Travel through the Qing Dynasty and become emperor

Chapter 1024 The Father of Experimental Physics

After a rigorous inspection, they drove through the gate and stopped in front of a building.This is a five-story square building with a typical European style and a protruding dome on the top. The flagpole on it flies the imperial dragon flag high.

Kang Youwei got out of the car door and looked around. Apart from the building next to him, the most eye-catching thing is the iron tower standing in the middle of the insurmountable barbed wire fence on the vast high ground. These towers are more than 50 meters high. The top is a bright big iron ball, the middle and lower parts are surrounded by dense iron rings, and the shape is very strange.Bunkers, anti-aircraft guns, small anti-aircraft missiles and other weapons are also arranged around the tower.

"What kind of new weapon is that?" Kang Youwei asked Einstein, pointing to a never-before-seen iron tower.

"Oh, I forgot to introduce." Truss came over first and said proudly, "The key project of the vault laboratory." He deliberately paused to make the following words quite explosive, "Magnetic energy tower!"

"Magnetic energy tower? Is this the magnetic energy tower?" Everyone stared at the tall tower under the cloudy clouds in the distance, all in amazement.

At this time, a voice came from the steps of the main entrance of the building: "Driven by high-power electricity, a huge electromagnetic effect will be generated on the tower body. As long as there is an enemy in the magnetic field within a radius of ten kilometers, the iron ball at the top will be released. High energy arc, destroy it."

Everyone looked over, and the speaker was wearing a white coat, standing on the steps of the front door, with a burly figure, thick hair, a big square face, and a proud expression of a Western European, looking at the magnetic energy tower in the distance.

"Let me introduce you." Truss said enthusiastically, then led Guan Xuqing up, and introduced to the visitors: "This is His Majesty the Emperor."

"Rutherford, Ernest Rutherford." The white coat introduced himself with a resounding voice. This unusual person likes to put his surname first, and always puts his position behind for emphasis , "The chief engineer of the two laboratories of nuclear physics and electromagnetics." Rutherford did not salute the emperor, nor did he show any surprise.

"Hello, Mr. Rutherford." Guan Xuqing didn't care, and said with a smile, and took off the glove of his right hand and stretched out his right hand to the other party.

Rutherford stretched out his right hand condescendingly, firmly grasped the opponent's hand, and said, "Hello, His Majesty the Great Emperor, it's a pleasure to meet you."

Kang Guangren gently introduced this arrogant man even more arrogant than Rutherford in the ear of the emperor, "Ernest Rutherford is recognized by the scientific community as the greatest experimental physicist of this century. In terms of nuclear theory, Einstein is the well-deserved founder, but in experimental nuclear physics, Rutherford has played an absolute leading role. Without him, there would be no first empire. An atomic bomb. In addition to being theoretically important, his discoveries had important applications on a wide range, such as nuclear power plants, radiological markers, and the use of radioactive dating. His influence on the world was extremely important and growing, His influence will last forever. He is known as the father of modern nuclear physics."

In fact, due to time constraints, Kang Guangren can only introduce a superficial introduction. Rutherford's status in the vault laboratory can definitely keep pace with Einstein, Tesla and others.In terms of scientific achievements, his research on radioactivity established that radioactivity is a change originating from the interior of atoms.Radioactivity can change one kind of atom into another kind of atom, which is beyond the reach of general physical and chemical changes; this discovery breaks the traditional concept that elements cannot change, and enables people to study the structure of matter into atoms Inside this new layer, groundbreaking work was done to open up a new scientific field of atomic physics. In 1911, Rutherford proposed the nuclear structure model based on the experimental phenomenon of alpha particle scattering.The experiment was rated as one of the "most beautiful experiments in physics" by the world's scientific community. In 1919, Rutherford experimented with bombarding nitrogen nuclei with alpha particles.He shot a particle from the nitrogen nucleus, and measured its charge and mass. Its charge is one unit, and its mass is also one unit. Rutherford named it a proton.In addition, he irrefutably demonstrated the nuclear model of the atom through the study of alpha particles being scattered by matter, thus leading the study of atomic structure on the right track in one fell swoop, so he is known as the father of atomic physics.Because of the contradiction between the stability of the electron orbit, that is, the stability of the atomic structure, and classical electrodynamics, Bohr proposed a revolutionary quantum hypothesis that deviated from classical physics and became a pioneer of quantum mechanics.

