World history is very interesting: Yuan Tengfei talks about Japanese history

Chapter 10 Playing around and becoming a doll
The emperor cheated on his mother-in-law
After Emperor Huanwu moved the capital to Ping'an-kyo, it was finally safe, and the history of the Ping'an Dynasty began for more than 1000 years.

Emperor Huanmu passed away at a rare age, and was succeeded by his son, Prince Andian, who became Emperor Heijo.At the beginning of Emperor Heijo's succession to the throne, he was able to understand the public opinion and rest with the people, sweeping away the bad government of building a new capital and conquering Ezo during Emperor Kanmu's reign, which is quite a legacy of a sage.It's a pity that the hero is sad to pass the beauty pass.

As early as when Emperor Heicheng was the crown prince, he had an affair with his cousin, Fujiwara Yoko, known as a stunner of a generation.Ye Zi is both her cousin and her mother-in-law. The Japanese royal family is so chaotic.Although Ye Zi is Pingcheng's mother-in-law in terms of seniority, she is younger than Pingcheng in terms of age. The younger mother-in-law looks more and more interesting at her son-in-law, and she sees her on the bed.At that time, Emperor Huanwu was furious when he knew that his son had an affair with his mother-in-law, and immediately ordered Ye Zi to be expelled from the palace.But this is like Wu Zetian and Tang Gaozong, the more they can't steal, the more they want to steal, but the two can't break it.When Emperor Huanwu passed away, Ping Chengyi immediately arranged for Ye Zi to enter the palace as a regular attendant in the palace, and relive the old love with his mother-in-law.

Ye Zi was born in the Fujiwara family. She has been fascinated by it since she was a child. She is very keen on politics and very good at playing tricks.This time he became the emperor's servant. The opportunity was not lost, and when the time came, he promoted his brother Fujiwara Nakasari to the Japanese version of "Yang Guozhong".The two brothers and sisters acted in collusion, taking advantage of the opportunity of Emperor Heijo's ignorance of government affairs, to control the government, act in a false order, mess up the palace, and make Japan a mess.

It is a pity that Pingcheng fell ill after being the emperor for three years.When Pingcheng fell ill, he was worried that the ghost of his uncle, Prince Zao Liang, would take his life. In addition, he didn't care about government affairs, and all he wanted to do was spend time with his mother-in-law.Therefore, he simply abdicated the throne and gave up the throne to his younger brother, Emperor Saga. He became the Supreme Emperor himself, and then made his eldest son the crown prince.

For her son-in-law and lover Zen, Ye Zi strongly opposes it, and the retired emperor is worthless.However, due to Pingcheng's firm stand, he insisted on the Zen position, and Ye Zi didn't know what to do, watching Pingcheng's Zen position and Saga's ascension to the throne.

Leaf Rebellion is a farce

After Saga ascended the throne, he issued an edict to change many bad policies in the Pingcheng period, which offended Ye Zi.

Ye Zi and her elder brother used to rely on the power of Pingcheng to make money, but now they can't make money, so they blow the wind at the emperor's pillow, so as to drive apart the brotherhood between the emperor and the emperor, hoping to restore the original power of the emperor.

It just so happened that after the emperor took the Zen throne, his health improved day by day, and once he got better, he couldn't stay idle.He missed the days when he had great power in his hands, and his policies were overthrown by his younger brother, so he was persuaded by his mother-in-law and lover, so he made up his mind to move the capital to the old capital Heijo-kyo (now Nara) and prepare for another The Li Central Committee and his younger brother fought against each other.

It is very interesting that when Emperor Heijo was getting better day by day, Emperor Saga fell ill, so ill that he could not even hold the Grand Court Meeting on New Year's Day.Taking advantage of this opportunity, the Emperor Pingcheng issued orders in the old Jingping City.There are two imperial courts in one country, which are the famous two imperial courts in Japanese history.

But such a situation cannot last long. Although Emperor Saga was ill, he couldn't bear the restoration of the emperor.He summoned his confidants and organized a secret service agency called the Tibetan Institute, with Fujiwara Totsuji as the Tibetan head, specializing in reconnaissance of the emperor's actions.

