World history is very interesting: Yuan Tengfei talks about Japanese history

Chapter 14
Execution of father is not merciless

Although the Baoyuan Rebellion was a battle between Hou Baihe and Chongde for the throne, the royal family were all literati and had no soldiers in their hands. They usually had fans in their waists instead of swords. Both sides relied on being loyal to themselves. a group of warriors.

The warriors that Chongde relied on were mainly Genji's.The ancestor of this branch of Genji was the sixth generation of Emperor Qinghe of Japan.That is to say, starting from Emperor Qinghe, most of the names of Japanese royal men have the word "仁" after their names.This naming method has been in use for nearly 9 years from the 200th century to the present.

The leader of the Genji back then was the veteran Yuan Weiyi. Although Yuan Weiyi was old, his next generation, the young Genjia, would all be brave and unparalleled in loyalty.Minamoto Yoshitomo's eighth son, Minamoto Yoshitomo, was deeply favored by Emperor Toba, so he did not follow his father in the Chongde side, but voted in Goshirakawa's side.

On the eve of the confrontation between the two sides, Yuan Weiyi's son and Yuan Yichao's elder brother Yuan Weichao in the Chongde camp, after a long battle, he analyzed that once a fight broke out, Hou Baihe would definitely use his younger brother Yuan Yichao as the coach, and Minamoto Yoshitomo will inevitably adopt night attack tactics, so it is recommended to act first and send troops to attack at night.As soon as the words fell, he was rejected by the left minister Fujiwara Yoricaga.Fujiwara Yorimaga said: "Now the two emperors are fighting for the world. We should use the majestic formation and the upright flag to compete in an upright manner. How can we sneak around in the middle of the night to ask for cheap? We are not thieves. The dispute between the emperors You have to look like the Son of Heaven." A pedantic scholar's words ruined the good opportunity, this buddy is just a Japanese version of "Song Xianggong".

The development of the facts did not turn out as expected by the court. After Minamoto Yoshitomo was appointed as the commander-in-chief by Hou Shirakawa, he decisively adopted a night attack strategy.While the moon was dark and the wind was high, the three groups of people rushed straight to the palace where Chongde was stationed and set fire to it.Although the generals of the Yuan family resisted desperately, Chongde had never seen this kind of battle before, he was so frightened that he panicked and panicked, causing the whole army to collapse.

Fujiwara Yoricho was wounded by a stray arrow and fled away, while others surrendered one after another.The generals of the Yuan family who supported Chongde, and a family of seven samurai were all beheaded, and even the veteran Yuan Weiyi was executed by his own son Yuan Yichao.It seems that Japanese samurai have no father-son relationship, only power status in their eyes.

It was the Yuan family who made the first contribution to put down the Baoyuan Rebellion, which is equivalent to the internal struggle between the father and son brothers of the Yuan family.At that time, the Heike samurai headed by Taira Kiyomori also contributed, but their contribution was far less than Minamoto Yoshitomo.

After the Baoyuan Rebellion, the arrogance of the samurai became more and more arrogant, and the civil servants stepped aside more and more.When force can determine everything, of course those who play with their mouths cannot do as much as those with swords. Even the emperor must rely on the support of the samurai.

Japan began to emphasize martial arts over culture, and gradually entered the era of the samurai family.From then until the Meiji Restoration, for nearly 700 years, the Japanese warriors controlled the state power, and the national policy was decided by the warriors.

Being slapped by a favorite

After the Baoyuan Rebellion, Emperor Goshirakawa's seat was considered secure.After sitting for a few years, he felt that the emperor's power was restricted by the regent Guanbai and the samurai, so he could not be regarded as the ruler of the sky. It is better to be the emperor like his great-grandfather, Emperor Shirakawa, and truly control power.So he abdicated to his son, Emperor Nijo, who abdicated and became emperor.

Emperor Hou Baihe favored two ministers the most, one named Xinxi and the other named Trust, but the two were at odds.Xinxi is a handsome scholar, full of economics, and Wang Zuozhi's talent.In contrast, Trust is a bit impetuous.Xin Xin wanted to be a general of the guards, but was advised by Xin Xili to prevent him from becoming a general.

Trust chose Yoshitomo Minamoto, who was most dissatisfied with Shinsai.Minamoto Yoshitomo should be number one in terms of military exploits in pacifying the Hoyuan Rebellion, but because the Minamoto family has a deep relationship with the regent Fujiwara clan, and in order to combat the arrogance of the Fujiwara family, Shinsai deliberately lowered the Genka family and only gave Minamoto a Towards an official position from five people who left the horse's head.This official is very low, equivalent to Bi Mawen.However, Hira Kiyomori's achievements in calming the chaos were far inferior to that of Yuan Yichao, and the officials appointed were bigger than Yuan Yichao, which is indeed a bit unfair.

Yuan Yichao wanted to marry his daughter to Shinsai's son in order to curry favor with Shinsai, but Shinsai refused the marriage because he said that the son of a civil servant would not marry the daughter of a samurai.However, Xinxi said what he said, what he did, and he quickly let his son marry the daughter of Kiyomori Hira who was also a samurai.

Yuan Yi, a dignified warrior, how could he endure such repeated insults?It just happened to be trusted to hook up with Yuan Yichao, and the two hit it off.The two considered that the Heike family was already very powerful at this time, and feared that if a coup was launched to get rid of Xinxi, the Heike family would be difficult to deal with, so they had to hold back for the time being and wait for a good opportunity.

