Chapter 528 October Revolution
After Guan Xuqing dealt with the matter of exterminating Yuan, he summoned Duan Qirui and Feng Guozhang, who had been imprisoned by Yuan Shikai for more than 20 days, and highly commended their loyalty. He immediately proposed to appoint Duan Qirui as the governor of Singapore. The rank of general remained in Indonesia, and Cai E was promoted to the governor of Malaysia.Duan Qirui and others were grateful, and immediately set about rebuilding Singapore and restoring social order.
Guan Xuqing also ordered the military command to commend the ministers of the land, sea and air forces in the campaign to suppress Yuan.Yuan Shikai's rebellion finally came to an end.
But at this time, the world situation has been surging, the progress of historical development is accelerating, and the butterfly effect is infinitely magnified.
General von Ludendorff, the chief of staff of the German army, published the famous military theory book "Total Warfare". As a start, it will be rekindled in Germany.
Ludendorff expounded a war thesis with a vision of the future: first, both war and politics should be subordinated to national survival, but war is the highest expression of national survival will.So politics should serve combat.Second, the basis of the general war is the spiritual unity of the nation.Third, implement the militarization of the national economy.The peacetime economy is transformed into wartime, and important materials such as food, clothing, and fuel must be stored in large quantities in peacetime, and the issuing banks should be placed under the authority of the central government to strive for self-sufficiency in war materials, expand the armament industry, and prepare for long-term wars.Fourth, military operations must implement the principles of coordination, suddenness, and swiftness.It is necessary to select the most dangerous enemy as the main target, invest the largest force in the decisive area, and carry out the heaviest blow.Fifth, we must establish a dictatorial war command system, with people who have excellent qualities such as outstanding talents, strong character, abundant energy, and keen observation skills as commanders.
The differences between Hindenburg and Ludendorff in terms of military strategy became more and more serious, and Ludendorff desperately hoped to find a military wizard who understood military affairs to take over Hindenburg's position.Who could this person be?
After the establishment of the Bolshevik organization, the working class movement in Russia was surging. Faced with such a large-scale movement temporarily, Russia initially suppressed it, and later concealed it, but it was difficult to stop this momentum of development.The purpose of the Russian labor movement is very clear, that is, to overthrow the decadent, depraved, and temporarily dependent on Chinese forces. It needs a political power that can speak for the majority of the people. Of course, there is one person behind this movement trend, that is Lenin !
Lenin was 32 years old this year, and he temporarily lived in the home of a watchmaker in Zurich in Geneva. The Swiss are not indifferent to politics, but they are unwilling to ask about political issues that have nothing to do with them. In their view, each side has its own Reason, let history judge who is right and who is wrong. It is better to maintain a neutral attitude.
When China was busy with natural and man-made disasters, Ludendorff hoped to reach a temporary consensus with Russia in a certain aspect and win over this puppet by the way, but he was rejected by the other party several times. Faced with any difficulties, Russia does not intend to abandon this backer, and people will never want to see the outbreak of the second Sino-Russian war.
Angrily, Ludendorff began to look for Russia's enemies and planned to support them, so he set his sights on the Bolsheviks, especially the leader of this new party, Lenin.
During Lenin's stay in Switzerland, Ludendorff provided Lenin with many political campaign assistance through the German military, and also won Lenin's favor. The two exchanged letters many times, and they seemed to have become political friends.At Lenin's request, Ludendorff assisted him to the Swiss port city of Zassnitz and from there to Malmo, Sweden.Germany asked Sweden to transport the professional revolutionary Lenin to Helsinki, the capital of Finland, then still a Russian province.The German Ministry of Foreign Affairs said in a note: "If the neutral country does not allow the Russians to enter Sweden, the Supreme Command will consider arranging for Lenin and his party to enter Russia through the German defense line."
No country in Europe would turn a deaf ear to the demands of the Germans, let alone a small Sweden, which, under pressure from Germany, quickly allowed the professional revolutionary Lenin to cross the border.
After everything was ready, Lenin took the Scandinavian Express back to Petrograd and got off early at the Finnish railway station.In order to avoid Russia's temporary arrest, Lenin wore a beard and a wig there, and in order to cover up, the train driver also released a lot of steam for him.
Trotsky, who was in the Petrograd Soviet at the time, came to the Finnish train station in person to be responsible for Lenin's safety. Trotsky was a Jew and was extremely loyal to Lenin.At the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party this year, Trotsky was elected to the Petrograd Soviet and the Revolutionary Military Council of the Petrograd Soviet.But he is very clear that these all come from Lenin. Without Lenin, his own power, Bolsheviks, Soviets, etc., everything will cease to exist.
