A thousand-year-old family that began with the Battle of Makino

Chapter 198 Emperor Xiaowen, past events

Han Yuan seven years
June 1st

Han Emperor Liu Heng, who had been ill for a long time, collapsed and died in Weiyang Palace, leaving behind a posthumous edict:

"I heard that probably all things in the world will sprout and grow without death. Death is the common law between heaven and earth and the natural law of all things in the world. There is nothing to be overly sad about!

In today's world, people like to live and hate death. After death, they have to be buried lavishly to ruin their family property, and excessive mourning harms the body. I think it is very undesirable. Moreover, my virtues are shallow and I cannot help the people.

Now that I have passed away, I have made people mourn excessively and for a long time, and suffered severe cold and heat, making other people’s fathers and sons mourn for me, hurting the hearts of the elders and young, reducing their diet, and prohibiting sacrifices to ghosts and gods, so that my virtue Even more superficial, how can I explain it to the world?
It has been more than twenty years since I was able to guard the ancestral temple and be lifted up by the princes and kings of the world with my small body. Relying on the power of heaven and earth and the well-being of the country, there is peace in the country and no war. I am not diligent enough, and I often worry that I will make mistakes in my behavior, which will bring shame to the virtues left by the late emperor. As time goes by, I am afraid that I will not die well.

Now he is lucky enough to live out his life and be enshrined in the Ancestral Temple again. I am not wise but I can die a good death, what is there to be sad about! Now the officials and people in the world are ordered to go out to mourn for three days after the order is issued, and then all take off their mourning clothes.

Do not forbid taking wives and daughters, offering sacrifices, drinking alcohol, and eating meat. Anyone who is supposed to attend a funeral and mourn in mourning clothes should not go barefoot. The width of the linen belt of mourning clothes should not exceed three inches. Do not display vehicles and weapons. Do not mobilize civilian men and women to come to the palace to mourn. Those in the palace who should mourn should cry fifteen times each morning and evening, and stop after the salute.

It is not the time to express condolences sooner or later, and you are not allowed to cry without permission. After the burial, those who should mourn for nine months should wear high-gong clothes for only fifteen days; those who should mourn for five months should wear small-gong clothes for fourteen days; those who should mourn for three months should wear linen clothes for seven days, and then take off the mourning clothes.

Everything else that is not within the scope of the regulations shall be handled with reference to this edict. Announce the edict to the world so that people in the world understand my intentions. The mountains and rivers around Ba Ling should remain the same and should not be changed.

In addition, all the concubines from the harem lady to the young envoy should be sent home. As for the rest, I can only think of this. If there is anything I haven't thought of, please keep it simple. "

Afterwards, the imperial court appointed Lieutenant Zhou Yafu as the General of Chariots and Cavalry, the vassal state Su Jian as the General of Jiangtun, and Lang Zhongling Bai Qi as the General of Restoration. They recruited 16,000 active soldiers from the counties near Chang'an and 15,000 internal soldiers. The man was under the command of Taiwei Zhang Wu, who was responsible for digging holes, digging and filling soil, and was buried in Ba Ling.

June Yisi Day

All the ministers kowtowed to the emperor and gave him a posthumous title of "Wen". The latitude and longitude of heaven and earth were called Wen; Add the word "xiao" and he will be called Emperor Xiaowen. At the same time, he believes that the emperor has made great contributions to the country. Please give him a temple name, "Shizong", and the full name is Emperor Xiaowen, Shizong of the Han Dynasty.

Ding Weiri

Prince Liu Qi ascended the throne in the Imperial Ancestral Temple and inherited the title of emperor. He became the fifth emperor of the Han Dynasty after Emperor Gao, Emperor Taizong of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Xiaoren, Emperor Taizong of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Dang of the Han Dynasty, and Emperor Xiaowen, Emperor Shizong of the Han Dynasty.

At the same time, an edict was issued to honor the grandmother, the Empress Dowager Bo, as the Empress Dowager, the biological mother, the Empress Dou, as the Empress Dowager, and the crown prince Bo, the queen.

First year of Han Dynasty

April
Yimao day

The Emperor of the Han Dynasty issued an edict to grant amnesty to the whole country.

Yisi day

The Emperor of the Han Dynasty issued an edict to grant everyone a first-class title. In May, half of the land rent for farmers nationwide was reduced and the construction of Sejong Temple for Emperor Xiaowen began. Ministers were asked not to go to congratulate him on his accession to the throne. The Xiongnu were allowed to enter the land of Dai and agreed to make peace with the Xiongnu.

