my head
Chapter 275 Dunkirk
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If Zhang Jun wants to resolve this huge crisis, he must find out where the problem lies. Now Rommel is not around, and there is not even a person to discuss it. The entire process of the Kirk retreat, and then find a way to resolve the crisis.
In history, Hitler ordered the German army to stop attacking. This order caused controversy later, and was considered by many military historians as a stupid order for Hitler to intervene in military command arbitrarily.In fact, Hitler had his own considerations for this order, and it cannot be entirely attributed to him alone.First of all, after the battle in northern France became clear, the German army needed to preserve the strength of its armored forces for the next combat operation. The German General Command had planned that the b group army group would complete the final encirclement operation in a unified manner.Secondly, although the fragmented counterattacks of the coalition forces were not effective, they aggravated the concerns of some senior German commanders about the loss of armored forces, because the rapidly advancing armored forces left the infantry units far behind.
After Hitler visited the headquarters of Army Group A, he believed that it was necessary to stop the advancing armored forces to prevent the enemy from breaking through; at the same time, German Air Force Commander Goering assured that the Air Force could take on the task of destroying the coalition forces in the encirclement.Another reason that may also be considered to have contributed to Hitler's order was the fear that the armored forces would be trapped in the vertical and horizontal areas of the river outside Dunkirk and fall into positional warfare, making it impossible to quickly stop the retreat of the British and French troops.In addition, some people believed that Hitler had political plans.Let some British troops withdraw to the UK.Politically helpful in negotiating a peace with Great Britain.But.The decision was opposed by some, including the commanders of the front-line armored forces, who believed it should go ahead.
As a result of the execution of this order, the British and French allied forces retreated to Dunkirk under the pressure of the German Army Group B in front of them, while Army Group A, which cut off their retreat, was closer to Dunkirk, but in the west of Dunkirk. The canal area stopped attacking and did not gather troops to outflank along the coast, which gave the Anglo-French coalition a chance of survival.Fighting for survival, the coalition forces fortified their defensive positions close to Dunkirk.Although the German armored forces resumed their offensive on June 6 to prevent the retreat of the British and French forces from Dunkirk.But they faced the enemy's organized defenses and were unable to break through.The British and French forces successfully delayed the German attack and bought more time for the troops to withdraw from Dunkirk.
On June 6, the German armored forces cut off the connection between the Anglo-French allied forces and the French army on its southern flank. About forty divisions of the three armies of the Anglo-French allied forces were surrounded in the Flanders area on the French-Belgian border.Then the German army arrived on the coast of the English Channel, and the coalition forces were compressed in the coastal area around Dunkirk, 20 kilometers wide.As early as June 60, Lord Gott, the commander of the British Expeditionary Force, began to raise the possibility of retreat.The United Kingdom began to prepare to retreat from the sea, and the navy formulated a plan to organize the retreat, hoping to withdraw 6 people every day. On June 20, the British Navy ordered the evacuation operation code-named "Dynamo".
Britain's withdrawal plan faces several difficulties.First, the Luftwaffe sank many ships in the port area of Dunkirk, making access to the waterway very difficult.The u-submarines that haunt the nearby waters also pose a great threat to any surface ships.The beach area west of Dunkirk is not deep enough, and the Royal Navy's destroyers and transport ships can only berth 1.6 kilometers away from the coast.The most serious problem is that the number of ships that Britain can use is too small.
The execution of the evacuation plan was under the command of Vice Admiral Bertram Ramsey at Dover.The first step was to mobilize transport vehicles, food and medical facilities to Dover for the imminent arrival of large numbers of troops.Next he established a very effective communications network to keep the operation going.On the first day, the Luftwaffe bombarded Dunkirk violently, turning the port into ruins and preventing the coalition forces from retreating. The British naval warships were unable to approach the beach due to their deep draft, and the retreat was slow. Only more than 6 people were evacuated on June 27.The most optimistic estimate of the British is that 7000 troops can be successfully evacuated before the Germans occupy the beach area. However, judging from the operational efficiency of the first day, it will take 46000 days for the British to evacuate all the personnel.If the British were unable to bring most of the expeditionary force back home, the basic defense capabilities on land would likely be destroyed in the face of a possible German ground offensive later on.
