quantities and placed in the library for everyone to read. Zhang Liang and the others also have knowledge of life in ancient times. A certain understanding.

"Then hunting tools became more and more advanced, and the ancient humans were able to hunt more and more prey. Orions were the advanced producers of that era, so the patriarchal society replaced the matrilineal society."

"Later, Shen Nong tasted hundreds of herbs, brought grains to the world, and brought planting techniques. He became an advanced producer of that era when he knew how to farm. As a result, farmers became the most powerful force in the world. Farmers used their The hoe established the present world. During this period, the world experienced the replacement of iron tools with bronze ones. In the past, the Han people worked together and turned into single-family farming. "

"Advanced producers in each era can bring more wealth than the previous era. And among today's big men, who are the people in the class who can produce more wealth than farmers?"

Zhang Liang and Qin Bo both said in shock: "Craftsman!"

(End of this chapter)