Baolu Tianxing

The identification of calligraphy and painting is a matter of great learning. Specifically, there are mainly two kinds of paper and silk. In addition, there are some colder materials, such as various leather materials, wood, metal foil and so on.

Compared with the Ming Dynasty, the materials used for calligraphy and painting in the Qing Dynasty had a greater development, and new products came out continuously.Materials such as paper and silk played a great role in the prosperity of calligraphy and painting in the Qing Dynasty.

Taking paper as an example, the illuminated paper that appeared in the late Ming Dynasty was widely used in the early Qing Dynasty.The color of the paper is yellow, with red in the yellow, and it will not deteriorate for a long time.Although there were still illuminated papers in the late Qing Dynasty, the color has become light yellow, losing its red-yellow characteristics, and the color will turn black when it encounters damp mold.This kind of gold paper is also a kind of so-called fake gold paper.

During the three dynasties of the Qing Dynasty, powdered paper and waxed paper appeared.Powdered paper is dull and has various patterns painted on it; waxed paper is shiny and comes in a variety of colors, some with patterns and some without.This kind of paper is not easy to drop ink, and it needs to be polished a little when it is used; the seal cannot be covered, so it can only be pasted and pasted.The great calligraphers Liu Yong, Huang Yi, and Liang Tongshu of the Qing Dynasty often used powder paper and wax paper to write.

In the Qing Dynasty, there was also a kind of half-cooked paper, which was relatively rare. The thin one was called "cicada wing paper", and the thick one was called twill paper.During the period from Jiaqing to Guangxu, there was a kind of Japanese paper, and Wu Dalian likes to use this paper for painting.From Daoguang to Xianfeng, there was also a kind of Xubaizhai paper sprinkled with fine gold flakes. There was a "Xubaizhai made" seal on the corner of the paper, and some gold flakes have now turned black.

When it comes to silk, the most common one in the Qing Dynasty was very rough Kujuan. This kind of silk was coated with powder paste of various colors, some were plain, and some were painted with various golden or pink flowers, or Sprinkle with gold flakes, gold stars.This kind of silk is often used to write notes and word pairs.

After Jiaqing, the quality of silk declined obviously, and its texture was thin. People often used stones to roll it into flat silk, so as not to appear particularly thin on the surface.This kind of coarse silk is often added with various colors of paste, painted flowers and sprinkled with gold, etc., or added glue alum to the white plain silk and then polished, but writing or drawing on it is impermeable to ink marks.

The antique paintings of the Qing Dynasty "Suzhou Pieces" used thinner and thicker silk, so there was a huge difference in quality.In the late Qing Dynasty, silk was produced all over the south. Some people used these thick and thin silk to imitate the works of masters in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, which are easy to identify.

However, this huge painting is made of tribute silk produced during the Kangxi period, and gold and silver stars are scattered on it, but because of the storage time and the environment, these originally dazzling star spots have turned into dark spots.

This specially processed cooked silk is different from the Kujuan in the middle Qing Dynasty.The middle part is dyed into the unique yellow color of the palace with color paste, and the surrounding area is painted with lingering auspicious clouds, among which ten dragons are coiled around, majestic and vigorous, looking majestic and magnificent.

The poetry hall is made of light maroon paper with lacquer depicting sea, river, cloud and dragon patterns. The sun wheel held high by the dragon in the center has the word "Yushu" in seal script.The word "Ren" on both sides follows the artistic style of court decoration in Jiajing Dynasty of Ming Dynasty.

But I don't know why, in this painting, all these complicated parts are gone, so Wu Chen didn't think of it. After all, he rarely sees tribute silk, let alone getting started. He only follows a few words of written records. It is really difficult to connect what you see in the album.

In the albums he has seen, the tribute silk is far more beautiful than this one, especially the dragon pattern painted on it, showing a new image of the Kangxi period: the dragon's horns are tall and straight, the dragon's beard is long and curved, and the dragon's beard Saw-toothed, the lower jaw of the dragon is longer than the upper jaw, which has distinct characteristics of the times.

Many things are sometimes separated by a layer of tulle. After Mr. Liu's "teaching", Wu Chen and Xu Shaodong looked at it again, and gradually felt it.

Xu Lei listened to what they were talking about, but there was nothing she was interested in. She pouted her mouth and looked at it for a while. It was completely different from the maps she usually saw. There was no administrative division, only mountains, rivers, city walls and geographic maps. , looks weird.

"This map is so crudely drawn!"

"Hehe, it is naturally incomparable to the present, but in those days, this was an epoch-making event!"

Mr. Liu moved to look at the map while responding to the little girl. In his eyes, the feelings of the little girl were quite different. This map contains mountains, rivers, passes, cities, houses, rolling mountains, clouds, The mountains, the sea of ​​fog, and the majestic city are all real scenes!Although the traditional characters above are a little blurry, it doesn't seem to be difficult for Liu Lao's generation.

This power!This effort!This majestic spirit!It doesn't look much like an imitation.

In a short period of time, the thoughts in Mr. Liu's mind have quietly changed unconsciously.

"Hey, it's so boring, Brother Tie, let's go out for a stroll."

Although Xu Lei tried her best to pretend to be cute, but the painting was too big, the old and the young looked at it one by one, and they didn't know when they would get it!

Tie Zhongtang has been with Mr. Liu for a long time, and under the influence of his ears and eyes, he has some skill in antiques. What's more, he has long been used to standing beside Mr. Liu, so he won't feel bored.However, he also loves Xu Lei, a little girl. Seeing her bored look, he looked at Mr. Liu and asked for instructions, but Mr. Liu was so focused on the giant drawing paper that he didn't notice her at all. eyes.

"Let's go, let's go." Xu Lei said involuntarily, and pulled Boss Tie to go outside. Although there was nothing interesting outside, it was better than watching a few people hold their breath and get bored here.

"Come on, move again." Liu Lao looked up and thought for a while, then stood up tremblingly.Wu Chen and Xu Shaodong hurriedly supported him from left to right, and felt that his body was shaking slightly. He had been squatting for a long time, and his legs were not full of energy and blood, and he easily fainted.

"Sit down first, you've seen it all, so you don't need to look at it one by one." Xu Shaodong moved a stool over and sat down for the old man, while he and Wu Chen moved the paintings again, The few remaining places are also displayed.

This painting is actually not complete, but it is shocking enough. The southern end goes directly to Nanyang, the northern part includes not only Mongolia, but also a part of Siberia, and the eastern part is separated by the sea. The Hanzhong area was intercepted.

"If this is an imitation, it will really cost a lot of money." Xu Shaodong has only heard of "Huangyu Quanpan Tu", which has historical records. Although its editor is controversial, there is no doubt that the real thing is there. It's hidden in the palace.

But this pair is a bit strange, even the name is missing a word, he will not think it is fake based on this, as he said, if it is a copy, then it can be said that it has cost a lot of money. Under such circumstances, how could he make such a mentally retarded mistake, copying the name wrong.