Queen Xiaozhuang's personal maid: Su Malagu

Chapter 46 The snipe and clam fight, the fisherman wins

(1)

After Dorgon stabilized the Qing regime, he began to expand outward.He wants to destroy the Ming Dynasty and the newly established Dashun regime, attack Beijing City, and sit on the throne of the emperor of the whole of China.

At this time, there are also two parties in Beijing who are fighting fiercely, that is, Dashun and Ming Dynasty.

The Ming Dynasty was established in 1639.At that time, Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty was concentrating his forces on dealing with the Qing army. Unexpectedly, a peasant army led by Li Zicheng entered Henan.The "equal land and no grain" he proposed just catered to the psychology of farmers who were experiencing severe natural disasters, and more people joined the peasant army.Therefore, folk songs began to circulate among the people that "kill cattle and sheep, prepare wine and sauce, open the city gate to welcome Chuang Wang, and Chuang Wang will not pay food when he comes", which made Li Zicheng's peasant army invincible. Zhu Changxun, the Fu Wang of the Ming Dynasty, distributed the gold and silver treasures and food belongings of the palace and the rich to the hands of the hungry people. The people clapped their hands and cheered, and more and more people joined in.

Soon, Li Zicheng led the peasant army to conquer Xi'an.

In 1644, the second year after the five-year-old Fulin ascended the throne, Li Zicheng named the country "Dashun" and the reign name "Yongchang" in Xi'an, and called Xi'an "Xijing".At this time, another peasant army led by Zhang Xianzhong also captured Wuchang, established the Daxi peasant regime, and proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu.

Suddenly, many peasant armies emerged from all over the country, and the whole country fell into chaos.

The largest was Li Zicheng's Dashun, which soon crossed the Yellow River in two batches and headed for Beijing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty.They have the same goal as Dorgon: to take Beijing in one fell swoop and seize the Ming regime.

In order to achieve this goal, the Peasant Army led by Li Zicheng issued a statement to expose the crimes of the Ming Dynasty, and at the same time announced policies such as "no levy for three years" and "equal trading" to the public, allowing the Peasant Army to triumph all the way to Beijing Marched forward and stationed two or three hundred kilometers away from Beijing.

Seeing that the peasant army was about to attack, Emperor Chongzhen was anxious and frightened, and hurriedly summoned several strong generals: Wu Sangui, Wang Yongji, Tang Tong and Liu Zeqing, etc. to Beijing, and said that he would give them uncles.

However, Liu Zeqing, the commander-in-chief of Shandong, refused to obey the imperial edict on the pretext of being unwell; Wu Sangui, the governor of Ningyuan, and Wang Yongji, the governor of Jiliao, could not return to Beijing for a while because of the long distance; With 8000 people arrived on time.

Seeing that only Tang Tong came back, Chongzhen immediately named Tang Tong Ding Xibo and ordered him to guard Juyongguan in order to win people's hearts.What he never expected was that Tang Tong surrendered before the peasant army attacked Juyongguan.Juyongguan collapsed without attack, and the peasant army rushed straight in.

Tang Tong's defection to the enemy made the situation of the Ming Dynasty even more severe. Wu Sangui, the governor of Ningyuan, also abandoned Ningyuan and marched towards Shanhaiguan.

When Wu Sangui arrived at Shanhaiguan, Li Zicheng had already led the peasant army to the outskirts of Beijing.Wu Sangui continued to march towards Beijing, and defeated Tang Tong and others who surrendered to Li Zicheng along the way.However, relying on Wu Sangui's strength, it is simply impossible to compete with the peasant army who fought more and more bravely.

On April 1644, 4, the city of Beijing was captured by Li Zicheng's peasant army.Emperor Chongzhen saw that the situation was over, and then hanged himself under the Shouhuang Pavilion in Meishan, and the Ming Dynasty perished.

Although Li Zicheng broke through Beijing, he knew that Wu Sangui's power should not be underestimated.And if he wants to be the emperor of the whole of China, the fate of Wu Sangui is particularly important.If Wu Sangui can be included in the account, then the possibility of securing a stable position in the country will be much greater.Therefore, on the second day after Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, he released Zhang Ruolin, a former official of the Ming Dynasty who was imprisoned, because he knew that Zhang Ruolin and Wu Sangui had a very good personal relationship, and Wu Sangui was a man of loyalty. people.

After Li Zicheng released Zhang Ruolin, he entrusted him with the important task of serving as the imperial envoy of Shanhaiguan, with the purpose of persuading Wu Sangui to surrender.In order to get Wu Sangui to surrender to Dashun, Li Zicheng also took measures combining interests and family affection. First, he sent people to Shanhaiguan twice to reward Liao soldiers with 4 taels of silver, and Wu Sangui with silver ten thousand taels, gold thousand taels, and brocade satin. He made Wu Sangui his marquis; then, he ordered Wu Sangui's father, Wu Xiang, to write to Wu Sangui in Beijing, urging him to surrender.

At this time, Wu Sangui was faced with two choices: one was Dashun, and the other was Daqing.

(2)

Wu Sangui, when Huang Taiji of the Qing Dynasty was still alive, Huang Taiji wanted to surrender.He even personally wrote a letter to persuade him to surrender, which shows how much Huang Taiji attaches importance to Wu Sangui.

