Amazing knowledge

Chapter 6 Psychological micro-exploration: How to prove that you are not mentally ill
* How do colors make people feel warm and cold?

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Whether it is buying clothes or other things, as long as there are colors, we can distinguish between warm and cool colors.These colors themselves have no temperature, so how do they make people feel warm and cold?
In psychology, warm and cool colors are divided according to our psychological feelings about colors. Red, orange, and yellow are all warm tones, while blue and cyan are cool tones.In addition, there are neutral colors that are not clear about cold and warm, such as black, white, and green.

The reason why we divide colors into warm and cold, mostly depends on our association of colors.

Each color corresponds to a different wavelength. After these colors enter our eyes through the reflection of light, the visual nerves of the eyes transmit the signals of these colors to the brain. Through analysis, the brain transfers our previous memory of these colors from The memory area of ​​the brain is called out, and then we have associations, so that we have a series of reactions to colors.

Color itself has no temperature, and there is no difference between warm and cold. The biggest factor that distinguishes warm and cold colors is our psychological association.

The reason why we have these completely different psychological associations to colors is that we have formed a relatively fixed thinking mode in our long-term life practice.

Every time warm colors such as red, yellow, and orange are mentioned, everyone’s subconscious reaction is the rising sun and blazing flames. These things have accompanied us since human civilization, and are our most intuitive perception of “warmth”. feel and associate.Therefore, red, orange and yellow are the most direct warm colors.

Cool colors represent blue and cyan. These colors are first reminiscent of the vast sea, the icy snow, and the most primitive "cold".So over time, we default to these colors as cool colors.

It is precisely because of these memories that we have a general perception of the warmth and coldness of colors.

The final word: cool colors and warm colors are relative, it is our psychological feeling that dominates the warmth and coldness of colors.

* What is the scientific reason for "time flies"?
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Time seems to be different for everyone. Some people feel that time is like a year, but some people feel that time passes so fast that time flies. Is there any scientific reason behind "time flies"?

In fact, time is the fairest thing in the world. Everyone gets the same amount of time every day. Calculated on 365 days a year, 24 hours a day, 60 minutes per hour, and 60 seconds per minute, we have a total of There are 365×24×60×60=31536000 seconds.No matter who it is, there will be no more and no less.The reason why there is a feeling that time flies is actually because individuals have different subjective judgments on time.

Each of us is an individual, and the objective length of time is different, and everyone's perception of time is different.Everyone has their own time axis, and the length of this axis depends on the individual's perception of the continuity and sequence of the surrounding things, that is, the intuition of time.

When an individual goes back in time, the biggest influencing factor is the strength of the memory. The stronger the memory strength, the more details the individual can remember and find more information when recalling the event. The most direct result is It's just that when recalling this incident, it feels like the longer it takes.

On the contrary, if the memory strength is very weak when recalling an event, and no meaningful information can be recalled at all, then this period of time seems to "evaporate".

It's like when we are sleeping, if there is no dream all night, then it feels as if we haven't slept for a long time before dawn.If we have a very strange and twisted dream in our sleep, then we feel that the night has passed very long.

It is emotion that determines the strength of our memory. The more emotion we invest in, the stronger the memory strength and the faster time passes.The less emotionally invested, the weaker the memory strength, and the "slower" flow of time.

The final word: Whether it is "time flies" or "days go like years", it is actually our subjective consciousness that affects the objective facts.If you feel that time is going very fast, it means that we feel that time is "not enough" and we should make better use of time so as not to waste time.

* What is the real "nervous big strip" like?

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I don’t know when, “nervous” became a buzzword in the society. Whenever it describes a person’s lack of fine-grained thoughts and inflexible responses, “nerve” comes in handy, but this “nerve” "What should it look like?"
The word "nerve" should be familiar to everyone. There are tens of thousands of nerves in our body, and these nerves help the brain obtain information from various parts of the body.And when we say "big nerves", we always think that the "bigger" the nerves are, the slower the speed of nerve signal transmission is, and the slower the response is, in fact this is not the case.

When it comes to the largest nerve in the body, many people's first reaction is the bone marrow, which is an important part that connects the entire body.It is understandable to say that the spinal cord is important, but it is far-fetched to say that the bone marrow is a nerve.

The composition of bone marrow is very complex, and the roughest division is gray matter and white matter.The gray matter contains neuronal cell bodies and glial cells, and the white matter contains nerve fibers.

Therefore, in terms of nerves alone, the most "big" one should be the sciatic nerve.The reason why the sciatic nerve is "big" is that all the nerves of the lower half of the body, large and small, are gathered here, and it is the only way for the transmission of nerve signals in the lower body.

