Lin Gao Qiming

Chapter 1316 Silicon Steel Sheet

The rolling mill of the Ma Niao Iron and Steel Consortium is very large, and it is very modern according to the standards of this time and space.Because almost all of its main equipment was unloaded from the ship and installed.However, according to the old time and space standards, this rolling mill is a typical backward production capacity that should be eliminated.According to several well-informed industry veterans, once you walk in, it's like going back to the township steel factory in the 90s.Even the supporting power equipment is powered by steam engines-before the establishment of the large power grid in the 90s, all places relied on their own urban power plants for power supply, and even civilian electricity could not be fully guaranteed.Therefore, many small iron and steel factories in towns and villages at that time used steam engines as power.China's most successful private steel company, Shagang Group, initially used a steam engine to drive its rolling mills.

The veterans of the metallurgical gate dare not think of continuous casting and rolling, so this rolling mill uses steel ingots for processing and forging wrought iron.Several huge wrought iron truss-type workshops are installed with the main rolling equipment of the rolling mill: 2 preliminary forging machines, 2 hot-rolling mills, 2 hot-piercing machines, 2 cold-rolling steel mills, and 2 cold-drawn steel pipe machines Taiwan, 2 cold-drawn bar machines, 2 cold-rolled steel pipe machines.It can roughly cold-roll and hot-roll steel plates, strip steel, wire rods and various section steels of various common specifications.

Although the equipment is complete, most of the equipment is not frequently used. Firstly, there are very few workers who can use these equipment. The supporting equipment is very complicated, including a series of supporting projects such as annealing and pickling, which seriously hinder the full-load operation of the equipment.Finally, regardless of hot rolling or cold rolling, lubricating oil and coolant are needed. Although Lingao Industry can currently supply substitutes for these things, except for cooling water, which can be supplied openly, other grease lubricants are used. Subject to supply quotas.As a result, many devices are in the state of starting and stopping.The technical requirements of cold rolling are higher than that of hot rolling, and the post-processing requires a high technical level. The cold rolling yield of rolling mills has not been high.This is why Ji Wusheng decided to only manufacture hot-rolled silicon steel sheets.

The process of hot-rolling silicon steel sheets is also very complicated, and the production cycle is as long as 12 to 15 days. If silicon steel sheets for transformers are produced, the time may be as long as 20 days. Therefore, a special annealing furnace must be provided to avoid long-term occupation.It took a long time for the steel complex to manufacture and debug these supporting equipment.

When hot rolling, a hot rolling method is used.The silicon steel ingot is loaded into a heating furnace for preheating, and the temperature of the heating furnace should be kept at 950°C to 1020°C, so that the final rolling temperature can be controlled above 700°C.

The heating furnace adopts a chain type, and the thermal efficiency of this heating furnace is not high.The advantage is that it heats evenly, which is more suitable for industrial standards like Lingao.The rolling of silicon steel plate requires high uniformity of heating.Losing some thermal efficiency is also a helpless choice.

First, the silicon steel ingot is rolled into a billet of a certain size through a rolling mill, and then rolled into a thin slab with a transverse rolling mill, and then hot-rolled, so that the tolerance of the slab can be controlled to a level of ±0.3mm.Roughly meet the tolerance control requirements.

After the slabs are rolled and formed, they are stacked and formed according to a certain number of slabs, and then the slabs are heated to the rated temperature in a heating furnace for formal hot rolling.

After hot-rolling and forming, natural stacking cooling is required first, but this process is not conducive to decarburization, so the veteran technicians at the metallurgical port chose the rapid water cooling technology once used by Shanghai Silicon Steel Works.The hot-rolled silicon steel sheet is plunged into water for rapid cooling within 10 seconds.This process not only reduces the natural cooling time, but also greatly improves the decarburization level.

However, since putting it into water is equivalent to one quenching, the hardness of the steel plate will increase greatly, which has little effect on the silicon steel of the motor, but it will affect the machinability of the silicon steel of the transformer with higher silicon content, so it is only used in the silicon steel of the motor production.

After cooling, the silicon steel plate is lifted manually for the first component inspection to determine whether the element content is appropriate, and then it is hot-rolled and leveled again, and finally enters the annealing furnace for annealing.

Annealing is a key step in the decarburization of silicon steel sheets. The silicon steel sheets must be qualified by reducing the carbon content to 0.02% during the annealing process.The veterans of the industry agreed that the condition of Lingao can be more relaxed-in any case, it is stronger than low-carbon steel.The stacking method is still used for annealing. The annealing furnace of the Ma Niao Steel Rolling Plant uses gas as fuel for heating—if you are careful, you can use pure hydrogen for heating and annealing, and the decarburization effect is the best.Ji Wusheng can only be satisfied with gas

退火的时候将温度按照每小时升温15℃～30℃速度逐步升温到690℃～750℃，然后保持11小时，再以每小时10℃～15℃的速度降低温度到完全冷却。

The temperature control of the annealing furnace is very labor-intensive. Lingao Industry does not have automatic temperature control equipment. It depends entirely on manpower to check the thermometer to increase or decrease the gas volume of the heating nozzle to control the temperature. It is difficult to achieve accurate temperature control in a small range.

