The six-dimensional pictures of emperors of all dynasties were exposed, and the ancestors panicked

Chapter 371: The Qingli New Deal

【The Qingli New Deal was mainly based on Fan Zhongyan's "Ten Things". 】

[Ming Dynasty promotion and demotion: In the Song Dynasty, civil officials were promoted for three years, and military officials were promoted for five years. Their political achievements were sent to the Imperial Examination Yuan for review. If there were no major mistakes, they would be transferred on a routine basis. Seniority was almost the only criterion for promotion.]

【In response to this system, a new inspection and examination law was formulated, strict assessment methods were adopted, the inspection and examination period was extended, and merit-based promotion was promoted. 】

[Suppressing luck: restricting officials' children and relatives from becoming officials through "menyin". ]

【Reform the content of the imperial examination: the original Jinshi examination only focused on poetry and prose, but now focuses on policy essays. The Mingjing examination only required reciting the words and sentences of Confucian classics, but now requires explaining the meaning and principles of the classics. Strict imperial examinations are adopted to select scholars.】

【Selection of officials: Due to the "Mokan" system, most county officials were inactive. After strengthening the inspection, reward and punishment of officials. It is also advocated that officials at all levels recommend their subordinates to strengthen the recommendation and selection of superiors at all levels. 】

[Equalize public land, adjust the excessively disparate amounts of official land, and prevent and reduce corruption. ]

【Promote agriculture and sericulture: Organize and reward the construction of water conservancy projects and develop production. 】

【Xiu Wu Bei: advocated restoring the Fu Bing system, recruiting guards for the capital, and organizing them to farm for three quarters and train for war for one quarter.】

【Reduce corvée labor: abolish the prefectures and counties, and reduce the corvée labor of farmers. 】

【Encouragement Letter: The emperor issued a general amnesty every three years, exempting the people from taxes that had been owed for many years, but this was not fully implemented. He supervised local officials to implement the amnesty and other graces.】

【Important order: At that time, the imperial court's decrees were complicated and unreliable. They were required to be reviewed and matured before being promulgated throughout the country. Once promulgated, they must be followed and could not be changed at will.】

……

Great Qin.

Ying Zheng looked at the various imperial edicts in the sky.

I sighed inwardly.

Is it so easy to reform the political system?
Shang Yang was able to succeed in his reforms in Qin because the aristocratic and patriarchal atmosphere in Qin was not as numerous or as important as that of the princes in the Central Plains.

However, even so, without the strong support of Duke Xiao, the reform could not be carried out.

There was no continuation of King Huiwen and no perseverance of King Zhaoxiang.

The Qin State could never sweep across the six states.

Haven’t we seen Wu Qi and Qu Yuan?

"political reform……"

Ying Zheng touched the carved bamboo slips at hand.

Each character above represents the institutional evolution of the Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the North and South, the Tang Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty.

"political reform……"

Look at the volume of Lüshi Chunqiu in front of you again

Ying Zheng's eyes narrowed slightly.

"Is Liu Bang here?"

The eunuch not far away lowered his head and whispered:
"Your Majesty, Liu Dianke is sorting memorials outside the palace gate."

Ying Zheng paused slightly and glanced at the scorching heat outside.

"Let him go to the side hall to rest."

"General, summon the Right Prime Minister, the Minister of State, the Minister of State, the Minister of Internal Affairs of Jikuri, and the Crown Prince."

"When you are all here, bring Liu Bang with you to see me."

The eunuch beside him hurried to pass on the order, and Ying Zheng looked up at the sky again.

Every five hundred years a king will rise, and among them there will be someone famous.

I am the king!
The Great Qin will not have a second emperor but... Fusu... Tsk.

Put your hand on your forehead.

When will my Heng'er come out?
Why not ask Liu Heng?

Ying Zheng's eyes flickered.

Wait, wait, wait...

Although it is normal to rob someone's mother at this time...but I still have to have some shame...

I am not as good as Liu Bang in this respect...

……

Big man.

"Tsk, tsk, very good."

Liu Bang gathered his clothes and leaned against the pillow, praising repeatedly.

"These reforms can be summed up as two things."

"First, those who don't work and have no ability should be fired, and capable people should be replaced."

"Then we will quickly fill people's pockets."

Lu Zhi stroked her temples slightly, raised her eyes, and said coldly:

"The mediocre ones are demoted while the capable ones are promoted. This is how it should be."

“But it’s not that easy.”

"Judging from Song Renzong's words and deeds, if he hadn't launched the Northwest Military Campaign, he wouldn't have thought of changing the system."

Liu Bang stroked his beard and pondered:
"That's where things might go wrong."

"Among the emperors of the Song Dynasty, Emperor Taizu had great ambitions and was capable."

"Song Taizong had great ambitions, but was incompetent."

"Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty was both like existence and not existence, like non-existence and not non-existence."

"This Renzong... he said too little to really judge."

"Now it seems that he has great ambition, but I am afraid that he will retreat if he encounters resistance... The descendants of Zhao Kuangyi... Tsk."