Lieutenant General Ramsey made an urgent appeal to the civilian population for any available boats, and all the warships and civilian ships that could be drawn were mobilized, as were countless amateur sailors and private boat owners, in barges, freighters, motorboats, fishing boats, and even flower boats. There are more than 860 green yachts and even river boats.Braving the attack of German planes, submarines and cannons, they shuttled back and forth between the straits and sent batches of coalition officers and soldiers back to the British mainland.The British Army employs all forces on the ground, sea and air to support this retreat,
On June 6, bad weather in the Dunkirk area prevented the German air strikes and nearly 28 people were able to evacuate.After the retreat began, the Germans stepped up their ground offensive and attacked the British and French convoys from the air and sea.The British army tried its best to stick to its east and west fronts to maintain the passage to retreat to the coast of the strait, and stepped up the boarding work of troops. Embark on the jetty.The bombs dropped by the German army exploded on the beach by the sea and their power was greatly reduced. On June 7000, 6 men were evacuated, while an estimated 29 non-commissioned officers were being sent off the French coast every hour. On June 7000, the fog caused reduced visibility and prevented the German air strike again, and the coalition forces withdrew nearly 2000 people. On June 6, the number of retreaters reached 30.
The encirclement of Dunkirk gradually narrowed, but the Germans could not prevent the Allied forces from withdrawing their troops by sea.In order to cover the ground retreat, the British Air Force dispatched a total of 2739 sorties of fighter jets for air cover, an average of 300 sorties per day, which effectively resisted the German air strikes.Despite heavy losses under the attack of the Luftwaffe, more than 6 people were evacuated on 1 June.
由于德军空袭和逼近敦刻尔克海滩的炮火,6月2日撤退开始转而利用夜间进行。其后三天联军利用暗夜的掩护每天将二万6000人撤往英国。 6月4日德军攻克敦刻尔克,担任殿后而来不及撤离的四万法**队被俘。
The retreat began on June 6 and ended on June 26, a total of 6 days.A total of 4 troops were evacuated from Dunkirk to the UK this time, including about 9 British troops, 338,226 French troops, and 21.6 Belgian troops.The United Kingdom, France, Belgium and the Netherlands simultaneously mobilized 9 ships of various types, including small vessels such as fishing boats, passenger ships, yachts and lifeboats.In just 6 days, this unprecedented "Dunkirk Fleet" rescued 3.3 troops from the crisis of death, preserved a large amount of combat effectiveness for the Allied counterattack in the future, and created a huge battle in the history of World War II. Miracle.
……
After trying to understand the cause and effect of the matter, Zhang Jun determined that it was impossible for Britain to negotiate peace with Germany, and Hitler's wish was just wishful thinking. With Britain losing a large number of elite troops, Zhang Jun can be sure that Britain's war potential will be greatly reduced After all, Britain has a population of tens of millions, and it is possible to organize millions of new troops, but it is really unknown how much combat power the recruits will have without veterans leading them.
People in later generations are also exaggerating, saying that after the loss of 30 troops in Dunkirk, Britain will be unable to resist the German attack. This statement is one-sided and incomplete. As the number one colonialist country, the United Kingdom, There is also a population of 4700 million, plus the population of the colonies is 4 million, a large number of colonies, aid from the United States, etc., Zhang Jun can be sure that even if Britain loses the 30 elites in Dunkirk, it will still choose to resist. It will also arm a large number of troops in a short period of time. With the support of the United States, Britain has this strength. There is no doubt about this.
It is already June 6rd. According to the report of the meteorological department, from the 23th of this month, pseudo-bad weather will appear in the English Channel. At that time, all planes will be unable to take off because of the bad weather. If at this time If there is no attack, all British ships will swagger in the port of Dunkirk in five days.
