History live broadcast: My audience is the ancestors

Chapter 180 Ma Jun
Who in the clouds sent a brocade book: I remember an unofficial historian said that Zhou Yu faked his death and transformed into Huang Yueying to marry Zhuge Liang!
My charming and short-lived ancestor:? ? ? Could it be that Sima Yi disguised himself as a woman to seduce Zhuge Liang?

Even the mist doesn’t give in: Li Li’s original score, the more he listens to it, the more outrageous it becomes!

Wan Ning can’t sleep (Guan): That’s right! These unofficial histories are said to be unofficial histories. How can they be true? Send me the details privately!
Who in the clouds sent me a brocade book: Hahahahahaha! Hold on! let me find it!

Zhuge Liang/Zhou Yu/Sima Yi: Are you polite?

Su Yue looked at the lively comment area asking for sharing and said, "Okay, let's take a look at the next person - Ma Jun."

Ma Jun (year of birth and death unknown), courtesy name Deheng, was an inventor in Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.

A native of Fufeng (now Xingping City, SX Province), he is one of the most famous mechanical inventors in the history of ancient Chinese science and technology.

When Ma Jun was young, his family was poor and he had a stuttering problem, so he was not good at speaking but good at thinking. Later, he served as an official in the Wei State.

Ma Jun's most outstanding performances include restoring the compass wheel; improving the cumbersome silk weaving machine at that time; inventing a keel water wheel that diverts water from low areas to high areas; and making a rotary stone machine that can continuously launch stones. It can be as far as hundreds of steps; the wooden motive wheel is installed under the puppet, which is called "Water Turns Hundreds of Plays".

Since then, Ma Jun also restructured Zhuge Liannu and contributed to scientific development and technological progress.

I send my love and the bright moon: I feel that his first half of life is very familiar!

My dear, don’t go: Yes! And I think I even memorized some of the words!
My charming and short-lived ancestor: It should be Song Lian's "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang". My life as a child was similar
I can’t sleep at night (Guan): That’s right! it's him! But the two men took different paths.

Fuling (Guan): Yes! Song Lian was a scholar, and he was even the teacher of Prince Zhu Biao. Ma Jun, on the other hand, is an inventor, delving into what the world sees as strange techniques and tricks.
I send my thoughts to the bright moon: Yes, but if I say I admire anyone, it must be Ma Jun. Pay attention! I'm talking about myself!

I can’t sleep at night (Guan): Don’t worry! We can all vouch for you

New damask weaving machine

It was only in production practice that the Chinese working people gradually invented simple damask weaving machines.

But by the time of the Three Kingdoms, weaving silk looms with fifty warp threads were still made at fifty feet, and looms with sixty warp threads were made at sixty feet, which were very clumsy.

Ma Jun saw that the workers were so tired and sweating when operating on this kind of damask weaving machine that the production efficiency was very low, so he decided to improve this kind of damask weaving machine to reduce the labor of the workers.

So, he redesigned a new damask weaving machine.

The new damask weaving machine has simplified treadmills and modified hinge moving parts (i.e. opening moving parts).

The original silk weaving machine had fifty warp threads and sixty warp threads, which controlled the grouping of warp threads and the opening and closing of the upper and lower parts so that the shuttle could weave back and forth. Ma Jun changed them all into twelve crotches.

guide car

According to legends in ancient Chinese history, more than 4000 years ago, the Yellow Emperor fought with Chi You. Chi You used mist to prevent his army from being defeated, causing the Yellow Emperor's army to lose its direction.

Later, Huangdi made a compass and relied on it to identify the direction, and finally defeated Chi You.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the great scientist Zhang Heng used a purely mechanical structure to create a compass. Unfortunately, Zhang Heng's method of making a compass was lost.

By the Three Kingdoms period, people only knew about the compass car from legends, but no one had ever seen what a compass car looked like.

At that time, Ma Jun, who was working as an official in the Wei State, was very interested in the legendary compass and determined to recreate it.

Qin Lang mocked Ma Jun and said: "Your husband's name is Jun, and his courtesy name is Deheng. Jun is the model of an appliance. Height can determine the weight of an item. If there is no certain standard for the weight, can it be used as a model?"

Ma Jun said: "What's the use of arguing in vain? Let's try it out and find out for ourselves."

Later, they went to see Emperor Ming of Wei (Cao Rui) together, and Emperor Ming ordered Ma Jun to make a compass. With no information or models, Ma Jun studied hard and repeated experiments. It didn't take long before he finally made a compass using the structural principles of differential gears.

Facts speak louder than words, and Ma Jun successfully ended this debate with practical achievements.

The guide chariot made of Ma Jun, on the battlefield filled with wars and smoke, no matter how the chariot turned, the fingers of the wooden figure on the car always guided the car, which aroused the admiration of the ministers of the whole dynasty. From then on, "the world admires its cleverness" ".

Keel waterwheel
In the past, a kind of keel waterwheel was widely used in many areas of China.

It uses the principle of gears to draw water, which is very easy to use.

China has a long history of using waterwheels.

During the Three Kingdoms period, mechanical inventor Ma Jun reinvented and created a new type of rollover, which made rollovers widely popularized and used, thus forming the formal emergence of rollovers from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms.

According to the "Book of the Later Han·Zhang Rang Biography", in the third year of Zhongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 186), Bi Lan once built an overturned cart to collect river water and sprinkle roads.

When Ma Jun was working in Luoyang, the capital, there was land in the city that could be turned into a garden.

In order to irrigate, he built a waterwheel (ie, a keel waterwheel).

The rollover cart made by Ma Jun was light and labor-saving, and could be operated by children. It was "a hundred times more clever than usual", that is, it was many times more powerful than other water-lifting tools at that time. Therefore, it was welcomed by the society and widely used.

Until the 20th century, some areas in China still used rolling trucks to lift water.

Water turns into a hundred tricks
Once, someone presented a puppet show to Emperor Wei Ming. The shape was quite exquisite, but the puppets could only be placed there and could not move. Emperor Ming felt very sorry.

Emperor Ming asked Ma Jun: "Can you make these puppets move?"

Ma Jun replied affirmatively: "Yes!"

Emperor Ming then ordered Ma Jun to reform it.

Not long after, Ma Jun successfully created "Water Turns Hundreds of Plays".

He made a motive wheel out of wood, pushed it with water power, and made it rotate through the transmission mechanism.

In this way, all the wooden figures on the upper floor moved.

Some play drums, some play flutes, some dance, some wield swords, some ride horses, some stand on ropes, and there are hundreds of official offices. There are really endless changes.

Moreover, these wooden figures can come and go freely, and their movements are extremely complex. Their ingenuity is unmatched by the original Baixi puppets.

The successful development of "Water Turns Hundreds of Plays" should be said to be a very outstanding creation in ancient Chinese puppet art.

Although it was a thing for the feudal rulers to play with, on the other hand, Ma Jun was able to master and skillfully utilize the principles of water conservancy and mechanical transmission.

My charming and short-lived ancestor: Ahhhhhh! Big Boss Niubi

Wuduyi: Boss, please take off my knees!

Wan Ning can’t sleep. (Guan): He’s serious. I’ll cry to death! Boss Cao really has a lot of talented people at his disposal.

I send my thoughts to you and Mingyue: I totally agree! So Cao Wei finally unified, but it was a pity that the Sima family picked the peach!
Who in the clouds sent me a brocade book: What should I do? When I see Sima Yi, I want to curse him!

Lianlian: It’s normal, I also want to curse!