city ​​spirit pupil

I saw it read: Binyang Zhongdong, built by Emperor Xuanwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty for the meritorious deeds of his father Emperor Xiaowen! Book* It started in 500 AD and lasted 24 years, employing 80 workers. Due to the palace coup and the death of host Liu Teng, only one of the three planned caves was completed, namely the Binyang Middle Cave. The main statues in the South Cave and the North Cave were not completed until the early Tang Dynasty.

Inside the Binyang Middle Cave is a horseshoe-shaped plane, a dome, and a lotus cover made of double-petaled large lotus carved in the center. Around the lotus are eight Jiletians and two offering celestial beings. graceful posture

Inside the cave is the theme of the Buddha of the third generation, that is, the past, present and future. The main Buddha is Sakyamuni. He is the founder of Buddhism. Confucius lived at the same time and was 12 years older than Confucius. He became a monk at the age of 29. After six years, he became a Buddha and founded Buddhism.

Since the Northern Wei Dynasty advocated thinness as beauty, the main Buddha Sakyamuni had thin cheeks, a slender neck, and a slender body with dense clothing patterns. The carving technique used the straight knife method of the Northern Wei Dynasty. A series of Sinicization policies, so the costumes of the main Buddha in the cave changed from the right-shoulder cassock like that of the Buddha statues in Yungang Grottoes, and wore a cassock with wide robes and large sleeves. Smile, elegant and honest, there are statues on the left and right walls, one Buddha and two Bodhisattvas, standing on lotus pedestals in robes and cassocks

On the north and south sides of the front wall in the cave, there are four layers of exquisite reliefs from top to bottom. The first layer is a relief with the theme of the "Vimalakirti Sutra", called "Vimalakirti". The second layer is two Buddha Jatakas. The third floor of the story is the famous picture of emperors and empresses worshiping Buddha, and the fourth floor is the relief statues of "ten gods and kings". Serious and peaceful state of mind, accurate shape, exquisite production, representing the high level of development of life genre painting at that time, with important artistic value and historical value It is a pity that it was stolen abroad in the 40s and [-]s Now displayed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, and the Nelson Museum of Art, Kansas, USA

Fu Qingyang is very interested in the Binyang Middle Cave, the entire Longmen Grottoes, this is one of his favorite places, standing in the cave to soak -book_) can make his soul calm down instantly, just like a devout believer has come to the Holy See. The feeling can only be understood, but cannot be conveyed in words. Although Fu Qingyang doesn't know much about Sakyamuni of Buddhism, he admires the martial arts left by Sakyamuni. Although Sakyamuni is a great power of Buddhism, his Martial arts are nothing compared to his Buddhist cultivation, but in Fu Qingyang's heart, Sakyamuni left his impression on him as a warrior, which may have something to do with him being a warrior himself

At this point in the tour, Fu Qingyang did not visit deliberately, but followed his feeling. Although he had seen some places once, he couldn’t help but go there again. It’s like Fengxian Temple is also a cave that Fu Qingyang likes very much. The first temple is the largest and most exquisite group of cliff-shaped group sculptures in Longmen Grottoes, because it belonged to Fengxian Temple, the royal temple at that time, so it is commonly known as Fengxian Temple in Longmen Grottoes.

Unknowingly, Fu Qingyang looked at the introduction of this cave again, and saw that it said: This cave was built in the early days of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty. Empress Wu Zetian sponsored 1714 guan of fat powder for three years. More than ten meters long, the Buddha statue in the cave clearly embodies the artistic characteristics of Tang Dynasty Buddha statues. There are nine large statues here, and the main Buddha in the middle is Lusana Buddha, Sakyamuni's Sambhogakaya Buddha. According to Buddhist scriptures, Lusana means that the light shines all over. This Buddha statue is 4 meters high and its head is as high as The ears are 19 meters long and the ears are [-] meters long. The face of the Buddha statue is plump and round, with wavy hairlines on the top of the head. The eyebrows are curved like a moon and attached to a pair of beautiful eyes, staring slightly at the straight nose bridge below. The small mouth reveals a peaceful smile. Long and slightly drooping, the chin is round and slightly protruding forward, harmonious and peaceful, wearing a shoulder-length cassock with simple and luxurious clothing patterns, and the circles of concentric patterns set off the head portrait very vividly and vividly. The whole holy Buddha statue looks like a wise and kind middle-aged woman, which is admirable and not afraid. Some people commented that when shaping this Buddha statue, noble feelings, rich feelings, open mind and elegant appearance They are perfectly combined together, so she has great artistic charm. Kasyapa, the senior disciple who has experienced vicissitudes of life and is mature and prudent, Ananda, the gentle and intelligent disciple, Bodhisattva with reserved expression, graceful and luxurious, King of Heaven who is heroic and vigorous, aggressive Hercules and the Lord Buddha. Together, Lushena constitutes a group of artistic group images full of modality and texture. There are many small rectangular niches behind the nine-bodied statues in Fengxian Temple. This is about in the Song and Jin Dynasties. The shrine was built with wooden structure and eaves. These buildings affected the ventilation of the Buddha statues and increased the weathering of the Buddha statues, so they were later demolished. It has become a model of Chinese stone carving art and a symbol of the great era of the Tang Dynasty.