In the first year of Heiji (1159), Kiyomori took his family of more than 50 people to Kumano to visit the shrine.Yuan Yichao and Xinxin waited until the flowers were gone, how could they let go of such a good opportunity, and immediately led the army to launch a coup and get rid of Xinxi.

Trust seems to feel that he is a hero on the side of the Qing emperor. He proclaims himself a minister and general, and appoints Minamoto Yoshitomo as the four Harima prefects.Japanese history called the coup a "heiji rebellion".

Don't look down on junior high school students

On the second day after the incident broke out, Kiyomori and his son, who were still on their way to Kumano, received an urgent report from the Kyoto envoy.

Hira Kiyomori turned pale with shock. He originally planned to make plans after arriving in Kumano, but the eldest son Hira Shigemori was very knowledgeable and urged his father to say: "The duty of a military official is to go to the emperor's urgency. He should go to Kumano immediately and don't rush to Kumano." Fortunately, these people are all warriors, and they carry armor and weapons in their daily luggage.So he put on his clothes neatly, turned his horse's head, and returned to the capital. He decisively quelled the chaos of trust.

After Xin was captured alive, he heard that the emperor was in Renhe Temple, so he rushed to pray for the emperor's forgiveness.But Emperor Nijo did not agree, and Kiyomori Taira even more did not agree.At this time, Wu Chen's words carried a lot of weight, and the trustees were dragged out by the soldiers and slaughtered.

The Yuan family was almost wiped out in the two wars of Baoyuan and Pingzhi.In the Baoyuan Rebellion, the Yuan family would kill each other, and in the Heizhi Rebellion, the Heike family defeated the Yuan family.Yuan Yichao, the head coach of the Yuan family, fled. He was wanted and stopped constantly along the way, and was finally killed by his subordinates, and his head was sent to the capital.

The eldest son Minamoto Yoshihira had already escaped, and when he heard the news of his father's murder, he was distraught, disguised himself, sneaked back to Kyoto, and arrived near Liupoluo where the Heira family lived, planning to assassinate Taira Kiyomori and avenge his father.In the end, he was discovered, his father's revenge was not avenged, and he was decapitated first.

Minamoto Yoritomo was only 13 years old when he was captured. He was handsome and imposing.Kiyomori Taira ordered Minamoto Yoritomo to be executed.Minamoto Yoritomo's fate should not be terminated. Hira Kiyomori's stepmother, the monk Chi Channi, felt pity for Minamoto Yoritomo when he saw Minamoto Yoritomo. On the face of it, spare his life and don't kill him.

Kiyomori Taira saw that the stepmother begged Minamoto Yoritomo with snot and tears. She was too embarrassed to say anything more, but felt that Minamoto Yoshitomo was only a junior high school student and could not make any big waves, so she agreed to send Minamoto Yoshitomo to death. changed to exile.In this way, Minamoto Yoritomo saved his life.It is very difficult to capture the tiger after letting the tiger go back to the mountains in Pingqing.

Kiyomori Ping never imagined that the prisoner he left behind would become the gravedigger for the demise of the Ping family in the future. Twenty-two years later, when Kiyomori Taira learned that Minamoto Yoritomo rebelled and attacked the Heike family, he regretted it.When Kiyomori Hira died, his only will was to behead Minamoto Yoshitomo and pay homage to me at my grave.

Of course, this is something for later.The 43-year-old Hira Kiyomori released the 13-year-old Minamoto Yoritomo, and Japanese history has been rewritten ever since.

It is also a species of Baiheliu

After the Baoyuan and Heiji Rebellion, the Gen family was basically defeated. As a samurai family, the Heike family dominated and had no rivals.

At that time, Emperor Hou Baihe, since the two counselors Xinxi and Xin were fighting each other, Xinxi was killed and Xin was beheaded, and there was no capable person around him to assist him.At this time, Emperor Erjo's wings became more and more full, and he wanted to decentralize power from the emperor.

Empress Hou Baihe felt that his son was disobedient and became more and more difficult to deal with. The person who urgently needed an assistant around him could only use Ping Qingsheng.Ten months after the Pingzhi Rebellion was quelled, Ping Kiyomori was appointed as the third counselor.In Japan, where there is a strict hierarchy, you have to be three or more officials to be considered a public official, and you can only be regarded as a middle-level noble if you have less than three officials, not a public official.

Ping Qingsheng participated in the council as a samurai, which was an unprecedented feat.Prior to this, military commanders had a very low status, mainly serving as guards for the emperor and important officials of the court. They were rarely even qualified to be promoted to the palace.

After Ping Qingsheng became a public minister, he wanted to have force and power, and he wanted to have an official position, and no one controlled him at all.Afterwards, he was promoted at a rocket speed. He became a councilor and also served as a prosecutor. This official position has great power, which is equivalent to the discipline inspection committee. He can use his power to wipe out all dissidents.Later, he was promoted to Zhong Na Yan, Da Na Yan, Minister of the Ministry of War, Minister of Internal Affairs, and then directly skipped the ministers of the left and right, and rose to the peak of the ministers-the Minister of Taizheng.

Kiyomori Taira served as a senior minister in the first year of Heiji, but in just eight years, he became a minister of the Taizheng at the age of 50.One of the reasons for Ping Qingsheng's prosperous official career is that he is very good at being a man. When he was not a high-ranking official, he tried his best to curry favor with the powerful, and he was willing to spend money and donate money.In particular, he saw through the intrigue between the Emperor and the Emperor for power, and stood firmly on the side of the Emperor.

(End of this chapter)