The sciatic nerve can be said to be a collection of nerve fibers, so it is very "big".The more nerve fibers, the more signals the nerve fiber "aggregation" can transmit, because the speed at which a nerve fiber transmits nerve signals is not disturbed, while the propagation speed of a bundle of nerve fibers is not affected, the weight of the transmitted signal It keeps stacking up.

Therefore, the "bigger" the nerve, the stronger the ability to transmit nerve signals.

The final word: Even for the same nerve fiber, the larger the diameter of the nerve fiber, the greater the conduction rate of the nerve signal. Therefore, the real "big nerve" is not a slow response, but a faster response.

* Can action shooters make you smarter?

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There are a lot of news about the obsession with games that lead to academic neglect, but a piece of news has caused countless "game fans" and parents to explode. It is said that action shooting games can make players smarter. Is this true?

Computer games are indeed a very popular form of entertainment at present, but they are also a pastime that has been criticized a lot.A university professor led his team to conduct an experiment to justify the name of computer games.

The university professor believes that computer games are also good for developing the brain to a certain extent.The researchers selected more than 50 volunteers from a large number of game players to participate in the test. Some of these people are professional game players and some are amateurs, but their common feature is that they love action shooting games.

The research team tested the brain activity of volunteers when they played games, and found that when professional players played games, the number of neurons in the insula division of the brain increased, and the functional connectivity of attention and sensorimotor nerve-related areas was significantly enhanced. .

The insula is located in the center of the brain and is a "transit station" for the brain to integrate and exchange information.The researchers believe that when participating in exciting, competitive and brain-burning games such as action shooting, the player's thinking ability and flexibility are likely to be exercised and improved to a certain extent.Playing games can help functional integration of the insular compartment, improve attention and sensorimotor-related functions.

The final word: Everything has two sides. Although the game may improve some of our functions, the disadvantages of the game still outweigh the benefits.Especially for those young people who are addicted to games and lose their minds, games should be avoided as much as possible.

* Gut bacteria can also fight depression, is it true?
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Depression brings great damage to people's spirit, which in turn destroys people's health and even family harmony.However, there are currently no drugs on the market that can cure depression at all, and at best they can only resist some of the effects of depression.But some people say that gut flora can fight depression. Is this true?

This news is indeed not groundless. Some international experts have discovered that there is a subtle but strong connection between the flora in the human gut and the brain.Neurologists at the University of Oxford believe that gut flora can affect brain function and maintain mental health.

The beneficial bacteria will stay in our intestines, decompose prebiotics for the human body, and absorb the nutrients in them as food for their own reproduction.And prebiotics are also food for the good bacteria that are already established in the gut.

Prebiotics are also called probiotics. After the intestinal bacteria absorb the prebiotics, they will transform into beneficial bacteria.These bacteria do relieve anxiety and fight depression to some extent.

The researchers also found that if the study subjects took prebiotics on time, they would be more likely to focus on positive information, and their cortisol levels were relatively low, which reflects the intake of prebiotics and our Feelings of stress and anxiety are linked.

At the same time, scientists have also found that most people with depression have different degrees of gastrointestinal problems, and the performance of gastrointestinal flora is mostly unsatisfactory.

As for how the gut microbiota affects the brain, there is no clear research result, but in the future, the gut microbiota may really become another treatment for depression.

The final word: Using intestinal flora to treat mental illness will be a brand-new way to regulate brain function, and it may really become a reality in the future.

*Why do other people's arms feel softer to the touch?
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Many people will find that when they touch others, their arms are softer than their own. Is this really the case?

No matter how soft our own arms are, as long as we touch them with our hands, we always feel that other people's arms are softer.It's not that our skin is rougher, it's an illusion—an illusion of softness.

The reason for this illusion has something to do with our neural mechanism.Whether it is happiness or sadness, our feelings are controlled by the central nervous system.Although the central nervous system plays a very important leading role, the peripheral nerves of our body are also involved.Our "happiness" is inseparable from the C-touch of peripheral nerves.

The function of C-touch is actually very simple. As long as it is stimulated, it will transmit these feelings to the brain, and the brain will judge that this is a "happy" feeling.

The C-touch system is on the human arm. If our arm is touched gently by others, the C-touch system on the arm will feel stimulated, and then send a happy signal to the brain.

But we are the ones who are touched, and we are the ones who feel the happiness. Our brains will form a wrong understanding: "Touching here can make others happy. This is the softest place."

It is precisely because of this social illusion that we feel that other people's arms are softer, because our subconscious mind thinks that touching there can make the other person happy, and we can feel happy ourselves, and other people's arms are the softest place.

The final word: simple touches such as touching and hugging shorten the distance between people, and the illusion of softness is also a false subconsciousness produced by our "empathy" in social interaction.