After returning to Petrograd, Trotsky let Lenin hide in the Smolny Women's Academy near the Proletarian Dictatorship Square, which was originally given by Empress Catherine to her old lover, Duke Potemkin "One-eyed Beast". The "bedroom" has now become the center of Soviet power in Russia due to the arrival of Lenin.A red storm sweeping across Russia will start from here!
On June 6 of that year, representatives from various Soviets held the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets in Petrograd. After elections, the Bolsheviks won 16 of the 822 seats.At the meeting, Lenin delivered a very appealing speech: "The turning point in the entire history of the Russian revolution has arrived. The Russian revolution happened, and the British imperialist bourgeoisie helped. The British imperialist bourgeoisie thought that Russia was at the same time. China or India is about the same. But otherwise, in addition to a majority of landowners and capitalists in Russia, there have also been representative bodies such as Soviets that have never been heard or seen in the world in terms of strength. If you participate The bourgeois coalition cabinet is strangling this representative body, which no working people wants to see. The Russian revolution also managed to make the revolutionary struggle against the capitalists from below gain great sympathy in all countries. The question now is: to advance or to retreat. It is impossible to stand still during the revolutionary period. What I want to say now is that the offensive was a turning point in the entire Russian revolution in a political and economic sense. To attack now is to continue Carrying out the massacre of imperialism is to continue to awaken hundreds of thousands or millions of people for the rise of a great nation. With the support of poor peasants, transferring power to the hands of the revolutionary proletariat is to transfer to The fewest and surest way to wage a revolutionary struggle for peace, with the assurance of power and victory not only in Russia but throughout the world!"
This speech was considered a militant call to arms for the Soviets to launch an impromptu offensive.
Lenin was prosecuted temporarily for inciting mutiny among the Russian workers and for strange espionage, while Trotsky, a radical in the revolution, was arrested.Lenin moved to the Finnish forest under the protection of the Soviet leadership.Stalin traveled between Petrograd and the Lake District, acting as a liaison between the Politburo and Lenin.
That night, the last passenger train left the Petrograd Seaside Railway Station.Among the passengers was a man dressed as a Finnish farmer who got off at Razlev not far from the Finnish border. He was Lenin!The sparkling lake of Razreef.Lenin lived in a hut by the lake.There is a kitchen in the straw hut: a log is supported by two tree branches, and a small pot is hung on it.In front of the thatched shed, an open space was cleared, and two tree stumps were placed, one as a table and the other as a stool.Lenin humorously called it "my green office"
Here, he carefully read every newspaper published in Petrograd and analyzed the revolutionary situation. Bolshevik representatives often came here to report on their work and receive instructions.The bonfire on the shore of Razlev Lake is particularly bright in the dark night. It connects the fate of the world proletarian revolution. Lenin worked hard and thought hard here, and wrote the glorious Marxist book "State and Revolution".
In the second half of June, ad hoc spies set their sights on the shores of Razreef Lake.According to the instructions of the Communist Party of China, Lenin disguised himself as a railway worker, avoided the surveillance of the reactionary authorities, and arrived in Helsinki.
On July 7, Lev Davidovich Blomstein, a Jew under the pseudonym "Trotsky", Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, under the pseudonym "Lenin", and "Stalin" under the pseudonym 5 people, including Roshiv Vissarionovich Djugashvili, secretly sneaked back to the home of the female revolutionary Galina Sukhanova in Petrograd to plot a meeting. Since Lenin was wanted, so This time with tinted glasses and a long wig. "Stalin" is Djugashvili's sixth alias, which means steel.
At the rally, Lenin announced that the Bolsheviks, who accounted for a minority of the Social Democratic Party, had no chance of winning the all-Russian general election starting in November, so they must seize power by force. Other representatives, including Stalin, suspected that Lenin had a brain problem.But Lenin said with great foresight: "Without revolutionary public opinion, there will be no revolutionary action." Then he solemnly declared: "The socialist revolution on a world scale begins now!"
Two days later, Lenin ordered an uprising through Trotsky, and the cruiser Aurora was ordered to fire at the temporary location of the Winter Palace. "Aurora" was built and launched in Petersburg in May 1900, with a displacement of 5 tons, a speed of 6731 knots, and a crew of 20 on board.This warship has long been in the hands of the Soviet regime. At this time, the ship is undergoing routine maintenance in the dock. Now it suddenly received an order to fire. Sailor Yevdorjim Ognev was quick to use his only empty bag The bullet hit the night sky. "Aurora" then broadcast Lenin's "Report to the Citizens of Russia" on the ship's radio, announcing that "it has been temporarily overthrown, and the state power has been transferred to the organ of the Petrograd Soviet of Engineers and Soldiers, that is, to lead the Petrograd proletariat." And in the hands of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the garrison, the socialist revolution on a world scale has begun!"
