Thick black school

Chapter 47
Sogo's family background
Probably during the Southern Song Dynasty, a family surnamed Li rose up in Changle County, Jiaying Prefecture, Guangdong Province. The head of the family, Li Zimin, and his son Li Shangda, started a family and established a business. Slowly, the family prospered and their descendants multiplied, and they became a famous clan.Later, it was passed down from generation to generation, and it was passed down to the tenth generation. A man named Li Runtang came to Sichuan with his family in the third year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty.Since the massacre of Zhang Xianzhong at the end of Ming Dynasty, Sichuan has become vast and sparsely populated, and the people in the Huguang area have all moved here one after another. The reason for this family surnamed Li's relocation is no different.Since Li Runtang entered Sichuan, his family fortune has gradually prospered, and his descendants have multiplied and passed down to the eighth generation. A comet in the ideological world has emerged. He is poor in reading and good at innovation. "The founder Li Zongwu has become a celebrity in Sichuan since the Republic of China.

I had to read many of Li's works because I was avoiding bandits and entered Sichuan. I got to know each other through correspondence, and became good friends. I began to know all about his life, events, speeches and thoughts. He is not as vain and grotesque as rumored outside , a person who intends to shock the world, he is neither thick-faced nor dark-hearted; but he advocates "thick black studies" and calls himself "thick black leader". Why did you come here?People in the world don't have to laugh at him and scold him, they should first reflect deeply.Sakyamuni should not go to hell, and Jesus should not be crucified, but Sakyamuni said: "If I don't go to hell, who will go to hell?" Jesus said: "Anyone who does not carry the cross is not worthy of being our disciple. "What is the reason for this?We should also reflect on it.As for Li's talk about education, politics, academic thoughts, etc., they are all serious arguments, but his thoughts are a bit strange, and they are often unspoken by the predecessors and unspoken by others, so the general traditional scholars , Just call him an outsider.Now that Mrs. Li is an ancient person, he is no longer afraid of his high-sounding words, but his life's deeds are still unknown to the world, and many of his words and thoughts during his lifetime have been ignored.In order to commemorate this deceased friend, I spared no effort to write this biography of the master of Houhei, so that the world can use it to judge his merits and crimes.

Li Zongwu was born on the thirteenth day of the first lunar month in the fifth year of Guangxu. The word "Zongwu" was not his original name, it was changed repeatedly later on.His name has been changed several times. When he was young, his temper was very arrogant and unreasonable. People who saw him called him "King of Man"; The word "Shi" in the previous generation was named Shiquan.The fortune teller said that he had less "gold" in his hit, so he added Jin Pang to become Shi Quan. Later, the private school teacher said that he had less "wood" in his hit, and he didn't have a lot of gold. He also felt that his father gave him a bad name. He changed his name to Shijie Zongru, which meant he believed in Confucius. At the age of 25, his thinking changed drastically, and he was quite dissatisfied with Confucianism. He thought that his patriarchal clan was not as good as Confucius, so he changed his name to Zongwu. He often said: "The word Zongwu is the banner of my independent thinking. "In the future, almost no one will know the names of Zongwu, Zixing, and Shijie.

Zongwu has seven brothers and two sisters.Among the brothers, he was the sixth. The third brother died early, and the other six houses were all established. His father named it "Liuqiantang".Except for him, all his brothers are farmers, but his seventh brother later started a business house, which has a slightly commercial nature.Zongwu believed in heredity and prenatal education. He said that he was so good at reading that he was born with it, because the years when he was born were when his father was studying behind closed doors.And he also cited Su's father and son as evidence. He said: "The world says that Su Laoquan was 27 years old before he studied hard. Kao Laoquan was born in Yiyou, the second year of Xiangfu of Song Zhenzong, and he was 27 years old in Yihai, the second year of Renzong Mingdao. Su Dongpo was born in December 27th, Bingzi Year! Su Ziyou was born on February 40th, Jimao Year. The two brothers were born when Lao Quan studied hard. In history, only Lao Quan studied hard at the age of [-]. Quan alone gave birth to two great writers; only my father was the only one who studied vigorously at the age of [-], and it is not surprising that he gave birth to a leader. Dongpo is full of talent and heroic writing; The annotations by Lao Tzu are the masterpieces of ancient and modern times. It is about Lao Quan studying hard. In the last years of my life, I was calm and quiet, and I liked Lao Tzu, quite like Ziyou; unfortunately, I was born in a peasant family, and because I couldn’t learn how to learn, I must feel ashamed of Ziyou.” He said that his strange thoughts also came from his father, but in fact his family For several generations, their personalities are a bit special.Let's go back to his great-grandfather first, let's take a look at his lineage.