October
Yuan Ang, the imperial censor of the Han Dynasty: "I heard that in ancient times, emperors with meritorious service were called ancestors, and emperors with virtue were called ancestors. There were reasons for formulating etiquette and music. I heard that songs were used to praise virtue, and dances were used to praise virtue. It is used to show merit.

When offering wine in the Gaomiao, the music and dance of "Wude", "Wenshi" and "Five Elements" were performed. When offering wine at Xiaoren Temple, the music and dance of "Wen Shi" and "Five Elements" were performed. Emperor Xiaowen governed the world and opened the gates and bridges so that there was no difference in the distance.

He abolished the crime of defamation, abolished corporal punishment, rewarded the elderly, and adopted orphans and elderly people to nourish all living beings. He reduces his desires, does not accept tribute, and does not take advantage of himself. The wives and children of criminals will not be implicated, and innocent people will not be punished. Abolition of castration, release of beauties from the harem, and emphasis on the issue of cutting off heirs.

I am not diligent and sensitive, so I cannot understand. These were things that the ancient emperors could not do, but Emperor Xiaowen did them himself. His merits and virtues are as outstanding as those of heaven and earth, and his benevolence spreads all over the world. No one has not enjoyed blessings.

His brilliance is like the sun and the moon, but the music and dance used in the ancestral temple sacrifices do not match. I am very afraid. The music and dance "Zhao De" should be created for Emperor Xiaowen's temple to highlight his virtues.

Then the merits of the ancestors will be recorded in the annals of history, and they will be passed down through the ages and will never end. I very much agree with this approach. This matter was left to the prime minister, the princes, the officials of Zhongerqianshi, and the officials in charge of etiquette to jointly draw up the etiquette memorial. "

Prime Minister Shen Tujia and others wrote a letter saying: "Your Majesty has always considered filial piety and created the music and dance of "Zhao De" to highlight the great merits of Emperor Xiaowen. This was something that we ministers could not think of due to our ignorance.

We respectfully suggest that no one in the world can surpass Emperor Gao in merit, no one can surpass Emperor Xiaoren in virtue, and no one can surpass Emperor Xiaowen in literary virtue. The Temple of Emperor Gao should be the Taizu Temple of the emperor of this dynasty, and the Temple of Emperor Xiaoren should be the foundation. The Taejong Temple of the emperor of the dynasty and the Emperor Xiaowen Temple should be the Sejong Temple of the emperor of the current dynasty.

The emperor should worship Taizu Temple, Taizong Temple, and Sejong Temple from generation to generation. The princes of the prefecture should build Sejong Temple for Emperor Xiaowen. The princes and princes sent envoys to accompany the emperor to offer sacrifices to Taizu Temple, Taizong Temple and Sejong Temple every year. Please record these regulations and announce them to the world. "Han Di Zhi said: "Yes! "

The second year of Han Dynasty

Spring:

Xiao Xi, the grandson of Xiao He, the former prime minister, was canonized as Marquis of Wuling. The order stipulated that men must be registered when they reach the age of twenty, and a Department of Civil Registration was established to take charge of the register of the world.

April
Renwu day

When the Empress Dowager Bo passed away, she ordered the kings of Guangchuan and Changsha to go to their own feudal states and not stay in Chang'an.

August
Prime Minister Shen Tujia passed away. The Emperor of the Han Dynasty appointed Yuan Ang, the imperial censor, as the prime minister, Baizhou, the internal historian of Guanzhong, as the censorial official, and Zhou Yafu, the lieutenant, as the Taiwei. Therefore, the prince, Shaofu Chaocuo, was appointed as the internal history of Guanzhong and also served as the minister. Therefore, the prince, Taifu Jia Yi, offered wine to the Imperial College. Also serving as a servant.

In the same year, Chao Cuo submitted a letter to the "Policy for Cutting Down the Vassals". After analysis, he told the Han Emperor to be especially wary of Wu Wang Liu Bi, the most powerful among the princes. The Han Emperor was deeply convinced, but in view of the fact that the current political affairs were not yet completely under control, he pressed the policy. surface.

At the same time, Nanling, Neishi, and Qiyi were integrated into a county, which was called Chang'an County and belonged to Guanzhong Neishi.

