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Chapter 514 Stable Isotope Mithril

However, the room-temperature superconductor extracted from the superconducting ore on Pandora is naturally not a radioactive isotope, but a stable isotope.

This isotope of silver is called mithril because of its superconducting properties.

Because in some myths and legends there is a special kind of silver called mithril, and the biggest feature of this mithril is that it has very good energy conduction properties.

Electric energy can naturally be considered a type of energy, so the word "mithril" is the most appropriate to describe this stable isotope of silver that can superconduct at room temperature.

Isotopes refer to the same chemical elements with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Commonly used stable isotopes include carbon 13, nitrogen 15, hydrogen 2 (also known as deuterium), and oxygen 18.

Because these isotopes are one to two atomic weight units heavier than ordinary elements, they are also called heavy elements.

Of course, the famous carbon 14, which is similar to carbon 13, is radioactive. Although the half-life of carbon 14 is very long, it is radioactive so it is naturally not included in the stable isotopes.

Stable isotopes are isotopes of elements in the periodic table that have the same atomic number, different atomic mass, basically the same chemical properties, and a half-life greater than ten to the fifteenth power years, that is, they do not decay by radiation and their mass remains unchanged forever.

More than 300 stable isotopes have been discovered so far, but the ones that have been industrially produced and widely used are mainly deuterium, which is hydrogen 2, carbon 13, nitrogen 15, oxygen 18, neon 22, boron 10 and a few other products.

However, with the discovery of mithril, the family of silver isotopes will add a new member, and it is a heavyweight one at that. There is no way around it because mithril's superconductivity is too important.

Stable isotopes have different masses, so their nuclear spin properties are very different, and the relative frequency and relative sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance also vary greatly. This provides a technical basis for testing the abundance of stable isotopes by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, etc.

The chemical and biological properties of stable isotopes and their compounds are the same, but they have different nuclear physical properties. Therefore, stable isotopes can be used as tracer atoms to make labeled compounds containing stable isotopes. By utilizing their different properties from the corresponding non-labeled elements, the position, quantity and transformation amount of stable isotopes after reaction can be determined by analytical instruments such as mass spectrometers and nuclear magnetic resonance analyzers, so as to understand the mechanism, pathway, effect, etc. of the reaction.

Stable isotopes are ubiquitous in nature, including all compounds, water and the atmosphere, so they also exist naturally in plants, animals and the human body. Their physical and chemical properties are the same as those of ordinary elements, so they can be used as tracers to label compounds for use in almost all natural fields such as scientific research, clinical medicine and drug production. Since there is no radiation pollution, stable isotope tracers can be used on any subject, including pregnant women, infants and patients, and are absolutely safe whether taken orally or injected.

Another feature of stable isotope technology is its high and ultra-high precision in quantitative testing, reaching an accuracy of one part per million, and at the same time, it also measures the concentration of the compound, which is twice the result with half the effort and reduces the test error. Now, using isotope technology, people can measure multiple different samples at the same time, thereby improving the measurement efficiency. These high efficiency and high precision characteristics are incomparable to technologies such as radioactive isotopes.

The third characteristic of stable isotope technology is the microscopic and flexible nature of its tracing ability. Microscopicity means that it can be used to mark and track one or more specific atoms inside a compound molecule, such as the different metabolic pathways of each atom in a glucose molecule in the human body, which atoms enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle to produce energy, and which atoms enter the fat metabolism pathway to participate in fat synthesis. Variability means that the different metabolic pathways or production processes of a compound can be tracked, qualitatively and quantitatively determined through the rational selection and ingenious design of isotope labeling sites.

Stable isotopes are widely used in soil, medicine, agriculture, biology, ecology, environment and other fields. Because they have the ability to integrate long-term chemical changes in the blue planet and connect components of different systems, they play a role in connecting time and space, and can provide valuable geochemical information for studying diagenesis, which is of great significance for understanding environmental evolution.

It also has broad application prospects in studying the migration, transformation and traceability of chemical substances in environmental media. The ubiquity of stable isotopes in nature means the universality of the application of this technology. With the unique function of nature's microscope, it will reveal more and more mysteries of nature and the human body. Isotopes, especially stable isotopes, are crucial factors for scientific research and production and life.

However, this thing is different from chemical substances. Chemical substances can be produced through chemical reactions. Many excellent chemical fuels, such as polyethylene, benzene, ethanol, methanol and other chemical substances can be obtained through chemical reactions.

But isotopes cannot be obtained through chemical reactions.

Isotopes can only be obtained through nuclear reactions, although the Wandering Blue Star has now mastered heavy nuclear fusion, that is, other fusion that exceeds hydrogen fusion but is lower than iron fusion.

There is no other way. The reason why we did heavy nuclear fusion in the first place was that although the requirements for heavy nuclear fusion are very strict, it has one very good point.

That is, the energy released by heavy nuclear fusion is much less than that released by hydrogen nuclear fusion.

This makes it very easy to control. In addition, there is very little hydrogen on the blue planet. Although the ocean is full of water, which is a chemical combination of hydrogen and oxygen, the power generated by this water is not enough to propel the blue planet.

What's more, after the water is used up, how will the ecology recover after arriving at Proxima Centauri? And the billions of people wandering on the blue planet also need water!
Therefore, after comprehensive consideration, only burning rocks to carry out heavy nuclear fusion can have enough energy to push the blue planet away from the solar system. After all, there is not much else on the blue planet, but there are a lot of rocks. You should know that the diameter of the blue planet is more than 10,000 kilometers, and the mantle and crust are all rocks!

Of course, even if we master heavy nuclear fusion, it is impossible to produce mithril through heavy nuclear fusion.

After all, mithril also belongs to the silver element, and the atomic mass of silver is much larger than that of iron, so this also leads to a very tricky problem.

That means it is impossible to undergo fusion reaction. You must know that in fusion reaction, iron cannot undergo fusion reaction.

And it's not just iron, even elements below iron, that is, elements with atomic mass higher than iron, cannot undergo fusion reactions.

After all, the problem involved in fusion is very simple, that is, through fusion, mass loss will occur between atoms, and after the mass loss, huge energy will be released, and part of this energy will be extracted to provide external energy.

The other part will be used to maintain the normal operation of the nuclear fusion reactor.

After all, if a nuclear fusion reactor wants to simulate a nuclear fusion reaction, then when there is no gravity like that of a star, the only thing it can do is to use high temperature to maintain the nuclear fusion in the nuclear fusion reactor.

(End of this chapter)