Zongwu's great-grandfather, named Qiufang, had an extremely serious personality. Although he was the owner of a dyeing shop, he was dignified, and everyone respected him.If the children of the mortal clan, those who are disheveled or drunk, walk up to his shop, they will immediately hold their breath and restrain themselves, not daring to pass by.But he didn't speak harshly to people, and still had a kind and gentle attitude.He has never done anything wrong in his life and lived to be 70 years old.Before he died, he ordered his family members to put their hands into the towel, bathe their faces, and tidy up their hats with their hands, and then they died with a few.

Zongwu's grandfather, named Leshan, had been a farmer all his life, and sold side dishes. In his spare time, he sold oil candles and straw sandals, and peddled along the street.He is tall in stature and simple in temperament.Going to the street to carry dung, if someone talks to him, he will stand up and answer, with the dung on his shoulders, he will not know how to put it down.When he met a cunning person, he deliberately made fun of him. After talking for a long time, he would change his left shoulder for his right shoulder, and his right shoulder for his left shoulder, which made everyone in the street laugh.He went to bed after dinner, and when the family went to bed, he had already woken up, and then he would not sleep again.When he was fast asleep, he would not wake up even if he shouted, as if shouting "The robber is coming!", he would wake up in shock.After going to bed late, he sorted out the small vegetables that should be sold tomorrow, and when he was done, he took a pole in his hand and went to guard the vegetable garden.The vegetable garden is close to the main road, and the thieves who pass by stealing things are often captured by him and returned to the owner. Therefore, the thieves are very afraid of him and often make a detour.The family is usually reluctant to eat meat. At the end of the year, he only cut ten catties of meat and prepared to marinate it.He trimmed the corners with a knife, and about half a catty was cut off, so he ordered his wife to pull out radishes and make soup, and told her: "Keep the big ones for sale, and keep the small ones to grow. You have to choose a litter." Twins and broken ones can’t be sold, so they are pulled out.” His wife searched all over the garden, but he couldn’t find one, so he reluctantly allowed it to be used.When the soup was hot, he held the spoon himself, poured it into a bowl, then poured it into a pot, poured it again, poured it again, poured it again.His wife asked: "What are you doing?" He said: "I want to distribute it to my family and workers, but I suffer from it being unfair and common!" Not long after this happened, he fell ill and died.His wife cut one side of the flesh and presented it before the spirit. When she saw it, she wept bitterly, saying to herself, "There are more tears than flesh"!Because of his regret, he took the shoulder pole he used in his lifetime and treasured it, and said, "The descendants of future generations are like Changda, they should be wrapped in red silk, hung on the beam of the main hall, and kept as a memorial forever!" It is said that this pole has been preserved by his descendants until now In the ninth year of the Republic of China, it was destroyed by thieves.His wife, Zeng Shi, is the daughter of a rich family in Gaoshanzhai. After she got married, she accompanied her husband all the year round in operations, carrying water and manure, and never complained.Sometimes when Gui Ning saw the leftover food left by cats and dogs, he secretly thought, how can my family get such leftover food?When Zongwu was young, he heard his parents mention this incident many times, and warned their brothers: "The ancestors were so poor, so hardworking, and it was so hard to eat. Children and grandchildren must not forget it! "

Zongwu's father, named Gao Ren, styled Jing'an.He used to study business abroad. Since his father died, he has been working as a family farmer, working with his wife, working hard all day, just like his parents.He often took out the shoulder pole left by his father as a warning, so his family became richer and he was able to buy land.Unfortunately, at the age of 40, he became sick due to work. The doctor warned him: "Give up the housework quickly and rest in peace, or you will die!" He completely entrusted the housework to his wife and concentrated on recuperating.After three years, Shi was able to heal.When he was convalescing, he got the opportunity to read books. He first found books such as "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "The Romance of the Nations" to read, and then he read the sermons of the Four Books. He read them again and again, and he saw the truth from them. , that is, "the book is the world, and the world is the book".

Later, he only read three books and ignored all other books.Which three books?The first is "Sheng Yu Guang Xun", which was promulgated by Qianlong and followed by Zhu Bolu's family management motto.The second is "Gu Xin Yao Lan", which is just one of the whole books. It contains famous sayings such as Sima Guang and Tang Yixiu, which he calls a book of aphorisms.The third is the memorial of Yang Jisheng's participation in Yan Song's ten evils and five traitors, with a will attached (it was written on the eve of Jiaoshan's righteousness, and his son was taught, and what he said was the way of doing things at home).In addition, there is a "Annotation to the Three Character Classic", which I don't often read.Even among the three big books, only the first two books he couldn't put down.A few days before his death, he still read and could not bear to put it down.He often said: "Why do you read so many books? In every book, if you think that chapter is good, you should write it down firmly and follow it, and don't read the rest that don't suit you."