The realization of artificial nuclear reaction is another major contribution of Rutherford.Since the radioactive decay of elements was confirmed, people have been trying to use various means, such as arc discharge, to achieve the artificial decay of elements, but only Rutherford found the correct way to achieve this decay.This method of bombarding the nucleus with particles or gamma rays to cause a nuclear reaction soon became an important means for people to study the nucleus and apply nuclear technology.In Rutherford's later years, he was able to use artificially accelerated particles to cause nuclear reactions in the laboratory.

However, Rutherford is a person who likes to immerse himself in experiments, which makes his reputation far less than that of Einstein. Many people even mistakenly believe that the atomic bomb was developed by Einstein alone.

When the scientific community commented on Rutherford's achievements, he always mentioned that he was "full of peaches and plums". Under Rutherford's careful training, many of his students and assistants won the Nobel Prize: In 1912, Rutherford His assistant Soddy won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry; in 1913, Rutherford's student Aston won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry; in the same year, his student Bohr won the Nobel Prize in Physics; in 1917, Rutherford's assistant Wilson won the Nobel Prize in Physics; in 1918, his student Chadwick won the Nobel Prize in Physics; in 1919, Rutherford's assistant Blackett won the Nobel Prize in Physics; in the second year, his students Kercraft and Walton, jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Some people say that if there is a Nobel Prize for cultivating talents in the world, then Rutherford is definitely the number one candidate.

Like Truss, Rutherford had many interesting stories since he was a child.Rutherford grew up in a poor family. Through his own hard work, this poor boy completed his studies.This arduous study experience cultivated Rutherford's spirit of never returning to the goal and moving forward bravely.Later, the students nicknamed him the crocodile and decorated the crocodile badge on the door of his laboratory.Because the crocodile never looks back, he opens his mouth to devour everything and keeps moving forward.

In 1908, Rutherford won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry that year. He was a little surprised that he did not win the Physics Prize. He said wittily: "I have transformed into a chemist." "This is my whole life." A great joke!"

Rutherford was also an outstanding academic leader, known as the man who "never made an enemy and never lost a friend".Among his assistants and students, there are as many as 12 Nobel Prize winners.Bohr, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, once affectionately called Rutherford "my second father." In the scientific world, there are still many short stories about Rutherford's meticulous training of students.

Rutherford was one of those "extremely revealing" people who made a lasting impression on those who met him.He was tall, loud-voiced, energetic, confident, and deeply immodest.When his colleagues remarked that he had uncanny abilities and was always on the "top of the wave" in scientific research, he quickly replied: "That's right, why not? Anyway, I made the waves, Isn't it?" Nearly all scientists agree with this assessment.

In 1895, Rutherford, who was digging potatoes on the farm, received a notice from Cambridge University in the United Kingdom, informing him that he had been admitted as a scholarship student for the London International Exposition.After receiving the notice, Rutherford threw away the potato hoe and shouted: "This is the last potato I dug!"

Guan Xuqing looked at the almost bald scientist with a stubborn beard and unruly eyes in front of him, and became more and more interested in him.

"Your Majesty, let's go in and talk again." Truss urged, "It's getting colder and colder outside."

"This winter is particularly abnormal." Rutherford said as he led everyone to the vault laboratory, "but I think it's very likely that the Yankees are playing tricks."

"Oh, Rutherford, you always like to associate any anomaly with Yankees." Einstein said with a smile.

"I have evidence." Even if Rutherford was arguing, he still had that haughty attitude. "Images from weather satellites show that two funnel-shaped atmospheric vortices are forming over Central Siberia and West Siberia. Note that they are atmospheric vortices." He emphasized, "To be precise, they are atmospheric funnels, which are similar to the cold high pressure in winter." Different. The cold air from the stratosphere has invaded the troposphere through these two funnels, causing the current severe cold. As the cold air spreads over a large area, the severe cold will become more and more severe."

As they talked, they walked into the atrium, which was spacious and bright, and filled with warm air.

"But this phenomenon doesn't seem to have anything to do with Americans," Einstein interjected.

Truss looked back at Einstein, as if seeing a layman, and said: "Mr. Rutherford is right. We have detected strange changes in the magnetic field in these two regions. It is certain that the two huge atmospheric funnels are produced by the magnetic field. The special magnetic field can move the molecules and atoms in the air. At the same time, our space force just happened to monitor two large satellites of unknown nationality with 24 area where the second pass through the funnel occurs."

(End of this chapter)