World history is very interesting: Yuan Tengfei talks about Japanese history

Chapter 12 The age of the samurai has arrived
Yuanping's two surnames are all over the world

The Fujiwara family has held the power of Japan for more than 200 years, and then the power was gradually transferred to the hands of Japanese warriors. What happened?

As mentioned earlier, since the second generation of Emperor Saga in Japan, there have been too many descendants of emperors in the past, and they could not be settled in the capital, so the princes born to concubines who were born as commoners were given surnames to ministers and let them go to the local area to make a living.Hundreds of years later, the Genpei surnames spread almost all over Japan.

Many of these people are the sons of Gaoliang, unable to carry baskets or shoulders. They go to the local government to hold official positions, show off their might, and rely on their status as descendants of the royal family to fish the common people.But there are also some people who have nothing to do, wield swords and become strong warriors.At the same time, in order to protect their own family property and strengthen their strength, they began to raise servants to dominate one side, and even resisted official food and did not pay taxes to the court.

During the period of Emperor Suzaku, Hirashomon launched a rebellion, captured the eight states of Kanto, and claimed to be the emperor.90 years after Ping Jiangmen was put down, his die-hard fan, his nephew Ping Zhongchang, also imitated him and raised troops to rebel.After Ping Zhongchang's rebellion, the power was also very strong, so the court had to send veteran Yuan Laixin to fight the rebellion.From then on, it opened the prelude to the life-and-death struggle of the Genpei Er Clan on the battlefield.

After Yuan Laixin sent troops, he won the victory, defeated Ping Zhongchang, and captured Ping Zhongchang.Pingzhong often died of illness on the way back to the imperial court, his head was cut off, and passed on to the capital.Both Yuan Laixin and his son Yuan Laiyi were rewarded.In particular, Yuan Laiyi was good at riding and shooting, and accompanied the prince in the court, and won praise from the dignitaries in Beijing.Minamoto Laiyi gave birth to three sons, namely Minamoto Yoshika, Minamoto Yoshizuna, and Minamoto Yoshimitsu. All of them are skilled in bow and horse, and their martial arts are outstanding, which established the tradition of Minamoto's generals.

When Yuan Laishin died, he left a eulogy, thanking the Hachiman Bodhisattva for helping him put down the stubborn bandits, Ping Zhongchang, and after he claimed to be the Hachiman Bodhisattva, he was protected by the gods of the distant ancestors and made great achievements. I hope the Bodhisattva will bless the family. enjoy glory.Since then, Japanese military generals have used Hachiman Bodhisattva as their patron saint.

Two years after Minamoto's death, Ezo in northern Japan rebelled again.At that time, Abe, the chief of Ezo, defeated the local officials of the imperial court.Yuan Laiyi, the son of Yuan Laixin, was employed by the imperial court to lead an army to pacify Ezo.When Lai Yi arrived in Ezo, after nine years of war, there were many setbacks in the middle, relying on the cooperation of another Ezo chief, he finally defeated Abe.

The chief of the Abe family, Abe Zhenren, was defeated by Lai Yijun and fled alone.Lai Yi's son Yuan Yijia, the sharp archer, is in hot pursuit.Seeing that Abe Zhenren was about to cross the Yichuan River, Yoshika bent his bow and set up an arrow, ready to shoot Zhenren to death.He stopped Zhenren sharply: I'll leave later!Japanese military generals like to be arty. On the battlefield, to a poem or something, Yoshika recited a poem after drinking to Zhenren: tattered clothes have many flaws.

What kind of poem do you hear?It's a doggerel at all!But with the Sinology accomplishment of the Japanese at that time, especially military commanders, it was not easy to recite such poems.

What is the purpose of the righteous family to live in the chastity?Not only am I better than you in martial arts, but I can shoot you to death with one arrow now, and I am also better than you in literary talent. If I say "ragged clothes have more holes" and then shoot you to death, I am laughing at the dying opponent.

Unexpectedly, Zhen Ren was also unequivocal, death is imminent, and you can't lose your momentum if you lose anything, so he immediately continued: "It's sad that every inch of the line is broken."When the righteous family heard it, it's okay, what a man!When death is imminent, I still have the mood to write poems with me.Heroes cherish heroes. Yijia felt that he couldn't bear to shoot such a courageous and talented enemy, so he put away the arrow and let Zhen Ren go.But Zhenren didn't live for a few days, and later the army invaded on a large scale, and Zhenren died in the chaos.The Abe family of Ezo perished in this way.This is the so-called Battle of the First Nine Years of Ezo in Japanese history.

After that, Yuan Laiyi, Yuanyi's father and son were all awarded for their meritorious service.Minamoto was promoted to be the governor of Iyo County, and the Minamoto family stayed in Kyoto to take charge of the guards of Kyoto.