The time is only five days, and now the strength of British aircraft is not weak. Previously, for various reasons, the air force of the British and French coalition forces did not play a big role. Now all the aircraft of the British and French coalition forces will be concentrated in the Dunkirk area. The air strength of the coalition forces will be greatly strengthened, instead of the previous scattered use, and the air force of the British and French coalition forces, with the strong support of the United States, is much stronger than the Soviet Union. At this time, the number of various aircraft owned by Britain and France has reached more than 3000 , and more than 2800 German aircraft went due to some losses in the war.
Of course, Germany's "Liu Ye" and bf109 are more advanced than the aircraft of these two countries, but the jet aircraft p59 of the United States and the Meteor of the United Kingdom are also very good, and the replenishment speed of the aircraft of Germany is even five times that of these three countries None of them arrived.
Under such circumstances, Zhang Jun also understood Hitler's painstaking efforts. If he wanted to attack the Anglo-French coalition forces in the Dunkirk encirclement, it meant that Zhang Jun had to invest all of his 2800 air force planes in the Dunkirk area and the Anglo-French forces at one time. The air force of the coalition forces fought a strategic decisive battle. At the same time, all tanks, armored vehicles, and infantry launched a comprehensive onslaught on the Dunkirk area, annihilating all the British and French coalition forces in the Dunkirk area in one fell swoop.
How big the loss will be, this is the key, because Hitler ordered Zhang Jun not to fight Dunkirk, and Zhang Jun, as the supreme commander of the front line, was determined to fight, that is, he directly resisted Hitler's order, anyway, Zhang Jun is not First disobedience, if Zhang Jun wins the fight and pays very little, then Zhang Jun will be fine, and Zhang Jun will suffer a lot, no matter whether he wins or loses, Zhang Jun's life will not be easy, Adding insult to injury is the strong point of the gangsters of the National Defense Forces.
... (To be continued..)
If Zhang Jun wants to resolve this huge crisis, he must find out where the problem lies. Now Rommel is not around, and there is not even a person to discuss it. The entire process of the Kirk retreat, and then find a way to resolve the crisis.
In history, Hitler ordered the German army to stop attacking. This order caused controversy later, and was considered by many military historians as a stupid order for Hitler to intervene in military command arbitrarily.In fact, Hitler had his own considerations for this order, and it cannot be entirely attributed to him alone.First of all, after the battle in northern France became clear, the German army needed to preserve the strength of its armored forces for the next combat operation. The German General Command had planned that the b group army group would complete the final encirclement operation in a unified manner.Secondly, although the fragmented counterattacks of the coalition forces were not effective, they aggravated the concerns of some senior German commanders about the loss of armored forces, because the rapidly advancing armored forces left the infantry units far behind.
After Hitler visited the headquarters of Army Group A, he believed that it was necessary to stop the advancing armored forces to prevent the enemy from breaking through; at the same time, German Air Force Commander Goering assured that the Air Force could take on the task of destroying the coalition forces in the encirclement.Another reason that may also be considered to have contributed to Hitler's order was the fear that the armored forces would be trapped in the vertical and horizontal areas of the river outside Dunkirk and fall into positional warfare, making it impossible to quickly stop the retreat of the British and French troops.In addition, some people believed that Hitler had political plans.Let some British troops withdraw to the UK.Politically helpful in negotiating a peace with Great Britain.But.The decision was opposed by some, including the commanders of the front-line armored forces, who believed it should go ahead.
As a result of the execution of this order, the British and French allied forces retreated to Dunkirk under the pressure of the German Army Group B in front of them, while Army Group A, which cut off their retreat, was closer to Dunkirk, but in the west of Dunkirk. The canal area stopped attacking and did not gather troops to outflank along the coast, which gave the Anglo-French coalition a chance of survival.Fighting for survival, the coalition forces fortified their defensive positions close to Dunkirk.Although the German armored forces resumed their offensive on June 6 to prevent the retreat of the British and French forces from Dunkirk.But they faced the enemy's organized defenses and were unable to break through.The British and French forces successfully delayed the German attack and bought more time for the troops to withdraw from Dunkirk.
