Time Bandit

Ji Qing did not join in the battle to sweep up the Kingdom of Jin, nor did Ji Qing pay attention to the reforms in Bianliang City. 26nbsp;

At this moment, he returned to the spaceship city, and in his bamboo building, wine and meat were served, and he began to drink.

After a while, Ji Qing's face and neck were red, and his eyes seemed to be unable to open.

Today, the first day he came to Da Song, he didn't feel very good. Although he vented a bit, this was just a change in the fate of Da Song and the women in this time and space.But his time and space is an irreversible fact that has already happened.

Therefore, Ji Qing was depressed and in a bad mood. He drank too much and didn't hangover, and he became what he is now.

There is only one time and space of the same type. For example, the time and space where such major historical events and events with historical significance occur, there is only one time and space in different time periods, one for the Anti-Japanese War, one for the end of Ming Dynasty, and one for Jingkang.Otherwise, Ji Qing wouldn't be exhausted.

However, this was enough. At least, it allowed Ji Qing to vent, redeem, and let go of some unchangeable wish.

However, at this moment, Ji Qing still felt uncomfortable.

I don't know how long it has passed, there are already a hundred empty jars in Ji Qing's bamboo building, and I don't know how much meat I ate.Fortunately, Ji Qing's mood also improved, at least she no longer felt uncomfortable.

Da Song, if it wasn't for his poor martial arts, and finally the shame of Jingkang that can never be washed away, Da Song's evaluation in later generations will be even higher, even surpassing the Han and Tang Dynasties.

Computing the economic conditions of the two Song Dynasties, we can know how rich and prosperous the Great Song Dynasty was, and even Ji Qing's time and space were envied by everyone.What a pity, what a pity.

The first thing to do is to convert the Song Dynasty currency into modern currency according to purchasing power.There are currently two recognized algorithms: the rice price benchmark price algorithm or the gold-silver price comparison algorithm.The gold-silver price comparison algorithm is quite confusing. Here, the rice price is used as the benchmark to calculate the purchasing power of the Song Dynasty currency.

The main currency in circulation in the Song Dynasty was copper coins, and the basic unit was money.During the stable period of the Song Dynasty, the price of rice was stable at 1000 yuan per stone.In the Song Dynasty, a stone of rice could be converted into 1 kilograms in modern times (many people mentioned "300600 kilograms", which actually means that a stone of wheat weighs 66 kilograms). Now the average price of rice in China is at least 48 yuan per catty, that is, at least 48 yuan /catties, taking inflation into account, let’s calculate it at 2 yuan/kg.That is to say, the purchasing power of 4 yuan is equivalent to 4 yuan, that is, the purchasing power of consistent money in the Song Dynasty is equivalent to the current purchasing power of 300600 yuan.

Then calculate the gross domestic product (gdp) of the Song Dynasty based on the amount, composition and various tax rates of the Song Dynasty's fiscal revenue.

Let me talk about the amount of fiscal revenue first.According to the records in "Song History Shihuo Zhi", the annual fiscal revenue of the Song Dynasty in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty was generally more than 7000 million yuan, of which it reached about 10000 million yuan during the reign of Zhezong.This is not obtained by increasing tax rates, but by making the tax system more reasonable through economic reforms, which in turn reduces the burden on poor households.

Let's talk about the composition of income.After the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, less than 3025% of national tax revenue came from agricultural tax, and more than 7025% came from industrial and commercial tax.In the Southern Song Dynasty, due to the reduction of land, the agricultural tax revenue was further reduced, accounting for only about 25%, and the tariff accounted for more than 1525%.

The taxation in the Song Dynasty was relatively high among all previous dynasties.The agricultural tax rate is about 425 (the figure obtained after deducting expenses is counted), but the Song Dynasty divided residents into five classes according to their property, and the richer they had to pay, the higher the tax rate, so the agricultural tax rate in the Song Dynasty was almost impossible to calculate. The commercial tax rate is relatively fixed, the residential tax is 325, and the overtax is 225. The average value can be 2525;

So we can roughly think that the tax rate in the Northern Song Dynasty is 2525, and the tax rate in the Southern Song Dynasty is 3525.

Then select several periods as examples for calculation and comparison.

The richest period of the Northern Song Dynasty should be during the reign of Zhezong and Huizong.Take Song Zhezong Shaosheng years (10941097) as an example, when the annual income was about 10000 million guan, divided by the tax rate of 2525, the value of gdp was about 40 billion guan.Because the economy was developed at that time, the price of rice was bound to be cheap. At that time, the purchasing power of Yitongqian could be equivalent to the current 880 yuan.In addition, due to loopholes in the tax system, some taxes must not be collected, so its gdp should be greater than the value of 40 billion. Multiply 40 billion by 880 to get 35 billion.