Fujiwara Tosuji is a descendant of a famous family, proficient in sinology and martial arts.He investigated Ping Cheng and Ye Zi's every move very clearly.Emperor Saga listened to Fujiwara Fuyusuke's opinion, issued an edict to the world, refused to move the capital, and imprisoned Ye Zi's elder brother Fujiwara Nakayoshi, and then sent secret envoys to recall all the ministers who followed the emperor in the old capital, and dispatched capable veterans to lead the preparations. Attack the emperor.

When the emperor learned that the emperor sent troops to attack, he personally led the troops and marched to Ping'an capital with Ye Zi in a phoenix chariot.Unexpectedly, not long after the brigade went out, the gentry fled one after another.Because everyone regards Heian-kyo as orthodox, and thinks that Hei-jo-kyo is a restoration.

Seeing that the situation was over, the emperor had no choice but to return to the old capital and shave his hair to become a monk.Ye Zi has no skills and plays with fire everywhere. Now that things have happened, she has no choice but to commit suicide by taking medicine.The agency was too clever to calculate, and it missed Qingqing's life. Ye Zi was only 34 years old when she died.

Emperor Saga didn't pursue the emperor too much, but he abolished the original crown prince, that is, the emperor's son, as a commoner, made him become a monk, and then made his younger brother the emperor's younger brother, who would inherit the throne in the future.

That is, at the time of Saga, because there were too many children and the royal family had no surplus food, they could not afford to support so many children, so they had no choice but to exclude the children born to concubines who were born as common people as royal family members, and were reduced to the status of ministers. fend for yourself.But in order to distinguish them from ordinary subjects, the descendants of these royal families were given surnames one by one.This is how the two surnames Yuan and Ping were born, and these two surnames will later gain the limelight in history.

Saga and Junhe were two brothers who became emperors successively.Although the two brothers are not from the same mother, they have a deep brotherhood, which is really different from their predecessors.Saga married his daughter to Chunhe and became his younger brother's father-in-law.Of course, among the Japanese royal family, such intermarriages are not surprising.

Emperor Junhe expressed his gratitude. After being the emperor for ten years, he abdicated to his uncle and nephew. This is Emperor Nimei.Emperor Renming succeeded to the throne, and appointed the son born to Chunhe's uncle and sister as the crown prince.

Faced with this situation, Emperor Saga felt that his life was very happy. His son became the emperor, and his grandson was established as the crown prince.But unexpectedly, Xiao Qiang was soon troubled again.

The old father-in-law who has been the emperor for generations

Less than three days after the death of Emperor Saga, there was an incident.Because the crown prince established by Emperor Renming is Prince Hengzhen, born to his uncle Chunhe and his sister, he is his cousin in terms of seniority.In terms of matrilineal seniority, Prince Hengzhen is the grandson of Saga.This person is very much favored by Emperor Saga.

However, Emperor Nimei had a son, and his son, Prince Daokang, was born to the daughter of Fujiwara Fuyutsugu.When Saga quelled the Leaf Rebellion, Fuyutsuji Fujiwara contributed a lot and was promoted to the right minister.In ancient Japan, the highest official position was the Minister of Taizheng, and the next was the Minister of Left and Right.These are all high-ranking officials who are Zhengyi, which is equivalent to Zhengyipin in ancient China.In order to repay Fujiwara Tousugu's contribution, Saga not only turned Fujiwara Tousugu's daughter into his own daughter-in-law, but also married his own daughter to Fujiwara Tousugu's son Fujiwara Ryobo.

In Japanese history, Fujiwara Yoshinho was the first son-in-law who was not born in the imperial family. That is to say, before him, the imperial daughters of Japan were exclusively for the royal family and intermarriage between brothers and sisters. field.Fujiwara Yoshinho opened the first of its kind for Japanese imperial daughters to marry abroad.

Although Emperor Nimei appointed his cousin and nephew as the crown prince, but after all he had his own son, he was very unwilling.Queen Shunzi also kept blowing wind in her ear.In addition to Fujiwara Liangfang, there are five or six descendants of the Fujiwara family who hold important positions in the court.

Speaking of the Fujiwara family, it is very famous. The first generation of the Fujiwara family is the famous Nakatomi Kamazu.Nakatomi Kamazu became the ancestor of Tanghua in Japan because he assisted the eldest brother Prince Nakazu in launching a coup d'état, killing the Soga family, and creating Taika Kaixin. He was given the surname Fujiwara before his death.After the death of Fujiwara Kamazu, his son Fujiwara Bubi waited to inherit his father's seat.Fujiwara Bubiwai was a great statesman in ancient Japan. He formulated laws and regulations and compiled history books.His daughter, Miyako Fujiwara, was the concubine of Emperor Wenmu, his grandson became Emperor Shomu, and the son of his second wife became Empress Guangming.We have talked about these before.