"They are all weak-willed! Unlike your descendants, all of them are determined!"

Lu Zhi on the side was too lazy to pay attention to him.

Liu Ying on the side smiled and said to little Liu Heng:

"Fourth brother, father said that he is determined!"

Little Liu Heng smiled and nodded.

Just because you dared to confront the elderly Empress Lu, who dares to say that you are not strong-willed?
You just aren't strong enough to hit the right spot!

Try your best, brother!
I don’t want to get up earlier than the chicken and go to bed later than the dog!

……

The period of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty
Liu Heng covered his mouth with his sleeve and yawned.

Wiping away the tears in his eyes, he carefully watched "Chen Shi Shi" and finally clapped his hands and sighed:

"A ruler should be in harmony with the world. If the world belongs to the emperor alone, it is not the way of a ruler."

"The scholars are willing to start the reform from their own interests."

"Song and the scholars can be said to rule the world together."

Liu Qi looked at Liu Heng and said with some hesitation:
"Father...can they succeed?"

Liu Heng said without hesitation:
“It’s impossible to succeed.”

“The first step was a wrong one.”

"Among these ten things, except for the three items of promoting agriculture and sericulture, improving military preparations, and reducing corvée labor, the remaining seven items all fall into the category of reforming the civil service."

"He is a man of high aspirations, who dares to take responsibility and wants to fight against officials all over the world."

"But he was in too much of a hurry."

“This is not how a country is governed.”

……

The period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty
Liu Che twisted and turned on the couch, feeling uncomfortable no matter how he lay.

He had some changes in his views on the literati of the Song Dynasty.

Not to mention anything else, just Kou Zhun, Fan Zhongyan and other literati who proposed the Chenshu reform show that Zhao Kuangyin's strategy of being lenient towards literati was correct.

But... aren't you guys from the outer court meddling a little too much?

All of this is except for the harem... No, you guys are also keeping an eye on the harem!
You want to get involved in everything!
Are you guys playing the game of Chuigong here?

……

Period of Emperor Guangwu of Yanhan Dynasty

Liu Xiu looked at the other ones and nodded repeatedly.

They are all practical and reasonable policies, except for one thing: restoring the Fubing system is not acceptable.

Although the fubing system could greatly save the cost of supporting the soldiers, it actually transferred the cost of maintaining the soldiers to the civilian households.

Although the conscription system brought a heavy burden to the finances, civilians were exempted from the pain of military service.

Of the two, the people are the most important.

"It's still urgent."

The main contradiction should be the rule of the people, and the reform of the rule of officials can be carried out gradually.

Only when the people's trust is established can the civil service system be reformed.

At least you have to come up with tangible local responses before you can continue to implement the reforms.

Besides, that was too much to say in one breath.

How can those whose interests are harmed remain indifferent if they do not gain any other benefits?

……

Tang Dynasty - Daizong Period
Li Yu was stunned for a moment when he saw the "Mokan" policy.

Li Shi, who was writing furiously at the side, recalled.

"This seems to be Li Linfu's system of following the seniority system?"

Li Yu stroked his beard and said with a complicated expression:
"Xuanzong used this method because there were too many officials. It was impossible for the people in the Ministry of Personnel to figure out the ability of each official."

"Since we don't know whether these officials have talent or how much talent they have, it is naturally difficult to give them official positions based on their talent."

"It is difficult to determine the ability of an official, but one can tell at a glance how senior an official is."

"Selecting officials based on their talents can easily lead to controversy.

You think this person has no talent, but he thinks he is very talented and it’s just that you don’t have good vision, and then you might end up arguing.”

"Just like Li Bai..."

Li Shi thought about the current situation in the world and agreed:
"Some people may even take money to portray untalented people as talented."

"Talent is hard to quantify anyway, but qualifications are easy to quantify."

"Anyway, once the two have a comparison of their qualifications, whoever has the higher qualifications will be the official, so it won't be easy for disputes to arise."

"The bad thing is that the virtuous and the unworthy are promoted together, and even the virtuous are squeezed out and the unworthy are promoted to high positions."

Li Yu and Li Shi both sighed.

"Record it. At least if we need to change the system in the future, we will know what is good and what is bad."

……

[The Qingli New Deal did not actually affect the entire scholar-official class, but the reform of the system of patronage and the strengthening of the inspection system did damage some of the vested interests of the official group, so the opposition rose up to attack Fan Zhongyan and others.]

【At that time, the prime minister Lü Yijian, who had been fighting with his party, had retired, and the leader of the opposition was Xia Song. 】

[In April 1043, he was appointed as Privy Councilor by Emperor Renzong of Song. Before he took office, he was impeached by Ouyang Xiu, Cai Xiang and other censors, and was dismissed.]

[The reformists were able to take control of the government, which made Shi Jie, who was a lecturer at the Imperial College at the time and had a radical stance, believe that there was hope for the restoration of a clean and bright political system. In his joy, he wrote the "Qingli Shengde Poem"]

[The main content is to praise Song Renzong for "promoting the virtuous and dismissing the treacherous". The "virtuous" refers to Du Yan, Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu and others, while the "treacherous" refers directly to Xia Song who had just been dismissed from office without naming him.]