The population at that time can be based on the 16569874 households in the country recorded in "Yuanfeng Jiuyu Zhi", and the population is about 5 million based on 8500 people per household.Due to the small land and large population in the Song Dynasty, the population growth rate has been very low after the middle of the Song Dynasty. Generally, the family of the scholar-officials only gave birth to 2 boys and 1 girl, and ordinary families only gave birth to 1 boy and 1 girl. According to the population theory, such a fertility rate is An optimal situation that is more reasonable and can maintain a stable population size and structure.So even in Shaosheng's year, the population will not be much larger, let's say 9000 million.

It can be calculated that the per capita gdp in the late Northern Song Dynasty was 39110 yuan, equivalent to about 55 US dollars.

The most affluent period in the Southern Song Dynasty was the reign of Ningzong Jiading (1). Taking the 81224th year of Jiading (16) as an example, there were 1223 million households in the Song Dynasty, about 1267 million people.At that time, the annual fiscal revenue could reach 6500 million yuan. Dividing it by the average tax rate of 10000, and then dividing it by the population, it is not difficult to conclude that the per capita gdp in the mid-Southern Song Dynasty was 3525 yuan, equivalent to about 38680 U.S. dollars.

The peak per capita gdp in the ancient world was undoubtedly reached in the Northern Song Dynasty.The Ming Dynasty was only one-tenth of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty was about half of the Northern Song Dynasty.

There are several unimaginable miracles in the Northern Song Dynasty: 1. The tax revenue is 6 times that of the Tang Dynasty!And the people didn't starve to death. 2. The army exceeds 100 million, all of which are mercenaries, not volunteers from other dynasties.Therefore, the military pay is very large. 3. A large number of people are engaged in commerce and industry, and the population engaged in agriculture is much smaller than other dynasties. 4. There is no rebellion because of eating.All for other reasons. 5. International trade was developed in the Song Dynasty.Especially the southeast coast.During the Song Huizong and Song Qinzong periods, the total GDP of the Song Dynasty accounted for 8025 of the world.

This example is enough to prove the economic prosperity of the Song Dynasty.The gdp in the Qing Dynasty was almost 1/3 of the world. Although it was a lot, it was still not as good as the 8025 in the Song Dynasty.

According to Sun Longji, a famous historian, in "A Bird's Eye View of China's Millennium History": "In the Northern Song Dynasty, Chinese people already knew how to use coal to make steel. Large enterprises employed hundreds of full-time industrial workers, while the government's two military industries employed eight thousand Workers—this is already the scale of heavy industry. Taking 1078 as an example, the iron and steel industry in North China reached an annual output of 125 million tons, while Britain’s annual output was only 1788 tons in [-], the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.

In addition, mining and metallurgy, paper making, porcelain making, silk weaving, and navigation are also highly developed.

China in the Song Dynasty was the home of pre-modern "high technology": although papermaking, printing, gunpowder, and the compass were mostly invented in the previous generation, they became large-scale manufacturing industries in the Song Dynasty.The Song Dynasty sailed south, Lai Jiang defended against Hu Qi, and established an independent naval government for the first time in Chinese history. The standard firearms on warships were thunderbolt guns.

In addition to national defense, the Southern Song Dynasty, which had lost the Central Plains, relied more and more on ocean-going trade for taxation. During the Gaozong era, it accounted for 25% of the government's fiscal revenue in cash.

In the Tang Dynasty, only one port in Guangzhou was opened for ocean trade, and in the Northern Song Dynasty, nine ports were added, including Hangzhou, Mingzhou, Quanzhou, Banqiao (near Qingdao), and Huating (now Shanghai).In order to expand trade volume in the Southern Song Dynasty, a Shenying Port was even built on Hainan Island.

The Southern Song Dynasty rewarded major events in maritime trade. Regardless of the government or the people, those who can attract foreign businessmen to increase the treasury income to a certain amount will be promoted to rank. The government is responsible for repairing the seaport, building warehouses, setting up lighthouses along the coast, and setting up naval villages on sea islands. , Escort the incoming and outgoing merchant ships. "

Therefore, there is no doubt that the gdp of the entire Song Dynasty was much larger than that of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The Great Song Dynasty was the richest and most prosperous era in Chinese history, and it was also the era in which ordinary people lived the best lives.Hiding wealth among the people refers to the Great Song Dynasty. . .

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