In Fujiwara's non-big concept, the Japanese emperor holds authority, and the Fujiwara family holds power. The Fujiwara family sends their daughters to the palace to become empresses, and to be the father-in-law of the current emperor and the grandfather of the next emperor for generations. This is to gain power.Fujiwara Bubiwai not only conceived of this political structure system, but also began to implement it in his hands.

After Fujiwara Bubiwai's death, the four families represented by his four sons began to fight among themselves, and the Fujiwara Kita family won in the end.In the Heian period, the Fujiwara Kita family began to serve as the regent and Guanbai, and became the relatives of the imperial family.

The late Heian period was when the Fujiwara clan had the greatest power.They agreed that Emperor Nimei's eldest son, Daoyasu, should inherit the Datong, while the son of Emperor Junhe, Prince Hengzhen, was established as the crown prince, which was suspected of usurpation.The Fujiwara family wanted to abolish Hengzhen and establish Daokang, but Hengzhen didn't know why, but because he had no countermeasures, he could only sit on pins and needles and live like years.

Fujiwara's Ascension Politics
The swordsman of the Prince's East Palace naturally did not want his master to be abolished as the prince, so he joined forces with Tachibana Yasuo, another famous Japanese official at the time, to raise troops to forcefully support the prince to succeed him.Itsuki Tachibana, Emperor Saga and the eminent monk Kukai are known as Japan's "three strokes". They are famous calligraphers in Japan, but they are not rich in political experience.

After several rounds of planning, Dao Sheren and Ju Yishi formulated a plan to force Renming to abdicate and support Hengzhen to succeed him, but the plan was poor, the news leaked, and they were all caught up.The crown prince, Prince Hengzhen, was also deposed as a commoner, and Prince Daokang was established as the crown prince.

Prince Daokang was established as the prince, and Fujiwara Yoshio made the greatest contribution, so he was promoted to Dai Nayan, second only to the right minister, and concurrently served as the right guard and the minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs.These official positions included both civil and military positions. At this time, Fujiwara Yoshifusa was both a civil official and a military commander, a central official and a feudal official.But the Fujiwara family has a bottom line that must be adhered to-never be a minister of the Taizheng.Being an official is wrong to the maximum, but the power must be held in one's own hands.If you become the biggest official, you will easily become the target of everyone's attack.

Although Fujiwara Liangfu became a son-in-law, he still wanted to be the emperor's father-in-law. When Prince Daokang hadn't registered as a concubine, he sent his daughter Akiko who was born with the princess to be a concubine. My dear, I became the old man of the crown prince.

Later, through the painstaking efforts of Fujiwara Ryobo's successor, the adopted son Fujiwara Motsune, the Fujiwara clan fully controlled the national power in Japan.They served as regents when the emperor was a child.

There are two types of regency in Japanese history, one is the imperial regency, and the other is the regency of the ministers.For example, Prince Shotoku in the era of Emperor Tuiko, and Prince Nakadashi in the era of Emperor Qimei belonged to the imperial family as regents.If the emperor was regented by someone other than the imperial family when he was young, it was called a regent.Beginning with the Sixth Emperor Qingwa, Fujiwara Ryobo opened a precedent for the regency of a minister, and continued until the 120th Emperor Meiji.

After the little emperor becomes an adult, he no longer needs to be a regent, so what should he do?The Fujiwara family served as Guanbai and continued to control the government.Guan Bai's task is to command the Taizheng officials and upper-class nobles. To put it bluntly, it is to hold the Tian Royal family hostage.The first Guanbai in Japanese history was Fujiwara Motosuke, and since then the positions of regent and Guanbai have been inherited by the descendants of Fujiwara Motosuke, the descendants of the Fujiwara Kita family.The last Guanbai was Nijo Saijing during the 120th generation Emperor Komei.

Since the birth of the positions of regent and Guan Bai, the emperor has become a doll in the hands of powerful officials.

