Open an aircraft carrier to fight against Japan

When Chen Fei checked the equipment, he found that Lin Yuan did not distribute special hiking boots for the mountain infantry. What they are wearing now are ordinary boots. The bottom is made of leather. The leather is relatively soft, and people step on crampons. It is very uncomfortable to go to bed, and it is uncomfortable to walk, so how can you fight!

The hiking boots of the mountain infantry are different. Because the higher the altitude, the lower the temperature, so mountain combat often means snow combat. The bottom of the mountaineering boots needs to be equipped with crampons, which are very similar to the spike shoes worn by modern football players. , but the nails on the crampons are sharper and stronger, which can help infantry grasp the ice.

Crampons are all made of low-carbon steel with good toughness and hardness, which can be manufactured in industrial zone arsenals. However, crampons have a problem that cannot be solved by metallurgical technology: steel is a good conductor of heat. The cooling speed of the heat is very fast, and the heat on the soldiers' feet will leave the body continuously through it, and the feet are extremely prone to frostbite, so the problem of keeping warm should be considered in hiking boots.So Fade Chen found Lin Yuan and expressed his request: "We must switch to special hiking boots, and we must solve the problem of keeping warm."

Lin Yuan said: "That's no problem. When the petrochemical factory produces rubber, we can use hard rubber as the sole. Modern hiking boots are also made in this way. It's a question of keeping warm. What do you Marines do?" fixed?"

Chen Fei said: "Generally, wool insoles and wool socks are distributed. Wool can keep warm in wet and dry conditions. It is an excellent material for mountain warfare."

Lin Yuan said: "Wool? Wool is a rare commodity in this era. I can only guarantee two pairs of wool socks for each of you." Fade Chen said, "What about the insoles? Soldiers without insoles are prone to frostbite."

Lin Yuan thought for a while and said, "I thought of a good material that can be used to make insoles, and it's very easy to get."

Chen Fei asked: "What is that?"

Lin Yuan pointed to his own head, and said with a smile, "That's hair! Did you know that during World War II, Nazi Germany used the hair in barbershops to make weaving products, and some of them were given to mountain infantry The woven insoles, according to reports, have a good thermal effect, I wonder if you can accept insoles made of hair?"

Fade Chen said: "This is war. If you don't pay attention, you will lose your life. How can you have so many worries? It's okay. You can use your hair as an insole without worry."

Lin Yuan immediately began to collect hair. After publicity, many girls cut off their long hair to support the troops. What Lin Yuan didn't expect was that hair cutting would also lead to a change in customs in the future.

In order to allow the troops to move quickly, the Russians bought a large amount of rubber. The rubber in this era has not yet been chemically synthesized, so only natural rubber can be produced. Natural rubber can only be produced by Brazilian rubber trees. After this rubber tree was discovered by Western colonists , Widely planted in tropical colonies, so in this era, several major western countries monopolized rubber production.

The Russians took it for granted that Lin Yuan's troops did not have rubber, and scorned the combat effectiveness of Lin Yuan's troops. They didn't care that they had been beaten to death. What they didn't expect was that Lin Yuan had the most advanced rubber synthesis technology.

The process of synthesizing materials, including reaction equipment, catalyst types, reaction temperature, pressure, etc., cannot be calculated according to certain formulas. They are obtained through the groping of generations of producers. Lin Yuan does not need to redo these things. Try it, he can use organic chemistry to produce rubber, propellant, explosives, and turn it into a secret weapon against the Russians.

With the efforts of experts, the oil drilling process is very smooth. A large amount of oil is transported into the petrochemical plant through pipelines and heated in the oil fractionation tower. The composition of oil is very complicated, including benzene and benzene derivatives, liquid alkanes, different The boiling points of the components are different, so the order of evaporation is different. When heating, the oil of different components is separated, and gasoline, diesel oil, lubricating oil, etc. can be obtained separately.Some of these components are used as fuel, and some are used as raw materials for the synthesis of other products, such as light diesel oil. After desulfurization, it enters the tubular cracking furnace. In the furnace, the chemical bonds between the carbon atoms in the alkane are heated at high temperature The long-chain alkanes are gradually transformed into short-chain alkanes, and at the same time, the chemical bonds between carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms are also broken, and the alkanes gradually produce alkenes.

After cracking, various olefins are mixed together, called cracking gas, which includes butadiene that Lin Yuan wants. This kind of olefin can be polymerized to produce polybutadiene rubber. This rubber first appeared in 1960 In [-], due to its superior performance and low cost, it is widely used in the production of tires, shoe soles and other items.

The pyrolysis gas needs to undergo cryogenic separation to obtain the elemental gas used for further reaction. The so-called cryogenic refers to the temperature below 173 Kelvin, which is minus [-] degrees Celsius. It is as difficult to obtain low temperature as high temperature. In this era, People widely use ice stored in winter as a way to obtain low temperature.

However, the low temperature obtained by the ancients is too high compared with the low temperature required for industrial production, so some special methods must be used to obtain a low temperature of minus [-] degrees Celsius.

To produce cryogenics, high-quality refrigerants are necessary. This is not a problem for the Beijing ship, because there are many equipment on the Beijing ship that require low temperature, such as various radars. When the radar is working, the temperature of the key internal components is The lower the better, simply understand that when radar works, it relies on electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetic waves are generated by the periodic oscillation of current, that is, by the movement of electrons.

When the temperature rises, the electrons also move, which creates interference, usually we call this interference thermal noise, so the transmitter and receiver parts of the radar need refrigerant to cool down.

With the refrigerant, there is also an air compressor to drive the refrigerant. In order to maintain the low temperature of the low temperature part, the refrigerant needs to absorb heat in the low temperature part and release heat in the high temperature part. At this time, the refrigerant will become a gaseous state, which requires Use a compressor to turn it back into a liquid state, and then flow back to the low-temperature part to continue absorbing heat, which is why there is a problem with this compressor.

What Lin Yuan didn't expect was that the person who asked the question was Liao Ming, an expert in aero-engines. He said, "Using a piston compressor can't meet the requirements and can't produce such a low temperature." Lin Yuan asked: "Mr. Liao, How do you know?"

Liao Ming said with a smile: "Actually, the principle of the refrigerator and the engine is the same. The engine heats the gas and makes the gas do work, while the refrigerator does work on the gas to make the gas cool. Their thermodynamic cycle process has the same form, but the direction is different. .”

Lin Yuan asked: "Then what kind of compressor should we build?"

Liao Ming said: "We should manufacture centrifugal air compressors. Such compressors have stronger compression capacity than piston ones, and there is one more important point."

Lin Yuan asked: "What is that?"

Liao Ming said: "Centrifugal air compressors can also be used in aircraft engines. Look at our turbofan-30, which uses an axial flow compressor. The compressor is actually an air compressor. Different industry names The methods are different, but the earliest jet aircraft used centrifugal compressors."

Lin Yuan asked, "But how do we make it?"