Crazy at the end of the Ming Dynasty

And the situation of the entire imperial court suppressing bandits is also very good.Let's talk about Li Zicheng and the Peasant Army of Guotianxing first!

In October of the tenth year of Chongzhen, after Li Zicheng and Guo Tianxing went south to invade Sichuan, they once came to the outskirts of Chengdu. Therefore, Hong Chengchou, the governor of Shaanxi who was in charge of encircling and suppressing the western front, quickly led the Zuo Guangxian Department of the Guyuan General Army and the Cao Bianjiao Department of the Lintao General Army. The main force entered Sichuan and intercepted and attacked the peasant army from the eastern front.The newly appointed governor of Sichuan, Fu Zonglong, mobilized tens of thousands of Sichuan troops from all walks of life to prevent the peasant army from going south from Chengdu to Langzhong.

Li, Guo and other ministries were detained in the northwestern corner of Sichuan, and returned to Shaanxi in early 11th.Pass Tianxing, Huntianxing, etc. out of the east road, and return to the vast area north of Xi'an via Fengxiang.

The governor of Shaanxi, Sun Chuanting, took the opportunity to show his power.He led the army to encircle and suppress these peasant armed forces, and won victories in Chengcheng and Sanshui (now Xunyi) in April and May. Huntianxing was killed, and Guotianxing and others surrendered.Li Zicheng's troops went out to the West Road, and were active in Hezhou (near Linxia today) and Lintao, Gansu.

Hong Chengchou led the main force in the northwest to encircle and suppress Li Zicheng's army, and won twice in March.After being injured one after another, Li Zicheng retreated along the Qinling Mountains to hide in the mountains at the junction of Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Hubei.So far, the "rogue bandits" in Northwest China have basically been wiped out.

The key point is to look at Li Zicheng who is haunted by Wu Shigong's dream!

After Li Zicheng and other ministries left Sichuan in February of the 11th year of Chongzhen, the trilateral governor of Shaanxi, Hong Chengchou, and the governor of Shaanxi, Sun Chuanting, had conflicts with Yang Sichang. Hun, therefore, achieved great results.

Li Zicheng's troops, under the pursuit of Hong Chengchou's commander-in-chief Cao Bianjiao, Zuo Guangxian, Zu Dabi, He Renlong and other officers and troops, soon after leaving Sichuan, were in Hezhou and Taozhou (near Linxia and Lintan in present-day Gansu). In the second battle (March [-] and [-]), they suffered consecutive defeats, with great losses in personnel and horses.

In April, Li Zicheng's troops had no choice but to turn back east again, crossing the Tao River from Yangsa village in Gongchang Prefecture, Gansu Province, and marching day and night to Xihe and Lixian counties.In order to avoid being discovered by the officers and soldiers who were being hunted down.Li Zicheng decided to adopt a decentralized and concealed approach.On the tenth day of April, Li Zicheng personally led 300 peasant soldiers and their families to a place called Mawu in the north of Li County, Gansu.Zuo Guangxian, the commander-in-chief of the Ming Dynasty, led his officers and soldiers to chase after him at dawn the next day. The distance between the two armies was only [-] to [-] miles, and Li Zicheng and others were in a very dangerous situation.Fortunately, the officers and soldiers rested in Mawu for a day, and they made a wrong judgment when they set off. Li Zicheng was able to escape the pursuit of the officers and soldiers.Entering the border area between Shaanxi and Sichuan, the same department will join the teams led by Li Guo, Liu Tichun and others.Afterwards, Hong Chengchou was very frustrated.Li Zicheng is really lucky. [

Afterwards, Li Zicheng's department re-entered Sichuan in May together with more than 3000 people from the Sixth Brigade's Qi General Administration Department.Then there were repeated battles and defeats. In this difficult and dangerous situation, the leader of the sixth team, General Manager Qi, was discouraged.He led more than 600 subordinates to surrender to Zuo Guangxian, and Li Zicheng's troops were even weaker, so they had to go into the deep mountains and dense forests, so that the officers and soldiers could not find their traces.

Since then, Li Zicheng's troops have been quite small, that is, about 1000 people, and the active area is sparsely populated.So the court ignored him for the time being.

However, Li Zicheng's will to rebel was still quite strong.Although his troops were in an extremely difficult situation in military affairs and life, they were never appeased.There is nothing more stubborn than King Chuang!

Let's talk about the other battalions of peasant armies!

Although Zhang Xianzhong and Liu Guoneng have the difference between true and false surrender, the influence of their surrender has caused a wave of surrender in the peasant army.

In July of the 11th year of Chongzhen, King Shunyi surrendered, and the imperial court issued a death-free card to disband 500 people who left.In the same month, Luo Rucai, Hunshiwan, Zhengshiwan, Shifanwang, Tuotianwang, and Xiaoqinwang begged Prime Minister Xiong Wencan.Xiong Wencan sent Zhang Dajing, the supervisor of the army, to meet with Luo Rucai and others on the first day of August to discuss the matter of recruiting security.On the second day of August, another six tribes, including Tianxing, Ziweixing, Shetatian (that is, Li Wanqing), and Yiziwang, sent people to contact and surrender in Lushi County, Henan.

It seems that Xiong Wencan's appeasement has been a great success.So he arranged for Luo Rucai to station three battalions together with Baigui (Little Qin King) and Hei Yunxiang ([-]) in Fang County, and the other five battalions to be stationed in Zhuxi and Baokang.

So far, the only ones who are influential are Laohuihui Ma Shouying, Geliyan He Yilong, Zuojin Wang Hejin, Changshiwang Liu Xiyao, and the "Troubled" Wanglin's five battalions of Gezuo, but because they are alone.He also hides in deep mountains and old forests and tends to be depressed.