(End of this chapter)
After Guan Xuqing dealt with the matter of exterminating Yuan, he summoned Duan Qirui and Feng Guozhang, who had been imprisoned by Yuan Shikai for more than 20 days, and highly commended their loyalty. He immediately proposed to appoint Duan Qirui as the governor of Singapore. The rank of general remained in Indonesia, and Cai E was promoted to the governor of Malaysia.Duan Qirui and others were grateful, and immediately set about rebuilding Singapore and restoring social order.
Guan Xuqing also ordered the military command to commend the ministers of the land, sea and air forces in the campaign to suppress Yuan.Yuan Shikai's rebellion finally came to an end.
But at this time, the world situation has been surging, the progress of historical development is accelerating, and the butterfly effect is infinitely magnified.
General von Ludendorff, the chief of staff of the German army, published the famous military theory book "Total Warfare". As a start, it will be rekindled in Germany.
Ludendorff expounded a war thesis with a vision of the future: first, both war and politics should be subordinated to national survival, but war is the highest expression of national survival will.So politics should serve combat.Second, the basis of the general war is the spiritual unity of the nation.Third, implement the militarization of the national economy.The peacetime economy is transformed into wartime, and important materials such as food, clothing, and fuel must be stored in large quantities in peacetime, and the issuing banks should be placed under the authority of the central government to strive for self-sufficiency in war materials, expand the armament industry, and prepare for long-term wars.Fourth, military operations must implement the principles of coordination, suddenness, and swiftness.It is necessary to select the most dangerous enemy as the main target, invest the largest force in the decisive area, and carry out the heaviest blow.Fifth, we must establish a dictatorial war command system, with people who have excellent qualities such as outstanding talents, strong character, abundant energy, and keen observation skills as commanders.
The differences between Hindenburg and Ludendorff in terms of military strategy became more and more serious, and Ludendorff desperately hoped to find a military wizard who understood military affairs to take over Hindenburg's position.Who could this person be?
After the establishment of the Bolshevik organization, the working class movement in Russia was surging. Faced with such a large-scale movement temporarily, Russia initially suppressed it, and later concealed it, but it was difficult to stop this momentum of development.The purpose of the Russian labor movement is very clear, that is, to overthrow the decadent, depraved, and temporarily dependent on Chinese forces. It needs a political power that can speak for the majority of the people. Of course, there is one person behind this movement trend, that is Lenin !
Lenin was 32 years old this year, and he temporarily lived in the home of a watchmaker in Zurich in Geneva. The Swiss are not indifferent to politics, but they are unwilling to ask about political issues that have nothing to do with them. In their view, each side has its own Reason, let history judge who is right and who is wrong. It is better to maintain a neutral attitude.
When China was busy with natural and man-made disasters, Ludendorff hoped to reach a temporary consensus with Russia in a certain aspect and win over this puppet by the way, but he was rejected by the other party several times. Faced with any difficulties, Russia does not intend to abandon this backer, and people will never want to see the outbreak of the second Sino-Russian war.
Angrily, Ludendorff began to look for Russia's enemies and planned to support them, so he set his sights on the Bolsheviks, especially the leader of this new party, Lenin.
During Lenin's stay in Switzerland, Ludendorff provided Lenin with many political campaign assistance through the German military, and also won Lenin's favor. The two exchanged letters many times, and they seemed to have become political friends.At Lenin's request, Ludendorff assisted him to the Swiss port city of Zassnitz and from there to Malmo, Sweden.Germany asked Sweden to transport the professional revolutionary Lenin to Helsinki, the capital of Finland, then still a Russian province.The German Ministry of Foreign Affairs said in a note: "If the neutral country does not allow the Russians to enter Sweden, the Supreme Command will consider arranging for Lenin and his party to enter Russia through the German defense line."
No country in Europe would turn a deaf ear to the demands of the Germans, let alone a small Sweden, which, under pressure from Germany, quickly allowed the professional revolutionary Lenin to cross the border.
After everything was ready, Lenin took the Scandinavian Express back to Petrograd and got off early at the Finnish railway station.In order to avoid Russia's temporary arrest, Lenin wore a beard and a wig there, and in order to cover up, the train driver also released a lot of steam for him.
Trotsky, who was in the Petrograd Soviet at the time, came to the Finnish train station in person to be responsible for Lenin's safety. Trotsky was a Jew and was extremely loyal to Lenin.At the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party this year, Trotsky was elected to the Petrograd Soviet and the Revolutionary Military Council of the Petrograd Soviet.But he is very clear that these all come from Lenin. Without Lenin, his own power, Bolsheviks, Soviets, etc., everything will cease to exist.