*Why does screaming sound scary?
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Scream is one of the essential elements of horror films. Every time people hear a scream, they instantly feel that the surrounding horror is a little more. Why is the scream so powerful?

A Swiss scientist believes that the reason the screams are so terrifying is because of their high level of roughness.When we usually speak, the sound limit is generally controlled at about 5 Hz, but the loudness of screaming can instantly reach 150 Hz.Such a high loudness makes the scream itself very rough. The higher the roughness of the sound, the easier it is for the amygdala of the brain to capture such a sound, and the amygdala is the part of the brain responsible for fear and danger, so The brain's fear of screaming goes deeper.

When screaming, the loudness of the sound can reach 150 Hz in an instant, and the lowest is about 30 Hz. If it fluctuates rapidly in this range, the brain will directly judge this sound as "hysteria".Such sounds are rarely seen in daily life, so once such sounds are heard, the brain will activate "alarms" one after another.Because ordinary sound can only affect the cerebral cortex, screaming can only reach the amygdala structure.

The brain always responds uniquely to screams. During thousands of years of evolution, humans have defaulted to screams as sounds such as "alarm" and "call for help". Screams have been endowed with strong emotions. , so every time you hear the scream, the fear in your heart will become more obvious.

The final word: The sound quality of the scream itself and the emotional color people attach to the scream make people invariably become more frightened when they hear the scream.

*Can mother's depression affect the child's mood?
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Depression is just a mental illness and it is not contagious, but it is said that if the mother suffers from depression, it will also affect the mood of the child. Why is this?

Depression is indeed not contagious, but emotions are contagious, not to mention mothers and children whose blood is thicker than water.Let’s not talk about the impact that mother-to-be suffering from depression will have on the child in the womb before the child is born. Even if the child is already sensible, if the mother suffers from depression, the child’s mood will not be good.

If the mother is troubled by depression, the child may have a certain tendency to violence at a very young age. Relevant foreign studies have confirmed this statement.

In the process of children's growth, many things may have a certain impact on their outlook on life, values ​​and world outlook.Especially during the period from 6 to 10 years old, children need the support and encouragement of their parents most.Children want to have a sense of existence. They need to know that they are loved and valued by everyone. They hope to get affirmation and praise from their parents, teachers or friends.

But these things cannot be given by mothers suffering from depression. In the process of children's growth, if there is no positive feedback, no warm concern, no sense of pride and satisfaction, they are likely to become inferior and unloving. Talking, emotions are always at a trough, and may even do some extreme things.

Whether it is a father or a mother, if you are troubled by depression, you must seek help from a doctor in time.Parents are not only responsible for themselves, but also responsible for the physical and mental health of their children.

Although depression is neither hereditary nor contagious, such negative emotions can cause irreparable damage to children as they grow up.

Bottom line: When a mother suffers from depression, it affects her child.After all, living under the same roof, every word and deed of parents is a model for children. If parents have emotional problems, they must seek professional help.

*Is there really "water" in the mind?

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"The brain is flooded" seems to be a common joke among people, it is specially used to describe those who act weird and strange, but has anyone ever thought about whether there is really water in the brain?

In fact, there is not only water in the brain, but a lot of it. If there is no water in the brain, then something really big will happen.

Everyone actually has 100-160 ml of water in their brains. Of course, this water is not ordinary water. Its scientific name is cerebrospinal fluid.

People are different, some people are taller, some people are fatter, and similarly, some people have bigger heads.A big head does not mean a big "brain". In more cases, it may be because there is a lot of water in the brain!

The human brain is actually soaked in water all the time. The water "originates" in the choroid plexus of the ventricles inside the brain. After the cerebrospinal fluid is produced here, it fills the entire cranial cavity and spine along the gaps in the brain, and flows throughout the entire central nervous system.

In fact, the choroid plexus can produce 500 ml of cerebrospinal fluid a day, but these cerebrospinal fluid is continuously absorbed, and the volume of cerebrospinal fluid left in the brain is usually 100-160 ml.

If you just look at the ingredients, there is not much difference between cerebrospinal fluid and ordinary water, but there are some more proteins, inorganic salts and other things, but if these things are missing, the human brain really cannot work normally!
The structure of the brain itself is very soft and has almost no load-bearing capacity. The reason why it can maintain normal human activities in a safe and sound way is the escort of cerebrospinal fluid.Cerebrospinal fluid can eliminate the gravity of the brain itself, flush the nerve center, take away necrotic nerve cells, and keep the brain in a "fresh and energetic" state at all times.

The final word: the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain can protect the safety of the brain on the one hand; on the other hand, it can ensure the vitality of the brain, which is an essential substance in the human body.

(End of this chapter)