On June 6, the German armored forces cut off the connection between the Anglo-French allied forces and the French army on its southern flank. About forty divisions of the three armies of the Anglo-French allied forces were surrounded in the Flanders area on the French-Belgian border.Then the German army arrived on the coast of the English Channel, and the coalition forces were compressed in the coastal area around Dunkirk, 20 kilometers wide.As early as June 60, Lord Gott, the commander of the British Expeditionary Force, began to raise the possibility of retreat.The United Kingdom began to prepare to retreat from the sea, and the navy formulated a plan to organize the retreat, hoping to withdraw 6 people every day. On June 20, the British Navy ordered the evacuation operation code-named "Dynamo".
Britain's withdrawal plan faces several difficulties.First, the Luftwaffe sank many ships in the port area of Dunkirk, making access to the waterway very difficult.The u-submarines that haunt the nearby waters also pose a great threat to any surface ships.The beach area west of Dunkirk is not deep enough, and the Royal Navy's destroyers and transport ships can only berth 1.6 kilometers away from the coast.The most serious problem is that the number of ships that Britain can use is too small.
The execution of the evacuation plan was under the command of Vice Admiral Bertram Ramsey at Dover.The first step was to mobilize transport vehicles, food and medical facilities to Dover for the imminent arrival of large numbers of troops.Next he established a very effective communications network to keep the operation going.On the first day, the Luftwaffe bombarded Dunkirk violently, turning the port into ruins and preventing the coalition forces from retreating. The British naval warships were unable to approach the beach due to their deep draft, and the retreat was slow. Only more than 6 people were evacuated on June 27.The most optimistic estimate of the British is that 7000 troops can be successfully evacuated before the Germans occupy the beach area. However, judging from the operational efficiency of the first day, it will take 46000 days for the British to evacuate all the personnel.If the British were unable to bring most of the expeditionary force back home, the basic defense capabilities on land would likely be destroyed in the face of a possible German ground offensive later on.
Lieutenant General Ramsey made an urgent appeal to the civilian population for any available boats, and all the warships and civilian ships that could be drawn were mobilized, as were countless amateur sailors and private boat owners, in barges, freighters, motorboats, fishing boats, and even flower boats. There are more than 860 green yachts and even river boats.Braving the attack of German planes, submarines and cannons, they shuttled back and forth between the straits and sent batches of coalition officers and soldiers back to the British mainland.The British Army employs all forces on the ground, sea and air to support this retreat,
On June 6, bad weather in the Dunkirk area prevented the German air strikes and nearly 28 people were able to evacuate.After the retreat began, the Germans stepped up their ground offensive and attacked the British and French convoys from the air and sea.The British army tried its best to stick to its east and west fronts to maintain the passage to retreat to the coast of the strait, and stepped up the boarding work of troops. Embark on the jetty.The bombs dropped by the German army exploded on the beach by the sea and their power was greatly reduced. On June 7000, 6 men were evacuated, while an estimated 29 non-commissioned officers were being sent off the French coast every hour. On June 7000, the fog caused reduced visibility and prevented the German air strike again, and the coalition forces withdrew nearly 2000 people. On June 6, the number of retreaters reached 30.
The encirclement of Dunkirk gradually narrowed, but the Germans could not prevent the Allied forces from withdrawing their troops by sea.In order to cover the ground retreat, the British Air Force dispatched a total of 2739 sorties of fighter jets for air cover, an average of 300 sorties per day, which effectively resisted the German air strikes.Despite heavy losses under the attack of the Luftwaffe, more than 6 people were evacuated on 1 June.
