History live broadcast: My audience is the ancestors

Chapter 254 Tossing Pots
My charming and short-lived ancestor: That is to say, I have been really studying how to play chess recently, but I haven’t figured it out yet.

I can’t sleep at night (Guan): I’ve also been studying those mini-games recently, but I’m not playing chess, I’m playing Temple Escape
Don’t let the world grow old: Yes, the eternal God of Plants vs. Zombies!
With Wu Xiaoxiao:? Am I the only one who likes snakes? I mean, this is really fun.
I didn’t think about the online name, let’s use this first: Wuhu, I’m different, I like Tom Cat very much! I can’t believe that someone like me, who gets a headache when seeing children, would like to keep cats so much!

I send my longing to the bright moon: Who hasn’t had a kitten in a mobile phone back then?
Yu Yusning: Ahhhhhhh! The cat I took care of back then was so good, but I didn’t take care of myself that much!

goin: So shouldn’t the focus of our discussion be chess? How did it become our favorite little game back then?
My charming and short-lived ancestor: Indeed, but chess is really a game that appears frequently on various occasions.

Who in the clouds sent me a brocade book: It’s true, and I’m currently following “Cherishing Flower Peony”, and the peony in it is really cute! Xiaoxiao acted really well
I didn’t think of using this as my online name first: I watched it too! Although it is very different from the original work, Xiaoxiao's performance is really good!
I can’t sleep at night (Guan): Yes! Especially the scene where she and Shen Er play chess, it’s really beautiful!
Su Yue also saw them discussing the TV series. Although she didn't know what they were talking about, she waited until they had almost finished talking before continuing: "Okay, now let's take a look at the next game - pot throwing!"

起源
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, one of the etiquettes used by princes when entertaining guests was to invite the guests to shoot arrows.

At that time, it was considered a shame for an adult man not to be able to shoot arrows. If the host invited a guest to shoot, the guest could not refuse.

Later, some guests really couldn't shoot arrows, so they used arrows to throw wine bottles instead.

Over time, pot throwing replaced archery and became a game during banquets.

Warring States Period
Hu Tou was greatly developed during the Warring States Period. Literati at that time tended to cultivate their inner self, and Hu Tou, a calm, serene and etiquette activity, suited their needs.

In addition, due to social development, the phenomenon of throwing pots for fun among Z people is becoming more and more common.

"Book of Rites: Tou Hu" says: "Those who toss pots are the etiquette of the host discussing his talents with his guests."

"Zuo Zhuan" once recorded that Duke Zhao of Jin held a banquet with the monarchs of various countries and held a pot-throwing show.

Qin Han
After the Qin and Han Dynasties, it became popular among the scholar-bureaucrats. During every banquet, there would be a program of "Song of Songs and Throwing Pots" to add to the fun.

In the process of spreading, the difficulty of the game has increased. Not only have many new names been produced, but also some people have ingeniously set up a screen outside the pot to throw blindly, or sit back and throw backwards.

After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the archery ceremony was abolished, and pot throwing became an entertainment for guests at banquets.

Among the stone portraits of the Han Dynasty in Nanyang is the "Picture of Tossing a Pot". In the middle of the picture, the guest of honor and the guest are sitting opposite each other, and there are three waiters beside them.

Although pot throwing is no longer a formal etiquette, it is still an elegant activity.

According to "Dongguan Han Ji", the general Ji Zun of the Eastern Han Dynasty "used Confucianism to recruit scholars, and for wine and entertainment, he must throw elegant songs and throw pots." Tou pot and elegant songs are connected together, which has become a feature of the life of Confucian scholars.

Han Dynasty
The method of throwing pots in the Han Dynasty was greatly improved compared to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

The original throwing pot was made by filling the pot with red beans so that the arrow shaft would not jump out.

In the Han Dynasty, red beans were not put in the pot, so that the arrow shaft could jump out and be caught and re-thrown; it could be thrown more than a hundred times in a row, which was "called Xiao".