Of course, not all members of the Fujiwara family can serve as regents and Guanbai. They must come from the Five Photographers, that is, Konoe, Takaji, Ichijo, Nijo, and Kujo. They must be from the five Fujiwara families. Be regent and Guan Bai.

In Japan, people other than the imperial family are called ministers, and the person with the highest status among the ministers is called your excellency.The emperor is called His Majesty, and other royal families are called His Highness, such as His Royal Highness the Crown Prince and His Royal Highness the Prince.But the only exceptions are the Regent and Guan Bai, and Guan Bai is called His Highness Guan Bai.It can be seen that although Guan Bai and the Emperor of Heaven are not related by blood, they are not subordinates in a strict sense, but people who administer the emperor on behalf of the emperor.

The madman becomes the emperor, the emperor becomes a monk

What is particularly interesting is that Japan's No.60 third-generation Emperor Reizumi was a lunatic when he succeeded to the throne. Why did he choose a lunatic to be the emperor?It can be seen that the seat of the emperor is useless at all, anyone can come.In addition, the Fujiwara family is willing to let the madman become the emperor, because the madman will not care about things when he becomes the emperor.

So how crazy is this madman?He understands nothing but men and women. He is stupid and incoherent.Therefore, the Fujiwara family liked this lunatic very much.The madman's favorite thing to do is to set fire, and whenever there is a fire, he sings and dances for joy.The Fujiwara family told the emperor's left and right, you look at the emperor, if he wants to set fire, you can let him do it, let him do it, only set a small fire, don't make a big fire, don't burn the whole capital, and other places Just let him go.

Cold Spring was insane until he died at the age of 62.After his death, it was handed down to Emperor No.60 Five Generations Hanayama two times.Emperor Huashan is a talented man, proficient in Chinese poetry, and is particularly concerned about political affairs. He very much hopes to be able to govern himself as the emperor.

Wanting to be in charge is obviously something the Fujiwara family doesn't want to see.At that time, the head of the Fujiwara family was the right minister Fujiwara Kane, and the daughters of the Fujiwara clan filled the harem of Emperor Huashan, but Emperor Huashan had no heirs.It turned out that a daughter of the Fujiwara family was pregnant, but eight months later she had a miscarriage. Emperor Hanayama was so sad that he couldn't think of tea or food.Kane's family saw that the opportunity had come, and sent their son Dokan to persuade the emperor to believe in Buddhism and practice repentance.

Dao Jian told the emperor: Your beloved concubine had a miscarriage, it may be that you had evil obstacles in your previous life.Your Majesty must repent in front of the Buddha. The best way is to become a monk. If your Majesty wants to become a monk, the minister is willing to follow.

Dao Jian repeatedly told the emperor about karma and the impermanence of the world, and his three-inch tongue actually persuaded the emperor.The emperor made up his mind to become a monk, and planned to set off secretly from the palace at night with Tao Jian to go to a temple in the suburbs to shave.

On the night of departure, the moon and stars were sparse, and the night was very good.The emperor had just left the house, feeling a little regretful, reluctant to part with the beautiful country, and said to the Taoist priest: The moonlight is too bright, I am afraid that someone will see it.

Dao Jian was afraid that the emperor would feel remorse, and thought that my mission was to fool you into becoming a monk, and it was about to be accomplished, how could it be so short of success?So he hurriedly said: The shaving master who made an appointment for you is waiting there. You are a majestic emperor, how can you break your promise?It's inappropriate for you not to go, not to mention that the three artifacts have already been transferred to the Eastern Palace, Your Majesty, go quickly.

After Michikan finished speaking, he couldn't help but hold the hand of the emperor and walked out of the palace gate.The monarch and his ministers rushed to the temple. As soon as the emperor arrived, the old monk took out his razor and shaved the emperor's hair.Once the cassock was put on, the emperor became a little monk.

At this time, Dao Jian suddenly knelt down and bid farewell to the emperor: I didn’t tell my parents when I left. Parents say goodbye and come back to accompany you to become a monk.

After Dao Jian left, the Yellow Crane never returned, never to be seen again.Huashan was only 19 years old at this time, and after less than two years in office, he was fooled by powerful officials into becoming a monk.However, after he became a monk, he devoted himself to practicing and achieved great achievements. He was an ascetic monk and passed away peacefully at the age of 41.

(End of this chapter)