Just after Fu Qingyang finished reading the introduction, he suddenly felt two people coming over, standing next to him to read the introduction on the stone tablet. Fu Qingyang turned his head and saw that it was the middle-aged man and woman he saw earlier Seeing that Fu Qingyang was standing here, I was a little surprised. The couple had met Fu Qingyang more than once in the Longmen Grottoes. They left in a hurry, but this middle-aged couple was different, they were superb in martial arts, besides, this middle-aged couple saw that Fu Qingyang was very young, and they didn't seem to be conceited as if they knew any martial arts. It can also be easily resolved

In fact, it's no wonder that the middle-aged couple were careless. Fu Qingyang had already advanced to the alchemy stage, and his martial arts cultivation had reached the peak. The middle-aged couple obviously haven't reached the point where they can clearly see the reality of Fu Qingyang, so the two of them don't care about Fu Qingyang's existence at all

"Little brother, are you interested in the Longmen Grottoes?" The middle-aged man was also surprised when he saw Fu Qingyang seeing their husband and wife. He knew that the other party had noticed the two of them, so he couldn't help but strike up a conversation

"It's just a random look, I'm a little interested, but I don't have good qualifications, so I don't know how to appreciate it." Fu Qingyang felt that this middle-aged man seemed to be trying to test him. The reason why he stayed was out of excitement. What do middle-aged men and women want to do?

"Little brother is too modest. If you just look around casually, you won't be here for nearly a day." The middle-aged man obviously didn't believe Fu Qingyang's words. He felt that there might be two possibilities for Fu Qingyang's staying here. One is to be really interested in the grottoes here, and then to study seriously; the other is to be interested in the couple and monitor them. In fact, the middle-aged man is not sure which possibility it is

"Although I watched it for a day, I didn't see many famous places, but the two of you have already stayed in the Longmen Grottoes for nearly a day. I think the two of you must be experts in sculpture and painting?" Although Fu Qingyang knew the pair The middle-aged men and women must have intentions to appear here, but they pretended not to know, and asked respectfully.

"Hehe, I don't dare to be a big expert. We are just a hobby, just like you. Just take a look." The middle-aged man laughed dryly. What he said just now seemed to be a bit self-proclaimed. He said that Fu Qingyang stayed for nearly a day, so it must not be casual Take a look, but forget that you have already been here for a day

At this time, the middle-aged woman who had been observing Fu Qingyang also spoke, her observation was obviously more detailed than her husband's

"Little brother, I hear your accent, it seems that you are not a local?" The middle-aged woman's voice is very pleasant, and her appearance is quite beautiful. Although she is over [-] years old, the years have not left many marks on her body. The woman is half old, but she still has a charming charm. Fu Qingyang also felt the strong mature temperament from her, and stood with the middle-aged man, so he roughly guessed his age

"That's right, I'm not a local, but a tourist here," Fu Qingyang replied

"Where is that little brother from?" The middle-aged woman asked again

Fu Qingyang was taken aback by the middle-aged woman asking this question. He really didn't know where he was from since he was a child. He always walked around with his parents. It can be said that wherever he goes, he is a family. Specifically, where is his ancestral home? I don't know, but after thinking about it for a while, Fu Qingyang felt that he had the deepest affection for Dongzhou, so he replied: "I'm from Dongzhou."

"I hear your accent too." The middle-aged woman is obviously well-informed, and she can hear a bit from Fu Qingyang's accent.

Afterwards, Fu Qingyang exchanged some pleasantries with the middle-aged couple, and then separated from them. Then he intentionally moved to the vicinity of the Lotus Cave. According to Fu Qingyang's measurement, if the middle-aged couple wanted to do something, they would definitely not leave. When the scenic spot is closed, they will hide in the scenic spot, and then wait for the opportunity to take away the micro-carvings. Therefore, Fu Qingyang deliberately turned back, wanting to see if this middle-aged man and woman will play tricks

As Fu Qingyang expected, near the Lotus Cave, he saw the middle-aged man and woman again. This time, Fu Qingyang did not approach them, but kept them far away. The actions of the two (to be continued)

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