The leisurely life of rebirth.

Fang Monan and the others stepped over the threshold and entered the courtyard, walked around the screen wall, and quickly glanced at the low bungalows in the courtyard.

Feng Zhi's home was a typical courtyard in a small alley in the inner city of Old Yanjing.Those single-family courtyard houses that still survive today can only be enjoyed by the powerful and wealthy, the rich, the rich, or government agencies and institutions.

In the early morning, the courtyard is noisy and bustling.There were noisy footsteps and people's voices in the compound: some people carried their bicycles out of the gate, down the steps, and pedaled their bicycles to work, and the strong aroma of vegetables could be smelled in the air.There are those who occupy the faucets to wash clothes, and the faucets and water pipes are wrapped with thick torn clothes to prevent freezing.Some poured washing water under the big banyan tree in the yard, and some poured the urinal into the iron grate sewer...

The freshly washed clothes were hanging on the ropes, and they were freezing hard in no time.

Siheyuan architecture is an ancient and traditional cultural symbol of our country. "Four" is surrounded by east, west, north, south, and "he" is combined to form a zigzag shape, which is the basic feature of a courtyard house. [

The Siheyuan in Yanjing is a kind of courtyard building. The so-called Heyuan refers to a courtyard with houses built on all sides.

Rich people show their wealth and can build yards with three entrances and four entrances, which are also connected front and back.Plant flowers and fruit trees in the courtyard for viewing.

The whole family lives in the courtyard, and the people living in the courtyard are very comfortable. The gate is closed at night, and it is very quiet, which is suitable for family-centered reunion life.

to daytime.The flowers, plants and trees in the yard are very beautiful, the flowers are fragrant at night, and the air is fresh. At night, the family sits in the yard to enjoy the cool, rest, chat, drink tea, and have fun with the whole family. What the family members do in the yard is invisible to outsiders. very good.This is in line with the habits of Chinese people.

The most representative residential building in the Qing Dynasty is the palace-style mansion.This is the large and medium-sized courtyard house where bureaucrats, landlords, and wealthy businessmen lived.The courtyards are two, three or even multiple, grand and luxurious.It can also be said that the Qing Dynasty was the peak period of the development of courtyard houses in the capital.

Since the late Qing Dynasty, Huaxia gradually weakened.The development of courtyard houses also began to decline gradually.

Japanese imperialism invaded China.Great changes have taken place in Chinese society.Due to inflation.Prices are rising, and the economic situation of citizens is deteriorating. Many residents who used to live in single-family houses are no longer able to support more houses.I had no choice but to rent out the extra house to subsidize my living with rent.

There are fewer and fewer houses for residents, and more and more tenants in the courtyard.The single-family quadrangle began to become a multi-family complex, and the residential nature of the quadrangle changed.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to the change of ownership system, many palaces and houses left over from the Qing Dynasty changed from private property to public property.They are no longer occupied by the nobles in the past, but instead become public housing for state agencies, schools, hospitals, factories, kindergartens, clubs, etc.The change of use function creates an insoluble contradiction between the building itself and the needs of users. The final result is not that people obey the building, but that the building is transformed by people.

Those courtyards still used as residences are no longer exclusively occupied, but have become "big courtyards" where multiple families live.These changes in usage have made it difficult for courtyard houses to maintain the depth, tranquility, elegance and warmth of the past, and it has become a common phenomenon for courtyard houses to be divided, transformed, and carved up.

From the end of Qing Dynasty, Dazayuan gradually became the main place where people in Beijing lived.From a large perspective, the period from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the end of the Anti-Japanese War should be a period of rapid decline of the entire capital. The change of regime, the chaos of war, the predatory rule of the Japanese, the southward movement of the national political, economic and cultural center, etc., are all the capital. cause of decline.

From a small point of view, the general decline in the living standards of the bourgeoisie, the exodus of a large number of elites, and the civilianization of the aristocrats are the direct reasons for this situation.Of course, there are still neat and exquisite houses, but they are becoming less and less. By the 40s and 50s, single-family houses accounted for a minority in an alley.

Fang Monan was really lucky to be able to buy a complete courtyard in the 80s.

Siheyuan is a major feature of the Gener architecture of the imperial city. The courtyards in the capital are scattered all over the city. The porches with carved beams and painted columns, and the winding and quiet courtyards add a sense of elegance to the city.If you observe carefully, you will find that the typical layout of the courtyard is: the main house faces south, and the gate opens at the southeast corner.If you ask the elderly living in the courtyard, they will tell you that this kind of architectural layout is called "Kanzhai Xunmen", which is related to Fengshui.In feudal society, when choosing a site to build a house, the layout was generally followed, and some houses are still built according to this architectural model.

Feng Zhi led Fang Monan and the others to the east wing.The east and west wing rooms used to be the houses of the descendants, usually three rooms.The east wing is respected and the west wing is humble.

"Mom, I'm back." Feng Zhi called out in a low voice.

Aunt Feng lifted the thick curtain and took a look: "Xiao Zhi, why did you come back so early today? Come in, it's cold outside!"

The door curtain was patched and patched, and the hard black cotton could be seen inside.Judging from how old the cotton is, it is probably older than Feng Zhi's age.