I would rather betray the imperial court than the Yuan family

In Japan at that time, since Emperor Uta, all the emperors in the past 170 years have not been the son-in-law of the Fujiwara family, the nephew of the Fujiwara family, or the grandson of the Fujiwara family, except for the then crown prince, Prince Zunren, whose mother is not a girl of the Fujiwara family , the Fujiwara family also regarded him as an outsider.His father is Emperor Go Suzaku, and his elder brother is Emperor Go Reisen.Emperor Golenizumi was the son of a girl from the Fujiwara family, but after he succeeded to the throne, he could not have any more sons. The girls sent by the Fujiwara family to the palace were not up to expectations, and they were compared to the Fujiwara family's granddaughters one by one.

Under such circumstances, Emperor Goreizumi had no choice but to appoint his half-brother, Prince Zunren, as the crown prince.But Prince Zunren, the crown prince, should be trembling, because his elder brother may give birth to a son at any time, as long as his elder brother gives birth to a son, it means that he will be deposed, and if he fails, his life may be in danger.Even the attendants in the Crown Prince's womb were frightened when they saw the Imperial Forest Army entering the palace to catch the thief, thinking that the Crown Prince would be abolished and everyone would scatter like birds and beasts.

After more than 20 years of trembling, Gorengquan died, and Prince Zunren finally succeeded to the throne. This is Emperor Gosanjo.The latter three emperors are worthy of being a generation of sages, because he has nothing to do with the Fujiwara family, and he has been persecuted by the Fujiwara family since he was the prince, and he is precarious, so he very much wants to take the power back from the Fujiwara family.However, the Fujiwara family has served as Sheguan for nearly 200 years, and they have mastered the power and are deeply rooted. It is not so easy to win, and the method must be ingenious.

The last three thought hard and came up with a very good solution.At that time, Fujiwara Yorimichi was in charge of Guanbai in the Fujiwara family.There are many descendants of the Fujiwara family, and some of them did not get along with Fujiwara Yorimichi. The latter three emperors used a large number of Fujiwara nobles who were at odds with Fujiwara Yorimichi, making Fujiwara Yorimichi dumb and unable to explain the pain of eating coptis.At the same time, he deliberately cultivated the descendants of Genji, because Genji was of the same clan as the emperor, and let the descendants of Minamoto divide the power of the Fujiwara clan. In the end, his trump card was the Zen position.The Zen seat was given to his son Emperor Baihe, and he himself became the Supreme Emperor.

But the last three being the Supreme Emperor is different from the previous Supreme Emperor.In the past, the Supreme Emperor really abdicated, leaving the big treasurer behind, and not caring about anything. Immediately after his abdication, the latter Santiao organized a small court, called Yuanting, to issue orders.It's just that his courtyard is not a formal administrative system, but precisely because the courtyard is not a formal administrative system, it avoids the fetters of the regent and Guan Bai controlled by the Fujiwara family.

The emperor is the emperor's father, who would dare to disobey his will?From then on began the era of the Japanese government.The emperor can promulgate the Yuan Xuan to deny the emperor's will. The emperor's Yuan Xuan and the emperor's imperial edict have the same legal effect. Since then, Japan has had two highest administrative agencies.

Of course Fujiwara Yorimichi was not happy, but he was 81 years old after all, and he didn't have the energy to stop the emperor's intentions.Therefore, the hospital administration was carried out smoothly.It's a pity that the last three emperors who founded the administration died young, and died of illness when they were just 40 years old.When he died of illness, Lai Tong, who was recuperating in the villa, was having a meal. When he heard that Emperor Hou Santiao died of illness, Lai Tong felt very sorry and sighed: "This dynasty has no good luck. It is not easy to have a wise monarch at such a young age." Just crashed."

The latter three emperors focused on dealing with the Fujiwara clan, and when he died, the Fujiwara clan still sighed for him. It can be seen that the latter three emperors were thoughtful, did nothing, and their methods were very clever.

After Emperor Shirakawa succeeded to the throne, that is, 20 years after the Battle of the First Nine Years, another accident occurred in Japan's Ezo.Kiyohara Kiyohiro and Kiyohara Iehiro, the younger brothers of Kiyohara Shinhiro, the Ezo chieftain who ruled the area at that time, launched a rebellion again, and the court had to send Minamoto Yoshie to suppress it.It took the Minamoto family three years to finally quell the rebellion in Eizu. Originally, they wanted to further quell the Eizu, but the imperial court refused to use troops. There is no reward.

Minamoto's family had no choice but to admit that they were unlucky, sold their property, and rewarded their subordinates.As the saying goes, wealth gathers and people disperse, and wealth disperses and people gather together. Since then, the Kanto area has been completely devoted to the Yuan family.I would rather betray the imperial court than the Yuan family, which became the slogan of the Kanto warriors at that time.Later, when the Yuan family competed for the world, they all used Kanto as their base.

(End of this chapter)