After returning to Petrograd, Trotsky let Lenin hide in the Smolny Women's Academy near the Proletarian Dictatorship Square, which was originally given by Empress Catherine to her old lover, Duke Potemkin "One-eyed Beast". The "bedroom" has now become the center of Soviet power in Russia due to the arrival of Lenin.A red storm sweeping across Russia will start from here!
On June 6 of that year, representatives from various Soviets held the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets in Petrograd. After elections, the Bolsheviks won 16 of the 822 seats.At the meeting, Lenin delivered a very appealing speech: "The turning point in the entire history of the Russian revolution has arrived. The Russian revolution happened, and the British imperialist bourgeoisie helped. The British imperialist bourgeoisie thought that Russia was at the same time. China or India is about the same. But otherwise, in addition to a majority of landowners and capitalists in Russia, there have also been representative bodies such as Soviets that have never been heard or seen in the world in terms of strength. If you participate The bourgeois coalition cabinet is strangling this representative body, which no working people wants to see. The Russian revolution also managed to make the revolutionary struggle against the capitalists from below gain great sympathy in all countries. The question now is: to advance or to retreat. It is impossible to stand still during the revolutionary period. What I want to say now is that the offensive was a turning point in the entire Russian revolution in a political and economic sense. To attack now is to continue Carrying out the massacre of imperialism is to continue to awaken hundreds of thousands or millions of people for the rise of a great nation. With the support of poor peasants, transferring power to the hands of the revolutionary proletariat is to transfer to The fewest and surest way to wage a revolutionary struggle for peace, with the assurance of power and victory not only in Russia but throughout the world!"
This speech was considered a militant call to arms for the Soviets to launch an impromptu offensive.
Lenin was prosecuted temporarily for inciting mutiny among the Russian workers and for strange espionage, while Trotsky, a radical in the revolution, was arrested.Lenin moved to the Finnish forest under the protection of the Soviet leadership.Stalin traveled between Petrograd and the Lake District, acting as a liaison between the Politburo and Lenin.
That night, the last passenger train left the Petrograd Seaside Railway Station.Among the passengers was a man dressed as a Finnish farmer who got off at Razlev not far from the Finnish border. He was Lenin!The sparkling lake of Razreef.Lenin lived in a hut by the lake.There is a kitchen in the straw hut: a log is supported by two tree branches, and a small pot is hung on it.In front of the thatched shed, an open space was cleared, and two tree stumps were placed, one as a table and the other as a stool.Lenin humorously called it "my green office"
Here, he carefully read every newspaper published in Petrograd and analyzed the revolutionary situation. Bolshevik representatives often came here to report on their work and receive instructions.The bonfire on the shore of Razlev Lake is particularly bright in the dark night. It connects the fate of the world proletarian revolution. Lenin worked hard and thought hard here, and wrote the glorious Marxist book "State and Revolution".
In the second half of June, ad hoc spies set their sights on the shores of Razreef Lake.According to the instructions of the Communist Party of China, Lenin disguised himself as a railway worker, avoided the surveillance of the reactionary authorities, and arrived in Helsinki.
On July 7, Lev Davidovich Blomstein, a Jew under the pseudonym "Trotsky", Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, under the pseudonym "Lenin", and "Stalin" under the pseudonym 5 people, including Roshiv Vissarionovich Djugashvili, secretly sneaked back to the home of the female revolutionary Galina Sukhanova in Petrograd to plot a meeting. Since Lenin was wanted, so This time with tinted glasses and a long wig. "Stalin" is Djugashvili's sixth alias, which means steel.
At the rally, Lenin announced that the Bolsheviks, who accounted for a minority of the Social Democratic Party, had no chance of winning the all-Russian general election starting in November, so they must seize power by force. Other representatives, including Stalin, suspected that Lenin had a brain problem.But Lenin said with great foresight: "Without revolutionary public opinion, there will be no revolutionary action." Then he solemnly declared: "The socialist revolution on a world scale begins now!"
Two days later, Lenin ordered an uprising through Trotsky, and the cruiser Aurora was ordered to fire at the temporary location of the Winter Palace. "Aurora" was built and launched in Petersburg in May 1900, with a displacement of 5 tons, a speed of 6731 knots, and a crew of 20 on board.This warship has long been in the hands of the Soviet regime. At this time, the ship is undergoing routine maintenance in the dock. Now it suddenly received an order to fire. Sailor Yevdorjim Ognev was quick to use his only empty bag The bullet hit the night sky. "Aurora" then broadcast Lenin's "Report to the Citizens of Russia" on the ship's radio, announcing that "it has been temporarily overthrown, and the state power has been transferred to the organ of the Petrograd Soviet of Engineers and Soldiers, that is, to lead the Petrograd proletariat." And in the hands of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the garrison, the socialist revolution on a world scale has begun!"
(End of this chapter)
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