He likes to read aloud aloud. In "Sheng Yu Guang Xun", there are these two sentences: "The son of man does not know how to be filial to his parents, but does he not think of his parents' love for their children?" These few lines: "Poverty and lowliness begets diligence and thrift, and diligence and thrift begets wealth and honor, and wealth and honor begets arrogance and extravagance, and arrogance and extravagance begets prostitution, and prostitution and prostitution begets poverty and lowliness."

It is true that he read so little, and he has never written a word in his life, which is especially strange.When Zongwu was seven or eight years old, an emergency happened. His father asked him to get a pen and ink to write a letter, but when he got it, his father said no more.But Zongwu said: "My strange thoughts originated from my father, and the way of reading is also derived from my father." This will be proved after a long time.

Since Zongwu's father became seriously ill, he didn't dare to do heavy work anymore, but he occasionally pulled sugarcane leaves or covered them with ashes when planting soybeans.But when he has free time, he reads books, which are naturally his favorite books. Whenever a worker goes to work in the field, he carries a leaf tobacco pole or a fire cage (a kind of oven), and sits on the edge of the field with books in his arms. , sometimes chatting with the workers, sometimes reading by himself.He is very expert in farming, and he inspects the ridges of the fields every morning. He often says, "I sleep at home, and I know all about the workers working in the fields." Where are you?" If he didn't pay attention and answered incorrectly, he would smile and say, "Don't talk nonsense!"

He paid attention to getting up early all his life. He said that he had read the family mottos of three people, all of whom advocated getting up early.Zhu Bolu said: "Wake up at dawn"; Tang Yixiu said: "Go to bed early and get up early, and take care of housework diligently"; Han Weigong said: "When managing a family and getting up early, all tasks will naturally unfold. If you go home late at night, you may be in danger of everything." Therefore, Although he doesn't get up early like his father, he always gets up with the crowing of the cock, and he is arbitrary every day, even in the middle of winter and heavy snow.

There were no matches at that time, so when he woke up every morning, he would strike flint with a fire chain, light a lamp, light a fire cage with charcoal, drink warm wine alone, and then sit with leaf smoke in his mouth until dawn.At this time, the work that the workers should do and the things that they should do are planned one by one.Therefore, he handles housework in a reasonable and orderly manner, and the workers do not waste a moment of time in their work.He was afraid that the workers would get up late and delay their work, and he felt annoying calling them every morning, so he made the door very tight, and when he saw the window turned white, he opened the door with a bang, and the workers would naturally wake up. up.

Because he likes to get up early and thinks well, he has never failed in negotiating with people in his life.He often said: "When negotiating with people, you must think about how he will come and how I should respond. When it comes to negotiating, I can handle it no matter where he comes from."

After he recovered from his illness, there was a nearby house that he wanted to sell to him, and he wanted it too, but because the asking price was too high, he deliberately said to the seller, "The price is too high, I can't afford it." Lian, always refused to let things go.Neighbors complained about whether he should buy it or not, and threatened to go to the government to sue, but he ignored it; even dug the way out of his house, he just detoured behind the house and didn't care about others.In the end, the house was still sold to him, and various entanglements arose at this time, but he still won the final victory.

Zongwu told me that his seventh younger brother, Shiben, was born when his father was fighting with his neighbors.Sure enough, Shiben was a man of the world, capable and alert. Later, when his parents died, brother and sister-in-law died, and the funeral was arranged by him alone, it was done in an orderly manner.Shiben also said to people: "I don't have anything to do, and I doze off when I sit up; if I have something to do, I am full of energy. In the past few years, fortunately, several people in my family have died, so I still have something to do, otherwise this life will be really sad!" So Zongwu used it to prove his theory of heredity and prenatal education, and he hoped to study it scientifically.When his father died, he was 69 years old, and he had already become a well-off family at that time.

Cantonese have a strong sense of commemoration of their ancestors, local values, and unity.Since the Li family came to Shu, they still deeply cherish the tombs of their ancestors and the safety of their fellow clan.So they also sent people to Guangdong to visit graves and condolences to the elders and children of the same clan.There is even an ancestral hall in Sichuan.The establishment of the ancestral hall is said to be people from other provinces who came to Sichuan and were often bullied by the locals, so they made an appointment: all the families surnamed Li in Guangdong will set up a meeting, which is called a "praise meeting", and if anyone comes to bully, they will fight with them together.Later, some people said that "holding praise" was illegal, so the ancestral hall was changed.

Cantonese people who come to Sichuan must choose Cantonese to marry a daughter and daughter-in-law. Occasionally, they make an exception to marry a local woman, and they must learn Cantonese to get started.When dealing with family and relatives, one must speak Cantonese, otherwise it is called selling ancestors.From Runtang to Zongwu's generation, the Li family has been counted as eight generations; but his nine brothers and sisters are all married to Cantonese.With this strong national character, coupled with the individual lineage passed down from generation to generation, if we believe in genetics, it is not surprising that a Li Zongwu with strange thoughts will be produced.