"Xijing Miscellaneous Notes" says that during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there was a man from Guo She who was good at throwing pots and could "return more than a hundred enemies with one arrow." "

Every time he threw a pot for Emperor Wu, he was always given gold and silk."

Wei Jin
Hut throwing was also popular in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. In the Jin Dynasty, when the activity of throwing pot was widely carried out, the throwing pot was also improved, that is, two ears were added on both sides of the mouth of the pot.

Therefore, there are many more names for the styles of throwing pots, such as "Yi Er", "Guan Er", "Pour Er", "Lian Zhong", "Quan Hu", etc. Touhu, football and Go in ancient my country were all spread eastward to North Korea.

According to the "New Book of Tang Dynasty: Goryeo Biography", "The king of Goryeo lived in Pyongyang City, and he enjoyed playing chess, throwing pots, and playing Cuju".

Since pot throwing evolved from the ritual of shooting, pot throwing became an elegant activity among Confucian scholars in the Han Dynasty. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there were many tricks in throwing pots, and some authentic Confucianists were very dissatisfied.

change
During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, pot throwing was still popular among scholar-bureaucrats.

Sima Guang, a great scholar in the Song Dynasty, was quite dissatisfied with the trend of pot throwing that went against ancient etiquette and became entertainment.

He made a comprehensive summary of Hu Tou based on feudal etiquette and tried his best to achieve educational purposes.

He said: "Tossing the pot can cure the mind, cultivate one's character, serve the country, and observe people. Why do you say this? The person who throws the pot will not make it go wrong, nor will it make it fall short, so it is average."

It does not cause deflection and dispersion, so it is righteous. Zhongzheng is the foundation of Tao. "

He also made changes to the name and scoring rules of Touhu from the perspective of etiquette. Sima Guang's opinions gave Touhu a political color.

The activity of throwing pots had a strong sense of etiquette before the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the skills began to diversify and become more entertaining. The same was true in the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

"New Style of Touhu" reflects the diverse contents of Touhu before 1072.

Sima Guang "updated the fixed frames, added or detracted from the old pictures", and imposed restrictions on the betting methods, which actually hindered the development of this activity into diversified and complex techniques, and also affected its entertainment to a certain extent.

However, this "improvement" was beneficial to the consolidation of the ruling regime at that time. Therefore, Touhu Xinge was continuously republished by scholar-bureaucrats in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Fading
After the Ming Dynasty, Touhu did not stick to the old methods, but entered a new stage of development as society became increasingly prosperous.

There were also many writings on Touhu in the Ming Dynasty. For example, Wang Xiang, a Marquis of the late Ming Dynasty, stated in his "Tou Hu Zou Yao" that there were as many as 140 kinds of throwing methods at that time. By the Qing Dynasty, Tou Hu was in decline.

However, it was still circulating in the palace at the end of the Qing Dynasty. Today, there is also a cross-shaped pavilion in BJ Zhongshan Park called "Touhu Pavilion".

The park also preserves six ancient copper throwing pots, which are probably the relics of the Qing Dynasty emperors.

Touhu has evolved several times and has been popular for more than two thousand years. It was once extremely prosperous and was played with great enthusiasm among scholar-bureaucrats.

The reason for this is, first of all, because it is an "ancient ritual". Scholars and officials considered it an elegant entertainment that conformed to their lifestyle and were happy to accept it.

Secondly, this kind of entertainment itself can cultivate one's moral character and have fitness significance.

Although hutou has evolved from an initial etiquette into an entertainment game, it is always accompanied by a set of cumbersome etiquette and has not completely severed its connection with "etiquette".

In this way, the spread of Touhu became narrow and was limited to the scholar-bureaucrat class.

By the end of the Qing Dynasty, with the introduction of modern Western sports, Hu Tou had withdrawn from the stage of history.