Han three years

Yisi day of the first lunar month

Emperor Han once again granted amnesty to the world.

April
The Prime Minister Yuan Ang was displeased with his direct remarks, so he dismissed him as an offender. Bai Zhou, the imperial censor, was appointed as the prime minister, and Chao Cuo, the internal history official of Guanzhong, was appointed as the censor.

May
Chao Cuo once again wrote a letter to cut down the vassal, saying bluntly: "King Wu Liu Bi has been secretly preparing for more than forty years. He minted money privately, boiled salt and sold it. In order to accumulate strength, he also recruited fugitives, and his rebellious intentions became more and more apparent. , if you don’t take action again, you may be blamed for it.”

He also said: "In the past, Emperor Gao had just brought peace to the world. He had few brothers and young sons, so he made people with the same surname king. Therefore, Emperor Gaozu's concubine, King Tuohui, was made King of Qi and ruled over seventy-two cities.

His younger brother, King Yuan, was named King of Chu and ruled over forty cities. His brother's son Liu Bi was named King of Wu and ruled over fifty cities. These three concubines have divided half of the world.

Now, because of the suspicion that the prince was killed in the past, the king of Wu pretended to be ill and did not come to worship. According to the ancient law, he should be executed. Emperor Wen couldn't bear it, so he gave him a leaning chair and a walking stick, which was considered to be the most benevolent and righteous treatment for him.

But the King of Wu did not want to change his ways. Instead, he became more arrogant and extravagant. He went to Tongshan to mint money, boil sea water to make salt, lured the desperadoes in the world, and planned a rebellion. If we weaken him now, he will rebel; if we do not weaken him, he will rebel. If you weaken him, he will rebel quickly and cause little harm; if you do not weaken him, he will rebel slowly and cause great harm. "

It turns out that when Prince Wu Liu Xian came to Beijing, he was able to accompany Liu Qi, who was the crown prince at the time, to drink and play games. The relationship between the two was not bad at first, but Liu Xian's masters were both from Chu, which made him develop a frivolous and aggressive personality. And very arrogant.

When the two of them were playing a game, they were arguing about the chess moves. Liu Xian made extremely rude remarks and had a very disrespectful attitude. Liu Qi was also a strong-willed man. He couldn't hold it back and slapped him on the head with the chessboard. Because in his early years, Liu Qi... He often followed his father Liu Heng in the country of Dai to stop the Huns and used force, so the chessboard was torn into pieces, and Liu Xian's head was also red and white.

Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty was angry and angry, but he had no choice but to understand the cause and effect, and that both sides were at fault. But the matter had come to this, so he had no choice but to send someone to send his body back to the State of Wu for burial.

King Wu Liu Bi was very angry and said: "The princes of the emperor are from the same family. If they die in Chang'an, they will be buried in Chang'an. Why send it to Wu State for burial." So Liu Bi sent someone to send Liu Xian's body back to Chang'an for burial.

However, Liu Bi became resentful and gradually lost the etiquette expected of a vassal. He claimed to be ill many times and refused to come to see Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty. The court knew that he was sick and refused to enter the court because his son was beaten to death. After careful questioning and verification, Liu Bi was indeed not sick. Therefore, all the envoys of Wu State were detained and punished. Liu Bi was frightened by this and stepped up his rebellion plan.

Finally, through the superb political methods of Emperor Han Wen, he first released the captured Wu envoys and asked them to return to the Wu Kingdom. He also gave the King of Wu a piece of equipment and a cane, and allowed him not to come to see the emperor until he died of old age. Liu Bi was able to He was acquitted and had no reason to rebel, so he had to give up the rebellion plan.

Since the area under the jurisdiction of Wu State had copper mountains and salt, Liu Bi exempted the people of Wu from paying taxes, which made Liu Bi popular among the people in Wu. In addition, when Wu soldiers go to other places for garrison according to regulations, they will be given an equal monetary price by Liu Bi.

Not only that, he often visits the talented people in his jurisdiction every year and rewards them in the countryside. When officials from other counties wanted to hunt down fugitives, Liu Bi always took them in instead of handing them over to other counties. This practice has been done for more than thirty years, so Liu Bi can command his troops well.

After listening to Chao Cuo's more in-depth analysis this time, Emperor Han also understood the seriousness of the matter, and was ready to follow his advice and prepare to reduce the vassal status.

(End of this chapter)