Zonggo's own statement
Since I invented the thick black science, most people call me the leader.Mencius said: Is it okay to sing his poems and read his books without knowing who that person is?So many people ask me to write an "autobiography", but I dare not, why?Those who pass on pass it on, which means that it is passed on to the current generation and passed on to future generations.Whether to pass it on or not, let others know, but how can you think it can be passed on?Your Confucius, and my family’s Dagong Dan, are both descendants through the ages, but they themselves say it without writing it.So I only write "self-report", not "autobiography".Since everyone asked me kindly, I had to explain it in detail, or if people didn't ask me, I would also talk about it and state it to him, which is called self-reporting.

Mr. Zhang Mosheng often corresponded with me, but we haven’t met each other yet. He asked me to write an "autobiography" with sincere love words. Because I wrote "Essays on Moving to the Old", I included my life experience in it, and I have already written a lot. Submitted to Shanghai "Cosmic Wind" for publication.Now change the plan, write about my life experience as "Yao Lao's Autobiography", and write about the philosophy of thick black studies into "Yu Lao Essays".My deeds, which have already been seen in "Puzzled Old Essays" and "Hou Hei Cong Hua", are omitted here.

I was born in a remote place, and the education I received as a child was very incomplete, and I had no way to learn. There are few origins from teachers and friends, but many origins from my father.

Leshan Gong gave birth to my father, whose name is Gao Ren, and whose name is Jing'an. After the ancestor passed away, he returned home to farm and took my mother to work. He worked as hard as his ancestor.My family, Jianyu, bought a field. When I was 40 years old, I got sick. I asked a doctor surnamed Yu to see him. Yu was related to my family. I was shocked and said, "Miao Li, how did you get this disease? It's because of overwork. As a result, I hurriedly put down the housework, as if I were dead. Rest in peace, or I will die." So my father handed over all the housework to my mother, and ignored everything.My father gave birth to two daughters. The eldest daughter died before leaving the pavilion. The second daughter was more than ten years old.

When my father was recuperating from illness, he looked for some books such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "Romance of All Nations".My father's uncle Wen Shangong was very knowledgeable. One day he saw his father and asked, "What do you do at home?" He replied, "Read the lectures in the Four Books." Wen Shangong praised him greatly, and my father was very happy. Interested in research.

My father was born in August of the Yiwei Year of Daoguang (AD 1835) and August of the Yihai Year of Guangxu (1875 AD), and he was 40 years old.I was born in the first month of the Jimao year (AD 1879), when my father was studying behind closed doors, so I am naturally fond of reading.World name: Su Laoquan (Su Xun), 27 years old, studying hard.Su Laoquan was born in Jiyou, the second year of Xiangfu (AD 1009) of Song Zhenzong, and Yihai, the second year of Renzong Mingdao (AD 1032), at the age of 27.Su Dongpo was born on December 1036th in Bingzi (AD 1039), and Su Ziyou was born on February 22 in Jimao Year (AD 27). His two brothers were born at the time when Lao Quan was studying hard. , Su Laoquan was 40 years old, studied hard, and gave birth to two literary giants; my father was [-] years old, studied hard, and gave birth to a leader, isn't it a miracle?My father and Su Laoquan studied angrily in the year of Yihai. I was born in Jimao, the same as Ziyou, and it happened by coincidence.Dongpo is talented and his writing is heroic, while Ziyou is very quiet, his writing is indifferent to the ocean, and he likes the learning of Huang Laozi. His annotated "Laozi Jie" is considered a masterpiece of ancient and modern times.Probably Laoquan studied furiously, at first he worked hard, and then he gradually became more rational and calm, so Dongpo and Ziyou have different endowments.I was born in the last years of my father's angrily studying, so I am quiet and like reading Lao Tzu, quite like Zi You.It's a pity that I was born in a farming family and had no famous teacher to teach me. I couldn't learn the way, so I feel ashamed of Ziyou.

When my father was recovering from illness, a neighbor had a property and wanted to sell it to my father. The asking price was very high. My father wanted to buy it but the price was too high. My father said whether my father should buy it or not, and even dug the way out of my house, so my father had to take a detour from behind the house.Finally, the property was bought by my father, and various entanglements arose during the purchase.My seventh brother was born on the 1881th day of the first lunar month in the year of Xinsi (AD [-]). He was born when my father was fighting with his neighbors, so he was capable and alert. When my parents died, my elder brother and sister-in-law died, he was responsible for all the funerals. Single-handedly.From this point of view, the so-called prenatal education of the ancients is really good.

(End of this chapter)