Lin Gao Qiming

Chapter 2528 Complicated Situation

"I understand that the basis of factors determines the law of economic development." Lin Motian listened thoughtfully, "But she must have a reason for choosing this place."

"I know the reason. To be honest, it is also related to our current situation." Zhang Xiao said, "One is the agricultural export and light industry departments and the plan to establish a cotton textile industry, so her going there actually represents the two It’s a department’s opinion. After all, Xiangshan has a lot of sandy land, so it’s not enough to grow other things, but it’s okay to grow cotton.”

"This is the idea of ​​shedding one sheep and driving two sheep." Lin Motian laughed.

"Hehe, our Senate has always been like this. I always want to slap five flies to death." Zhang Xiao smiled wryly.

"It's easy to indigestion."

"Indigestion is certain. Look at our current situation. It is said that we have taken all of Guangdong and Guangxi and created a miracle. In fact, it can also be said that people are not strong enough, and the current situation is impossible to advance or retreat." Zhang Xiao sighed, "At the beginning I was I am very opposed to starting the strategy of Guangdong and Guangxi so early—at least another four or five years to lay a good foundation in all aspects. I won’t have to focus on one thing and lose another now.”

"Of course there are advantages to staying on, but there are also disadvantages. As for the disadvantages, there are some things that are inconvenient to say." Lin Motian smiled rather reservedly.

"I probably know if you don't tell me." Zhang Xiao also smiled, "After all, people are not machines, and they all have selfish and distracting thoughts. Distribution is also a big problem, so the people in power are anxious to make the cake bigger."

"It's good that you understand." Lin Motian actually has opinions on the timing of launching the Guangdong-Guangzhou Raiders--the premature launch of the mainland campaign actually greatly reduced the set of health care that they managed to establish with great difficulty. is diluted.Not to mention the huge pressure brought by the sudden prevention and control of infectious and endemic diseases after the mainland strategy.

"Let's not gossip, let me tell you why Xiangshan is not a suitable place." Zhang Xiao said, "The Pearl River Delta is still in the process of silting up, and the current coastline is very different from that in 400 years. The coastline is roughly in the northern part of Zhongshan. That is Xiangshan in the Ming Dynasty. The eighteen sands of the West Sea in the north of Zhongshan have all formed flat fields after the Song Dynasty, and the sixteen sands of the East China Sea have basically emerged into fields. However, although the northern Xiaolan, Guzhen, Nantou, Henglan, There are large areas of Shatan production in Huangpu, the port, the triangle, and the public, but the settlements are very few. Only Xiaolan, Guzhen, Haizhou, and Huangpu, which are close to the edge and on a higher terrain, were built after the establishment of the village in the Song Dynasty. It has been greatly developed. As we all know, mulberry fishponds are a labor-intensive production method. The mulberry garden should be close to the silkworm house and not too far from the residential area. You know what this means. In addition, the Sixteen Sands of the East China Sea It is located in the constantly floating Shatian area, and there are no hills to protect it, so it is greatly threatened by the salt tide. The most important thing is that this area of ​​Shatian is owned by foreign landowners, and the tyrants from Panyu, Nanhai, Xinhui, and Shunde counties have all come to Xiangshan to take up farming. , Suitian sent his family to the above-mentioned counties. Although the local farmers may have built embankments for reclamation, the landlords colluded with the government to buy a large piece of floating Shatan at a low price, and often referred to the land that the farmers had cultivated as useless land. Master the wasteland and take it as your own."

Speaking of this, Zhang Xiao turned the words back: "But then again, I can understand why Li Yaoer didn't choose Xiqiao."

"Why? Don't be too tight-lipped."

"Because Fang Hao, a man of the Ming Dynasty, said: 'The Xiqiao is not the Xiqiao of Lingnan, but the Xiqiao of the world. The Xiqiao is not the Xiqiao of the world, but the Xiqiao of the world'!" Zhang Xiao said with a serious face. replied.

"The water is deep? The pit is big?"

"The water is so deep and the pit is so big, it can't fit in a pot."

In the early years of time travel, Zhang Xiao assisted Zhang Haogu, Li Zhuoxian and other veterans to sort out the historical materials of the Ming Dynasty because of his interest, and he had a fairly good understanding of the situation in the Pearl River Delta region.

People in Guangzhou call Luofu Mountain, which is called Dongqiao, and Jinshi Mountain, which is called Xiqiao by people from Guangzhou.Xiqiao is located in the area where the Xijiang and Beijiang waterways flow. It is a typical Lingnan water town. There are more than ten rivers in the area, with a total length of more than 100 kilometers. It connects the villages in the area and can reach Foshan and Guangzhou. and so on.Xiqiao Mountain produces stone and tea, which are sold far and near through waterways and markets.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 78 fairs in the whole territory, even compared with the Lingao Special City District under the rule of the Senate, it is not inferior. It can be seen that geographical conditions have an extraordinary impact on commercial prosperity.

