Thunder King

Huang Buxi smiled mysteriously and said, "Those things you mentioned just now, there will be one who appears holding the sword of the king. Guess which one it is?"

Since he is holding the sword of the king, he must have a hand.Lin Sen thought for a while and said, "Is it the famous centaur in Greek mythology?"

Huang kept clapping his hands in admiration, and said, "Smart is that thing. Then guess again, what beasts will come out to fight in our east?"

Lin Sen said without hesitation: "Qinglong turned into a human form, holding Xuanyuan Sword, right?"

Huang Buxiu was stunned. He thought this question would be difficult for Lin Sen, but he didn't expect Lin Sen to say it directly, and it was a very standard answer.

Damn, how did you do it?

However, no matter how Lin Sen did it, Huang Buxiu didn't care.What he cares about is whether he can snatch the swords from those two beasts when they appear!

Whether it is the King's Sword or Dongfang's Xuanyuan Sword, they are all first-class fetishes. As long as you get one, you will be able to improve your strength endlessly!

The current supernatural world is really too weak. When the cultivation world intervenes in the mortal world, the entire supernatural world will usher in a catastrophe.In a word, surrender or perish!

As the young master of the Struggle Association and a powerful figure, Huang Buxiu will not be subdued at the feet of those cultivators. The only thing he can do is to make a plan now and go snatch the Xuanyuan Sword when the time comes!He prefers the Xuanyuan Sword, which is much easier to use than the Western King's Sword.

Xuanyuan Sword is an oriental sword, which is most suitable for oriental figures, while King's Sword is a western two-handed sword, which is not very easy to use.In Huang Buxiong, relying on the strength of his father and uncle, and the ability to call the wind and rain in the world of supernatural powers, there is hope to snatch Xuanyuanjian.As for Lin Sen, with the powerful and mysterious Yi Tianxing in the background, it is not difficult to grab a sword.

That's why he valued Lin Sen so much. If it wasn't for the mysterious Yi Tianxing who was behind Lin Sen, he wouldn't have told Lin Sen all these things.Everyone is selfish, if you want to succeed, if you want to get higher strength and better things, you have to be selfish.Whoever is not selfish loses.

The concept of "selfishness" is usually contained in "self-centeredness".The biggest difference between the two is that selfishness means that when an individual faces a conflict between his own interests and the other party’s, he will ignore the other party’s loss and focus on satisfying his own interests; in addition, when a selfish person performs selfish behavior, he is usually aware that his behavior may damage others. and the interests of others, but still use all means according to their own interests.

Of course, in fact, Huang Buxiu's behavior and mentality are not very selfish.First of all, if a person benefits himself at the expense of others, he is called selfish.Secondly, selfishness refers to thinking only for oneself, only seeking personal interests; belonging to the individual; partiality.

Selfishness, then, is the moral realm of individualism, a product of private ownership, in various degrees and forms.Some people are extremely selfish and openly benefit themselves at the expense of others; some people try to find a philosophy of life that can satisfy their own self-interest and take care of the interests of others, claiming that "subjectivity is for oneself and objectiveness is for others", but as far as In essence, self-interest is the core, the fundamental basis, and the fundamental driving force for their activities.

Selfishness is a concept that is frequently used no matter where it is used.In fact, it is not easy to define it because people often use it. As a research, how can we define it more scientifically to summarize all its essential characteristics?Some people even describe the gene, the most basic unit of life, as "selfish". The meaning of the concept of "selfishness" is extended, a grass competes with another grass for nourishment, a bird eats a worm, a cat eats a mouse, a dog competes with another dog for a bone, a person eats pork, and a grain , This is all a manifestation of "selfishness".Although genes are neither conscious nor emotional.In fact, any "objective behavior" that is beneficial to itself and at the expense of other organisms is collectively called "selfishness".

Huang Buxiu's selfishness, at least he didn't create much benefit for himself, he just formed a gang to make a big deal!

Selfishness, as one of the attributes of human beings, as a broad and complex social phenomenon, can be manifested not only in human objective behavior, but also in human subjective consciousness, ideas, and motives.Because of the unity of human consciousness and behavior, selfishness can refer to both behavior and concept; and because human behavior and consciousness may be disconnected, separated in space and time, or appear in a contradictory form, it can refer to behavior or idea.So, what is the definition of selfishness in terms of subjective consciousness?Or is it better to define selfishness in terms of objective behavior?As long as it is something, it will be selfish.

Some people focus on defining selfishness from the perspective of objective behavior and its effects, and believe that "selfishness refers to the behavior that people satisfy their own interests at the cost of harming the interests of others and society."In other words, selfishness is an objective behavior that benefits oneself at the expense of others.I call this definition "the objective definition of selfish behavior."

This definition is in line with people's habit of emphasizing the effect of behavior in moral evaluation, and many people use the concept of selfishness in the sense of behavior that harms others and benefits themselves on many occasions.However, this definition is far from simple.

First, according to the definition, a person can be called selfish only when he actually acts at the expense of others.People are not selfish if they do not behave in ways that benefit themselves at the expense of others.However, as we all know, just as a person may have the consciousness and motivation of committing a crime, but it does not necessarily show criminal behavior in fact, just as a person has the consciousness of harming others and benefiting himself, it does not necessarily manifest the behavior of harming others and benefiting himself in fact.This is because: [-]. Motivation and awareness guide the generation of behavior, and there is still a process in between.Before the process is completed, one motivation, consciousness may have changed or disappeared, replaced by another consciousness, motivation; [-]. One motivation, consciousness may still exist, but due to the constraints of the external environment, or due to another consciousness, motivation Inhibition, the consciousness and motivation do not guide the generation of behavior for the time being and lie dormant.