When Dorgon became the actual ruler of the Qing Dynasty, he also saw the value of Wu Sangui, but he never moved, and even watched with a cold eye until Li Zicheng's peasant army wiped out the Ming Dynasty.

Dorgon has his own wishful thinking. When two tigers fight, one will be injured. He wants to reap the benefits of the fisherman.

When Li Zicheng threw an olive branch to Wu Sangui, Dorgon also wrote a letter to Wu Sangui, but Wu Sangui threw away the letter without even reading it.

For Wu Sangui, although the Ming Dynasty perished, he didn't want to fall into the arms of the Qing Dynasty.Wu Sangui, who accepted traditional Confucianism since he was a child, has always regarded people other than Han people as barbarians, so how could he turn to barbarians?At the same time, the Qing Dynasty has always been his deadly enemy, so he is naturally willing to vote for the new regime, Dashun, rather than his own enemy.More importantly, his father and his family are under Li Zicheng's control.

Therefore, on April 1644, 4, Wu Sangui decided to officially surrender to Li Zicheng's Dashun regime, and personally led the army to Beijing to meet the new emperor.

However, when he walked to the Xishahe Station, Wu Sangui met Fu Haishan who escaped from Beijing.Fu Haishan is a close friend of Wu Sangui's father. He told Wu Sangui that not only did Li Zicheng's army beat his father Wu Xiang, but his concubine Chen Yuanyuan was also taken away by Li Zicheng's subordinate Liu Zongmin.

When Wu Sangui heard this, he was furious and shouted: "A man can't even protect his own woman, so what face does he have?"

He immediately ordered a U-turn and returned to Shanhaiguan, even thinking that Li Zicheng wrote to himself in the first place to lure him to Beijing and then destroy himself.

Li Zicheng at this moment didn't know what was going on in Wu Sangui's heart at all.He led the peasant army and marched towards Shanhaiguan, the purpose was to meet Wu Sangui, and the two sides had a big round.

After Wu Sangui returned to Shanhaiguan, he immediately recruited troops to prepare for returning to Beijing and seizing power.Wu Sangui knew that with his own strength alone, he would definitely not be able to defeat the peasant army led by Li Zicheng, so what should he do?After thinking about it, Wu Sangui thought of the Qing Dynasty and the letter Dorgon had given him.He is definitely not willing to surrender to the Qing Dynasty, but he can cooperate with the Qing Dynasty.

In this way, Wu Sangui made up his mind and wrote a letter to Dorgon, hoping that Dorgon would lend him the Qing soldiers.

Wu Sangui's letter was written to Dorgon by a lone minister of the subjugated country, that is, a courtier of the Ming Dynasty, with the purpose of rejuvenating the Ming Dynasty.In the letter, he told Dorgon in detail the Qing army's advance route that Dorgon needed to borrow, and this route arrangement also had his tricks.Like Dorgon, he wanted the snipe and the clam to fight and the fisherman to benefit, and he wanted Dorgon's Qing army to fight Li Zicheng's peasant army.

After seeing Wu Sangui's letter, Dorgon almost laughed out loud.He naturally saw Wu Sangui's trick, and after thinking about it, he decided to follow the trick.On the one hand, he wrote back to Wu Sangui, telling him that he would definitely send troops, on the other hand, he cryptically proposed to ask Wu Sangui to surrender, and offered generous treatment to the land feudal king.

After sending out the letter to Wu Sangui, Dorgon first sent people to Shanhaiguan to find out the facts, and then led Duoduo, Azige and other fierce generals to Shanhaiguan at a speed of one hundred miles a day with cannons in red. .

After Wu Sangui received Dorgon's reply, he realized that his thinking was too simple, and he put himself in a double attack.On one side is Li Zicheng's peasant army, and on the other side is Dorgon's Qing soldiers. There are only two ways for him: either surrender to one side, or die in battle.

While Wu Sangui was still hesitating, the army led by Li Zicheng arrived at Shanhaiguan first, and Wu Sangui had to fight desperately.Seeing that the entire army of [-] soldiers was about to be wiped out, Wu Sangui risked his life to break through and meet Dorgon.

This was exactly what Dorgon could not have wished for, and this meeting was essentially Wu Sangui's surrender to the Qing Dynasty.In this way, the armies of Wu Sangui and Dorgon joined forces, and on May 1644, 5, they fought a fierce battle with Li Zicheng's army.After a fierce battle with Wu Sangui's soldiers, the even more ferocious Dorgon's Qing soldiers ushered in. The peasant army led by Li Zicheng quickly threw away their helmets and armor.

After the great victory at Shanhaiguan, Dorgon and Wu Sangui led the Eight Banners Army to march towards Beijing. The officers and soldiers along the way also surrendered to the city.

After Li Zicheng's failure in Shanhaiguan, he fled back to Beijing in a hurry and was ready to flee. On June 1644, 6, Li Zicheng set fire to the Forbidden City while abandoning the city and fleeing.

Two days later, Dorgon led the soldiers and entered the city of Beijing from Chaoyangmen.After Dorgon entered the Forbidden City, he ruled in Linwu Yingdian, and the Qing Dynasty took the most important step in its history.

(End of this chapter)