……

{This is how you guys did it...it's no wonder you guys failed.}
｛Xia Song himself probably could not have imagined that he had made great achievements as a local official in the past, but he was denounced as a traitor by this group of newly emerged young censors and Shi Jie.｝
{When Xia Song was in charge of the Northwest, he worked together with Fan Zhongyan and Han Qi to resist foreign enemies. He was also one of the people who recommended Fan Zhongyan, and Fan Zhongyan wrote a letter to thank Xia Song for this. This letter is "Thank Xia Taiwei Qi"}
{When he was young, he passed the extremely difficult imperial examinations in the Song Dynasty. In the fifth year of Tiansheng, before Emperor Renzong took power, he served as the Deputy Privy Councilor and the Vice Prime Minister.}
{This experience made him even more arrogant. How could he be willing to endure such a great humiliation?}

{How could they trust or support reformers like Fan Zhongyan?}

{He became a traitor for no apparent reason, just because he was close to someone named Lu? In those days, reputation was above all else, especially the reputation of a scholar.}
{You have directly added an opponent who shouldn't have appeared.}
……

On the canopy.

An eunuch knelt down and kowtowed to Zhao Zhen, who was looking serious, and said with deep sorrow:
"Officially, Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu, Yin Zhu, and Yu Jing were once called the Four Sages."

"They now use the official positions and salaries granted by the state as personal favors to consolidate their cliques."

"If they have more than ten private parties today, and each private party has five or six members, then the total number would be fifty or sixty!"

"If these fifty or sixty people support each other, in less than two or three years, their followers will be all over the court. If they do something that harms the country, who dares to point it out?"

"If they want to take revenge on other officials, why can't they do it?"

"I hope the government will investigate this clearly!"

……

[Xia Song opposed Fan Zhongyan and others partly because of his different political views and partly to vent his personal anger.]

【Xia Song and others accused Fan Zhongyan and others of forming a clique. Renzong did not believe it at first, but later became suspicious.】

In April 1044, Emperor Renzong of Song asked Fan Zhongyan about the issue of factions. Fan Zhongyan replied: "Since ancient times, both the wicked and the righteous have always formed their own factions, which cannot be stopped."

[Ouyang Xiu even wrote an article "On Factions", dividing the literati into "the party of gentlemen" and "the party of villains", and named Fan Zhongyan, himself and his like-minded people as "the party of gentlemen", claiming that he would leave the party of villains and join the party of gentlemen. ]

[In the first month of 1045, Emperor Renzong of Song dismissed Fan Zhongyan from his post as Vice Minister of State Affairs and Fu Bi from his post as Deputy Privy Councilor on charges of forming a clique to attack dissidents.]

[In February, the new laws on mokan and yin were abolished.]

[In March, an imperial decree was issued to abolish the new imperial examination system.]

【The Qingli New Deal was aborted, and everything returned to its original state.】

……

Datang.

"Hey! This silly boy!"

Li Shimin clapped his hands, his face full of regret.

Some of those policies are feasible and easy to implement, while some are difficult and impossible to implement.

But no matter what, you can give it a try and do it.

It’s okay this time!

Just because of party struggles, countless enemies were created for no reason.

Not being able to distinguish between friends and enemies, not only fail to win over those who could be helpers, but also turn those who could be helpers into enemies.

What else can you do?

……

Tang Xuanzong Period
Li Longji, with one swollen eye, took a peach from Yang Yuhuan's fruit basket and started eating it.

sneered:
"Why would you be an emperor if you are so easily influenced by others?"

"You can listen to such biased words?"

"These two are also stupid! Isn't it a direct attack on the emperor's heart if you admit that you are a clique?"

"There are some things you can do but you can't say them!"

"Don't even admit it!"

……

Tang Xuanzong period
Li Chen stroked his beard, speechless.

Are you only focusing on the rebellion of the feudal lords? You only want to suppress the military commanders.

Don’t you care at all about the factional struggles that started during the reign of Emperor Xianzong?
Party strife is also detrimental to the country!

……

On the canopy.

An old man with a white beard was leaning on the railing and looking out.

The sun is shining brightly, and the green swallows are carrying mud.

The dark black scarf on her head and the white silk gown on her body both fluttered in the wind.

On the desk behind him, stacks of white papers were rising and falling one after another, but the title was held down by a black beast-swallowing paperweight, unable to move.

The old man sighed and turned around.

Sit at the table and hold down the paper.

Pick up the pen and lick the ink, and write like a dragon.

"In the spring of the fourth year of the Qingli reign, Teng Zijing was exiled to Baling County..."

"Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself. If you are in a high position in the government, you will worry about the people. If you are far away in the rivers and lakes, you will worry about your ruler."

"Be the first to worry about the world's worries, and the last to enjoy the world's happiness."

"Micro man, who I go?"

……

(End of this chapter)