After 20 days of continuous tossing like this, the first batch of silicon steel sheets for motors was produced.Ji Wusheng immediately sent someone to Ge Xinxin to analyze the components of the spectrum method.

The compositional analysis results were unsatisfactory. According to the standards of the old time and space, the silicon steel sheets produced by the metallurgical gate for several months and spent a lot of manpower and material resources were waste products.Magnetic tests were then carried out.The results were even more disastrous, and the test results for the best part of the magnetism were also unsatisfactory.The veterans of the electric power port who are eagerly looking forward to the silicon steel sheet are pouring cold water, holding ice in their arms: most of the silicon steel sheets made with great effort cannot even be compiled with the national standard and even the brand name, and about 10% barely meet it Low grade silicon steel.The most tragic thing is that about 20% of the finished products have mechanical problems, which are waste products that cannot be processed.

Such a failed trial production is the first time in Lingao's industrial history.However, the veterans of Metallurgical Gate knew that the above-mentioned strength was not enough. To further improve the quality, the only way to improve the quality was to wait for the overall industrial level to rise to a higher level and then slowly explore and improve.

"This is messing with the electrical industry." Qian Liushi said with a sad face when he saw the test report.

Faraday is not as pessimistic as he: "I think it's okay, no matter what, it's better than nothing, this is the first; second, the worst is better than low-carbon steel, isn't it?"

"That's right, but with such performance, is there still a possibility of you copying off-the-shelf motor design?" Qian Liushi said, "I think it's very hanging."

"Although this silicon steel sheet is not the silicon steel sheet we hoped for, it is still not low-carbon steel." Faraday said, "Of course, they are limited better than silicon steel sheet. But it is still a hope. Only babies can have adults, right? Low-carbon steel sheets From steel to silicon steel, that is a qualitative leap, we have to work hard to adapt to the existing conditions."

"That's the only way. It's just that the motor needs to be redesigned." Qian Liushi said, "Silicon steel sheet is the only thing. Let's not make too complicated expectations. How do you plan to solve the permanent magnet of the permanent magnet motor?"

"I checked the information. Shilu iron ore is 42% pure magnetite, which is a very good sintering raw material for ferroferric oxide. You can use this as a permanent magnet first. Of course, the efficiency is not good, but our Silicon steel sheets without trademarks are all ready to be launched, which is even less of a problem.”

"The Shilu Iron Mine has not yet been developed. And I heard that it is difficult to transport it overseas, so the planning institute did not put it in the first five-year plan."

Although more than one veteran suggested that the development of Shilu be brought forward in the First Five-Year Plan since the stable supply of slaves in Southeast Asia, but after the engine operation, another veteran brought up the old matter again.But the Planning Council has always vetoed this.

The main difficulty in the development of Shilu Iron Mine lies not in mining, but in the transportation of iron ore——Shilu Iron Mine is located in the mountains, not only not close to the sea like Tiandu, but also surrounded by rugged mountains.Railways must be built for large-scale outbound transportation.At the beginning, the Japanese built the Hachisho Line by filling their lives.

If it is possible to get Shi Lu to Basuo or Shi Lu to Tiandu by only consuming human lives, the Planning Institute will not hesitate.It was the huge consumption of materials for the railway that made Wu De discouraged, not to mention some engineering problems—such as how to construct the tunnel.Moreover, the Eighth Institute is not a good natural port, and has to be repaired artificially to allow ore ships to use it.

Right now, the Planning Institute can only be satisfied with building a simple road leading to Shilu in Changhua first, and do a good job of basic transportation between the two places, so as to ensure the influence of the Senate on this area.

"That's true." Qian Liushi thought for a while, "But magnetite is not a rare thing, and it's not hard to find it if you look hard. If it doesn't work, we'll take a company and go to Changhua with people on horseback. Go to Shilu by land over there, and transport a dozen tons out for use first. This will not require much investment and project approval.”

The report of the silicon steel project also arrived at the office of the manufacturing director immediately.The mechanical port is not as picky as the electric port. From Zhan Wuya's point of view, the first thing to do right now is to discuss whether it is good or not.Now he urgently needs to expand the power supply to supply the non-ferrous metal smelting industry. In addition to providing electrolytic copper, he also hopes to obtain non-ferrous metals such as nickel and cobalt to smelt stainless steel-the demand for stainless steel in the chemical industry has been raised for a long time.A large number of pipes and containers that require corrosion resistance in chemical equipment need to be made of stainless steel.If we continue to stay at the level of manufacturing ceramic or glass equipment, Lingao's chemical industry is essentially just enlarged laboratory production, and it is impossible to complete the self-replication of the chemical industry, let alone upgrade.

Therefore, as soon as the trial production of silicon steel sheets was successful, he immediately reported to the Planning Institute, requesting that the electrolytic copper workshop project be officially launched.

(End of this chapter)