"Xiao Zhi, who are these two!" Only then did Aunt Feng see the two behind her son, especially the tall and stern man. [

"Mom! This is..." Feng Zhi wanted to say the leader, but He Junyao said suddenly, "I am Feng Zhi's comrade-in-arms, and my surname is He."

"Hello! I'm Fang Monan."

"Come in, come in, Xiaozhi's comrade-in-arms." Aunt Feng greeted warmly.

A middle-aged mellow aunt in the room at the root of the south wall heard the movement and came out with a plate: "Xiao Zhi! Are you off the night shift? Do you want to eat scallion pancakes? Your Aunt Hua just baked them, and they are fragrant! There is still some leftovers. Order your favorite deep-fried pancakes!"

"Aunt Hua, have you eaten yet!" Feng Zhi greeted with a smile.

"Ah! There are guests at your house." Only then did Aunt Hua see the two people beside Feng Zhi.

"Yes! Xiao Zhi's comrade-in-arms." Aunt Feng said with a smile.

Feng Zhi rolled up a piece of scallion pancake from the plate that Aunt Hua handed over. "That's enough." Aunt Hua muttered, chewing onion pancakes with oily lips, "Take them all, you don't have guests at home, and your mother doesn't make many pancakes. Besides, I'll eat them." It's gone."

Aunt Hua looked at He Junyao and the others and said, "Xiaozhi is a comrade in arms! Don't be disgusted!"

"No!" Fang Monan smiled and shook his head.

"Thank you, Aunt Hua." Feng Zhi took the plate, and he stopped being serious outside in the cold weather, and just searched for it when he came back.

As soon as Feng Zhi and the others entered the house, Aunt Feng greeted them with a hot towel.

"Wipe, oh, look at this smudged face, please wipe it off, you... warm up."

Feng Zhi felt the hot towel sticking to his face, it was warm, and the entire pores were stretched out, so comfortable!

"Mom... um... um, I'll wipe it myself... my comrade-in-arms is still there!" Feng Zhi hurriedly took the towel from Aunt Feng's hand.

"Mom, you greet my comrades first, I'll go in and change first." Feng Zhi opened the door curtain on the right and entered the room.

Aunt Feng poured two cups of tea from the low stool next to the briquette stove, put them on the coffee table, and took a shallow white porcelain plate with melon seeds, peanuts and persimmons on the coffee table.

"Barley tea, you just make it up!" Aunt Feng said a little embarrassedly.

"Barley tea is a good thing!" Fang Monan said with a smile, "Drinking barley tea can not only whet the appetite, but also help digestion, and it can also help you lose weight."

Fang Monan picked up the teacup, the tea soup was dark brown, the barley should have been crushed, and it smelled like coffee and tea.Gently took a big sip, "Oh! It's comfortable."

Aunt Feng looked at the two of them dressing up, and she knew that the family was in a good family, so this barley tea was really afraid of neglecting them.Seeing the two of them drink down, Aunt Feng was very happy, seeing that they are honest people.

"Wait here, I'll go in and remind you!" Aunt Feng opened the curtain and entered the inner room. [

"Mom, why did you come in? Didn't you tell me to greet my comrade-in-arms!" Feng Zhi hurriedly said when he saw his mother coming in.

"I'm not looking to see if you've changed your clothes, I can't let people wait for you!" Saying that, Aunt Feng began to help her son get dressed.

Feng Zhi's mother and son went in, and He Junyao and the others were left outside.The layout of the room has not changed much, and the furnishings are very simple. Opposite the main entrance is a raglan table against the wall, and in front of the table is an Eight Immortals table with a black and white TV set on it.Next to the TV is a teapot and cup with a broken corner.There are four armchairs and two small tea tables in the room.

There is a briquette stove in the middle of the room, and the chimney leads from the door to the outside of the house. There is a small pot on it, which cooks fragrant rice porridge.Heating and cooking are both. No wonder the room is warm and not cold at all.

These four armchairs are Guming-style armchairs.Simple and simple, without decoration, pay attention to the beauty of materials, make full use of the wood itself and texture without covering, and make use of the unique material beauty of the natural texture and color.

The armchair is the most classic production of Ming Dynasty furniture.The armchairs of the Ming Dynasty have simple and elegant shapes, simple and smooth lines, and the production skills have reached the level of perfection. "Sky round place" is a typical view of the universe in Chinese culture. Not only the architecture is influenced by it, but also integrated into the design of furniture.

The armchair is a combination of square and circle. The upper circle and the lower part take the circle as the main theme. The circle is harmony, and the circle symbolizes happiness;From an aesthetic point of view, the armchairs of the Ming Dynasty have beautiful shapes and lines, which are similar to the art of calligraphy. They also have the technique of freehand painting with Chinese splashed ink. The visual effect produced by abstract beauty is very in line with the aesthetic point of view of modern people.

The slope formed by the armrest of the armrest and the rest of the armrest, the curvature of the armchair, and the height of the seat, the combination of these three degrees, the proportion is coordinated, and a perfect artistic imagination space is constructed.

"Hmm! This armchair is made of authentic huanghuali wood, and it's from the Ming Dynasty. It's an old thing, a good thing!" Fang Monan rubbed the armrest on the armchair. He passed the coffee table and whispered, "Tell him not to sell it as scrap." (To be continued...)

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