由于德军空袭和逼近敦刻尔克海滩的炮火,6月2日撤退开始转而利用夜间进行。其后三天联军利用暗夜的掩护每天将二万6000人撤往英国。 6月4日德军攻克敦刻尔克,担任殿后而来不及撤离的四万法**队被俘。
The retreat began on June 6 and ended on June 26, a total of 6 days.A total of 4 troops were evacuated from Dunkirk to the UK this time, including about 9 British troops, 338,226 French troops, and 21.6 Belgian troops.The United Kingdom, France, Belgium and the Netherlands simultaneously mobilized 9 ships of various types, including small vessels such as fishing boats, passenger ships, yachts and lifeboats.In just 6 days, this unprecedented "Dunkirk Fleet" rescued 3.3 troops from the crisis of death, preserved a large amount of combat effectiveness for the Allied counterattack in the future, and created a huge battle in the history of World War II. Miracle.
……
After trying to understand the cause and effect of the matter, Zhang Jun determined that it was impossible for Britain to negotiate peace with Germany, and Hitler's wish was just wishful thinking. With Britain losing a large number of elite troops, Zhang Jun can be sure that Britain's war potential will be greatly reduced After all, Britain has a population of tens of millions, and it is possible to organize millions of new troops, but it is really unknown how much combat power the recruits will have without veterans leading them.
People in later generations are also exaggerating, saying that after the loss of 30 troops in Dunkirk, Britain will be unable to resist the German attack. This statement is one-sided and incomplete. As the number one colonialist country, the United Kingdom, There is also a population of 4700 million, plus the population of the colonies is 4 million, a large number of colonies, aid from the United States, etc., Zhang Jun can be sure that even if Britain loses the 30 elites in Dunkirk, it will still choose to resist. It will also arm a large number of troops in a short period of time. With the support of the United States, Britain has this strength. There is no doubt about this.
It is already June 6rd. According to the report of the meteorological department, from the 23th of this month, pseudo-bad weather will appear in the English Channel. At that time, all planes will be unable to take off because of the bad weather. If at this time If there is no attack, all British ships will swagger in the port of Dunkirk in five days.
The time is only five days, and now the strength of British aircraft is not weak. Previously, for various reasons, the air force of the British and French coalition forces did not play a big role. Now all the aircraft of the British and French coalition forces will be concentrated in the Dunkirk area. The air strength of the coalition forces will be greatly strengthened, instead of the previous scattered use, and the air force of the British and French coalition forces, with the strong support of the United States, is much stronger than the Soviet Union. At this time, the number of various aircraft owned by Britain and France has reached more than 3000 , and more than 2800 German aircraft went due to some losses in the war.
Of course, Germany's "Liu Ye" and bf109 are more advanced than the aircraft of these two countries, but the jet aircraft p59 of the United States and the Meteor of the United Kingdom are also very good, and the replenishment speed of the aircraft of Germany is even five times that of these three countries None of them arrived.
Under such circumstances, Zhang Jun also understood Hitler's painstaking efforts. If he wanted to attack the Anglo-French coalition forces in the Dunkirk encirclement, it meant that Zhang Jun had to invest all of his 2800 air force planes in the Dunkirk area and the Anglo-French forces at one time. The air force of the coalition forces fought a strategic decisive battle. At the same time, all tanks, armored vehicles, and infantry launched a comprehensive onslaught on the Dunkirk area, annihilating all the British and French coalition forces in the Dunkirk area in one fell swoop.
How big the loss will be, this is the key, because Hitler ordered Zhang Jun not to fight Dunkirk, and Zhang Jun, as the supreme commander of the front line, was determined to fight, that is, he directly resisted Hitler's order, anyway, Zhang Jun is not First disobedience, if Zhang Jun wins the fight and pays very little, then Zhang Jun will be fine, and Zhang Jun will suffer a lot, no matter whether he wins or loses, Zhang Jun's life will not be easy, Adding insult to injury is the strong point of the gangsters of the National Defense Forces.
... (To be continued..)
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