The situation is really good, and it keeps getting better.It should be said that the number of Xiong Wencan's consolation is quite amazing, but what about the quality of his consolation?Not to mention Zhang Xianzhong.Come and see Luo Rucai!

Luo Rucai refused to accept the official position of the imperial court during his "care" period, did not ask for food and salary, and did not dismiss the army.He neither obeyed the dispatch of the imperial court, nor allowed the imperial court to intervene in the internal affairs of the peasant army.Moreover, the landowners’ properties were confiscated within a certain range, the farmland was implemented to accumulate food and grass, and the poor were recruited to join the peasant army, making the necessary preparations for a new rebellion in terms of manpower and material resources.

As for the imperial court, Luo Rucai signed a "covenant of mutual infringement" with the local government only when he was "appreciated".That's right!They treat serious solicitation as a contract.Xiong Wencan's economic awareness is really too strong!

But no matter what, the Ming Dynasty gained temporary peace.It should be said that the entire imperial court is rejoicing and in harmony!No!With no external worries, the ministers of the imperial court immediately rolled up their sleeves and started fighting again.The fuse of this internal strife was the peace talks with the Manchu Qing proposed by Yang Sichang.

It should be said that at this time, only a few people in the entire imperial court, Yang Sichang, knew that the suppression of the bandits had not been completed, so he wanted to carry out the suppression of the bandits to the end and completely eliminate the cancer in the body of the Ming Dynasty.

On April 11th, the [-]th year of Chongzhen, during a routine Jingyan event, Emperor Chongzhen summoned all six ministers, and wanted to ask how to apply Confucius and Mencius's way of governing peace to actual government affairs. It should be combined with theory actual.

So Yang Sichang took this opportunity to tell the emperor a chapter in "Mencius Lilou": "When fighting for land, people kill people; Death is not tolerated, so those who are good at fighting will be sentenced to death.” I want to use Mencius’s pacifist thought of opposing wars among princes to guide Emperor Chongzhen to agree to contact and negotiate with the Manchu Qing. [

But Emperor Chongzhen already knew what Yang Sichang was thinking, but he was not interested at all, and refused impatiently: "This is what Mencius said in response to the military struggles of other countries. Although it is not possible to attack a subordinate country (referring to the Qing Dynasty) today to show With the power of the Celestial Dynasty, why did they use the bad strategy of "He Fan" like the Han Dynasty? Don't mention this matter again in the future."

Although Emperor Chongzhen basically vetoed the motion to discuss peace with the Qing Dynasty, this incident still caused a storm in the city.The vast majority of courtiers felt great indignation at Yang Sichang's proposal of a "reconciliation" of the Qing Dynasty.

According to the traditional principle of Yixia Dafang, the central empire of the heavenly dynasty is not equal to all the barbarians outside. To commit "chaos", there is only one way to cut it off and make peace.

However, the Manchurian tribes outside the pass have been rewarded by the Celestial Dynasty for generations, and the history books are all there, but they suddenly rebelled and occupied Liaodong, entered the fortress several times, burned, killed and looted, and did not do evil, which aroused great hatred among the subjects of the Ming Dynasty. .Most people think that negotiating and negotiating peace with the Qing side, no matter what the reason, is a loss of power and humiliation of the country, or even collaborating with the enemy and rebellion, which is the first-class behavior of Shi Jingtang and Qin Hui.

As we already know in the previous article, there was only one Yuan Chonghuan who dared to negotiate with the Qing Dynasty at the end of Ming Dynasty.However, Yuan Chonghuan's two negotiations were regarded as treason by the court, and the last one was regarded as one of the important crimes of "collaborating with the enemy", which directly led to his ruin.

With such a lesson from the past, Yang Sichang dared to risk the world's dissatisfaction by proposing a "subsidy" when mediocre patriotic enthusiasm was flooding the government and the public, which just shows that he has an extraordinary strategic vision and sincere loyalty to Emperor Chongzhen. .

Let me say one more thing here: Until now, there are still many people who claim to be "Ming history experts" who have written articles saying that Yuan Chonghuan colluded with the enemy and so on. The evidence is his negotiations with Hou Jin.In fact, the mistakes of these "experts" are too obvious!Of course, the author does not want to wash the land for Yuan Chonghuan. The author always believes that Yuan Chonghuan deserved his crime, and his crime is his ability.

Say it again.When Yang Sichang proposed "reconciliation", few courtiers could understand his vision and loyalty.In the eyes of the anti-Yang faction headed by Dong Lin, this just added another crime to him.

Donglin party members believe that Yang Sichang has three major crimes.One is to overturn the "reverse case" and oppose the gentlemen of Donglin;And this third point is almost going to arouse public indignation among officials, gentry and people across the country.

Of course, in the hearts of the Donglin Party members, as long as the Donglin Party members are not in power, they are the enemies of the Donglin Party.

As a result, officials of the Donglin Party immediately launched a fierce attack on Yang Sichang, mainly opposing the proposal for peace talks, and others.Anyway, there are many so-and-so and so-and-so, but the most eye-catching one is Donglin standard-bearer, Huang Daozhou, the world-renowned master of Neo-Confucianism.

Zodiac week, so far people know his reputation.His knowledge is profound, his cultivation in Neo Confucianism and "Yixue" is still deep, and his integrity is noble, he is serious and meticulous, and he is regarded as a model for moral articles, and his reputation is long and famous throughout Kyushu.So will he come up with some eye-catching advanced theories? (To be continued. If you like this work, you are welcome to come to the starting point to vote and monthly pass. Your support is my biggest motivation. Mobile phone users, please go to m to read.)

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