Huang Buxi's plan does not harm others or benefit himself, it is completely harming others and benefiting himself.

Therefore, a person does not exhibit the behavior of harming others and benefiting himself, but this does not mean that he must not have the consciousness and motivation of harming others and benefiting himself.Because the definition of objective behavior does not include such a situation, when explaining some phenomena, it appears blunt and far-fetched.For example, someone who did not act selfishly at the expense of others in one matter, but acted selfishly at the expense of others in another matter.According to the definition of objective behavior, it can only be explained in this way: he has changed from unselfish to selfish.But in fact, there are two situations here: one is that this change in objective behavior is the result of corresponding changes in motivation and consciousness; the other is that although the behavior changes, the motivation does not change.It is reasonable to interpret the first case according to the definition of objective behavior, but it is obviously inappropriate to explain the second case.

Secondly, if the concept of selfishness is used in the strict sense of "benefiting others at the expense of others", then when someone dies and refuses to help or refuses to be saved, such behavior cannot be called selfish.Because the actor neither harms others nor benefits himself.In fact, people without exception call such behavior selfish, and such actors are called selfish people.More importantly, when the objective effect of human behavior is self-interested and beneficial to others (reciprocity), is human being selfish?According to the definition of objective behavior, it cannot be called selfishness.

We know that the objective behavioral effect of self-interest and others is often the result of the subjective motivation of "for me" (of course there are other situations).When someone implements behaviors that are objectively beneficial to others and society, the "altruist" is likely to obtain corresponding rewards from others and society. "His good behavior is a scheming act, which is essentially for the benefit of himself and his relatives." The concept and motivation are selfish.Precisely because it is "for the benefit of myself and my relatives".

Huang Buxiu's thoughts turned sharply. Is this kind of behavior of Lao Tzu considered selfish?Shouldn't it count?

Therefore, if his good behavior (altruism) does not enable him to obtain from the other party what he thinks is a corresponding reward, or is less than what he thinks is a corresponding reward, then it can be expected that his good behavior will disappear or decrease, if he can get a corresponding reward. Remuneration, his good behavior will continue to perform.Although it is inconvenient to call this kind of behavior selfish in a static sense only from the perspective of the behavioral effect (self-interest and benefit to others), if it is viewed from a dynamic sense, from the perspective of subjective consciousness and motivation, there are sufficient reasons called selfishness.

From this point of view, although selfishness is defined only from the aspect of objective behavior, although the unity of behavior motivation is taken into account, it does not summarize all the concepts and behaviors of people using the concept of selfishness because of the lack of attention to the contradiction and possibility of disconnection. Connotations, therefore, are quite limited.

In fact, in Huang Buxi's world, selfishness is not just defined in this way.

What is the definition of selfishness in terms of subjective consciousness and motivation?

Undoubtedly, the definition of selfishness from the perspective of subjective consciousness is well-founded: [-]. Only human beings have distinct consciousness (in a relative sense, of course). ” (Instinct) differentiates nicely.Moreover, this is in line with my purpose of researching that selfishness is limited to human beings; second, to define selfishness from the aspects of subjective consciousness and motivation, so as to understand selfishness and people from a dynamic perspective, so as to avoid the limitation of objective behavior definition; third, motivation and consciousness are more important than behavior It is more powerful in itself, and its logic is: under normal circumstances, human behavior is always conscious behavior. If we can truly eliminate consciousness and motivation, we can eliminate behavior itself at the same time, but eliminating behavior does not mean eliminating Consciousness, motivation, and as long as motivation, consciousness still exists, it can reproduce the behavior that has been eliminated. . . .

Therefore, Huang Buxi defined selfishness as: when a person has an interest relationship with others or the society, he first considers his own interests more. The motive of consideration can guide the behavior of objectively benefiting others and self; when people think that their own interests are in conflict with the interests of others and the society, the motive of considering their own interests is manifested as sacrificing the interests of others and society to maintain development behavior in one's own interest.

Defining selfishness in this way may still not capture all the essential features of people's use of the concept.But one thing is certain, the concept of selfishness must be grasped in a multi-angle, multi-level and dynamic way.For this reason, it is necessary to combine the research on people's subjective consciousness, motivation and objective behavior.

Moreover, selfishness is not absolute, but relative. . . . . . .

One of the relative meanings of selfishness is that selfishness is relative to selflessness (selflessness).

There is no selflessness without selfishness, and vice versa.They are a pair of contradictions, interdependent.

Some thinkers believe that one of the principles and laws governing how people deal with the interests of others and society is "self-interest" (selfishness). For oneself", one does not sacrifice one's own happiness for the happiness of others.

Even if someone objectively shows behaviors that are beneficial to others and society, even at the cost of sacrificing his own life, it is only to satisfy his own sympathy and his desire to cherish honor.

In the early years, some young people in our country discussed the issue of the value of life. The famous Pan Xiao also talked about the issue of selfishness. ".

The objective effects of human behavior are objectively beneficial to others and society. We must always look at problems from an objective perspective. The fact that "subjectivity is for oneself" has no real impact on society, while "objectiveness is for others" has no real impact on society. The social impact is huge.This is the selflessness of altruism."

Every time Huang Buxi thinks about this, he feels that he is very great. Where is there any selfishness, he even thinks about Lin Sen.If he wants to grab the Xuanyuan Sword, Lin Sen will grab the King's Sword, isn't it great?