The economic base determines the superstructure. During the Zhengde and Jiajing years of Xiqiao Mountain, there were many academies and jingshe on the mountain. The most famous of them are the four academies, namely the Dake Academy founded by Zhan Ruoshui, Yungu Academy, and Shiquan Academy founded by Fang Xianfu. , Sifeng Academy founded by Huo Tao.The Four Academies prospered because of Fang, Zhan, and Huo's advocacy of learning. During this period, Guangdong famous scholars came out in large numbers, and the Four Academies became an important lecture place for Guangdong scholar-bureaucrats in the following decades.Liu Zixiu in the Qing Dynasty commented: "When Zhanzi lectured, five parties gathered together, and the name of the great science in the mountain almost rivaled Yuelu and Bailu, so Xiqiao was called the mountain of Taoism." Fang Xianfu's "Xiqiao Posthumous Manuscripts" It records the situation of his discussion with Zhan Ruoshui and Huo Tao in Xiqiao: "The three courtyards stand together, and I have frequent exchanges with the three of them. During the lecture period, I have been practicing in Tibet for more than ten years." When Wang Yangming wrote to Zhan Ruoshui, he said: "Uncle Xian (Fang Xianfu) Zhi Jie is far away from popular customs. Although Wei Xian (Huo Tao) has not been with him for a long time, he is a loyal and trustworthy person when he sees him. You can waste your time and easily miss this great opportunity, which will make future generations feel sorry for future generations!" It can be seen that Wang Yangming has high expectations for the three people's academic discussions, and hopes that they will cherish the opportunity and get together from time to time, so as to leave a good story for future generations of scholars .

The common feature of these people is that they are masters of Neo Confucianism and have prominent official careers.Zhan Ruoshui successively served as the minister of rites, officials, and soldiers in Nanjing, and founded the "Oasis School" of Neo-Confucianism, which is called "Wang Zhan's Learning" together with Wang Yangming's "Yangming School".Huo Tao, Fang Xianfu, and Liang Chu were also known as the "Sange Elders" of Nanhai County in the Ming Dynasty.

In the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 290 official and private academies in Guangdong, far exceeding the sum of the Tang, Song and Yuan dynasties, and there were [-] in Nanhai County.Although affected by the political struggles of the Ming Dynasty, private academies across the country were banned and destroyed in the Jiajing and Wanli dynasties, and the number of Guangdong academies in the Tianqi and Chongzhen dynasties has declined, and the style of teaching has declined, but the significance of the existence of the academies is To train the reserve team for the feudal ruling class, and at the same time, it also undertakes the role of subtly influencing the people and the whole society, transforming the people and guiding customs, and promoting feudal ethics.The academic rules, rules, regulations, and even the couplets, inscriptions, and plaques of the academy all reflect a certain value and enlightenment, affecting generations of students and people, and have a major impact on their personality, morality, and temperament. influences.In the early years of Jiajing, Wei Xiao, the envoy of Guangdong Tixue, changed Guanyin Pavilion, Wuxing Temple, Yingzhen Temple, Tianzhu Temple and Renhuang Temple into five academies: Lianxi, Yichuan, Mingdao, Chongzheng and Hui'an, and enshrined Zhou Dunyi and Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao, and Zhu Xi, the sacrificial activities of the academy are open to the public. In addition to the insiders of the academy, officials, gentry, scholars, and ordinary people also have the opportunity to participate. People from different walks of life participate in the sacrificial activities of the academy, in fact, they are receiving ethics and moral education With the baptism of Confucianism, the influence of academy sacrifices far exceeds the scope of mourning the sages and inheriting academics. It can be said that it has played a role similar to that of Western churches.

Cantonese, who had been deeply influenced by Confucian culture and created their own ideological and cultural traditions in the mid-Ming Dynasty for more than 100 years, no longer regarded themselves as Nanman people.They can discuss Taoism and learning with the top Neo Confucianists, and they can also exchange money with literary giants.Accompanied by the decline of the wind of lectures, the rise of the wind of literature and the prosperity of the Guangdong Poetry Society.From Jiajing to the end of Ming Dynasty, there were more than a dozen poetry clubs in Fucheng, Guangzhou. Their founders were more or less connected with Xiqiao Mountain.

Another important social change is that from the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there was a trend of rural militarization in Guangdong.After the Huang Xiaoyang uprising broke out, the Ming court could not suppress it and had to resort to local tyrants. Under the leadership of local gentry, some villages and towns quickly formed local military organizations and fought desperately against Huang Xiaoyang's uprising army.After Huang Xiaoyang's uprising was suppressed, it was followed by the reorganization of local order and the redistribution of local power.The famous Foshan town firmly stood by the imperial court in this turmoil. In return, their gods were enshrined, and the local tyrants' control over the local area was further expanded.

Jiujiang in the South China Sea, like Foshan, took advantage of the dangers of mountains and rivers to participate in the suppression of Huang Xiaoyang.Huang Xiaoyang failed to attack Guangzhou, scattered looting, and attacked Jiujiang by water.The Jiujiang people guarded Lishan, Mashan, and Zhenshan, and they were defeated.After Huang Xiaoyang's death, Lishan was renamed "Zhongliangshan", and Jiujiang also got rich rewards.In the first year of Jingtai, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty bestowed Jiujiang in the South China Sea as "Scholar Township".Due to constant turmoil and rampant banditry, the militarization of rural areas in Guangdong reached its peak during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Local villages built villages to protect themselves, forming the characteristics of "no village, no village", which greatly enhanced the strength of local armed forces. .

The fish catchers in the Xijiang River were Dan people, and the Ming court forced them into household registration and collected fish rice.However, a large number of Dan households along the river participated in Huang Xiaoyang's uprising. After the uprising failed, these Dan households fled one after another and broke away from the household registration control of the Ming court. In this situation, Liu Daxia, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, ordered the people of Jiujiang to inherit the fish ports on both sides of the Xijiang River, from Fengchuan to Gaoming for five or six hundred miles, and the fish ports were eight or nine hundred.Since then, the people of Jiujiang Township have monopolized the fishing rights of fish flowers, and have formed a very large folk force since then.

(End of this chapter)