Datang Nongsheng
Chapter 720 Three Rivers Plain Development Plan
Chapter 720 Sanjiang Plain Development Plan
Since the availability of accurate timing tools, Datang's manufacturing accuracy has risen to a higher level. Now, clocks and watches are no longer those big boxes that are one person tall, but have shrunk to the size of half a fist.
If you look at it from Sun Xiangfu's point of view, it will still be more than doubled in size, but the market doesn't think so. Everyone thinks it should be more conspicuous like the wristbands worn by warriors.
To put it bluntly, everyone who can afford this gadget wants to show off. In the eyes of later generations, this is a very rustic behavior. However, in order to meet the needs of the market, factories that make watches have to mass produce this kind of watch. A watch with a wide and thick dial, and when it was produced, all members of the research team were immediately equipped with one.
With accurate time, mileage, fuel consumption, loading capacity and other data, it is not difficult to calculate its approximate power.
Not long after, several members responsible for the calculation handed over the conclusions drawn to Marseilles. After reading it, he reported to Li Chengqian, "His Royal Highness, if such a steam engine is installed on our Wanshi ship If it is used, it can travel about fifteen miles in an hour. When it is installed on our [-] stone ship, the propulsion effect is even smaller, only about three miles."
It took an hour, two hours, and only three miles to walk, which was really slow as a turtle crawling. However, Marseille still wanted to continue, saying, "If the size of this model machine is enlarged several times, and then two pieces are installed on the left and right, At the same time, it can increase its speed to more than [-] miles per hour, and it is fully loaded.
If you go down the river, it should be faster, reaching more than [-] miles per hour. Basically, you can reach Luoyang in one day, Dengzhou or Laizhou in three days, Hangzhou Estuary in five days, and ten days. In Guangzhou Bay, even if it is going back against the current, it will take no more than [-]% of the time, because it does not need to rest at all and can sail day and night. "
Since the upper reaches of Guanzhong is still an ecological environment with green mountains and green waters, and a large number of buffer lakes have been excavated to store water, and the imperial court has artificially diverted the entire western part of Henan where there is a lot of silt. At present, except for the spring flood period, The waterway of the Yellow River has become very gentle, like the Weihe section, after entering summer and autumn, it is almost impossible to feel its flow speed.
Then connected with it, the already very gentle Grand Canal is even more gentle. This is one of the reasons why the imperial court made great efforts to transform the waterway of the Yellow River before, in order to facilitate all ships. When traveling from south to north, it is more gentle. Smooth and doesn't require so many trackers to pull the boat.
Driving in this relatively gentle waterway, steam ships are fast and safe. Most ships with internal combustion engines over 14 tons have a speed of 18 to 25 knots. Knots, one knot is converted into kilometers per hour, which is 26.
In other words, the speed of most ships is between 25 kilometers and 33 kilometers per hour, and the speed of long-distance ships is about 45 kilometers per hour. There are many speedboats.
Comparing the two, even if Marseilles really built this [-]-stone ship driven by three cylinders and two steam engines in theory, the speed is only about [-] kilometers per hour, which is about twice as slow as the ordinary internal combustion engine ships of later generations. .
Moreover, this result is due to the fact that Sun Xiangfu directly let them mount a steam engine with a turbo-enhanced power, and a more scientific propeller to propel the ship. It is comparable to the speed of the first steam ship 'Claremont' manufactured by Lao Mei, which can only run about eight kilometers per hour.
The weakness of the steam engine is obvious. It is bulky and huge, and cannot be separated from the boiler. The temperature and pressure of the fresh steam cannot be too high, and the exhaust pressure cannot be too low. It is difficult to improve the thermal efficiency. The reciprocating operation makes its working process not Coherent, inertia limits the increase of its speed, even if the turbo design is added, it is still a weak chicken.
But it still has a lot of room for improvement and development. The three-cylinder steam model engine currently used on the test ship should belong to the multi-expansion steam engine, which can be improved into a single-flow type, steam turbine type, and rotary type in the future. Its power and stability , there is still room for substantial improvement. In the end, it is also possible to make the speed of the ship reach more than ten knots.
In any case, as long as this power mode is correct and feasible, then it will be a huge success. Li Chengqian doesn't care much about the speed of the large ship, but points to the small boat path loaded with the model machine, "If it is only used as a Can the propulsion of a small boat reach a thousand miles in one day?"
Marseille replied, "If it is used as a small boat, it is not difficult to travel a long distance, but if the boat goes too fast, the bumps will be very strong. We need a lot of stable designs. Moreover, if the hull is made of wood , definitely not, it may be necessary to build a steel hull."
Hearing this, Li Chengqian understood that the wooden hull could not withstand the speed of chopping waves on the water, but the hull made of steel was different, as long as it did not hit the reef and overturn the boat, no matter how bumpy it was on the water, it would not be able to move. It fell apart, so he said excitedly, "Sometimes, speed is very important. You must design the fastest ship under safe conditions."
At this moment, Empress Changsun said in surprise, "A ship made of steel? Wouldn't it sink if put into the water?"
Li Chengqian laughed and said, "Hahaha, Queen Mother, you don't know about this. Those big steel-clad ships with steel keels are not light. Why didn't they sink into the water? There is a scientific reason for this. At this moment, Erchen can't explain it clearly to you, just listen, when will they be able to build this steamboat!"
Marseille replied, "At this time, it is still hard to say. It is not as simple as imagined to multiply its size and power, and its stability still needs to be continuously measured.
In addition, to actually apply it to long-term sailing use, the entire machine needs a lot of design improvements in terms of anti-turbulence and firmness.
In addition, how to flexibly control and use it on the ship will require a new design. If there is no more than one or two years, it is estimated that the water test cannot be done. If there is no more than three years, it cannot be guaranteed that it can be used stably. , even if the ship is stable, it will take a long time to train some crew members who can operate, drive and maintain this steam ship. "
After being told by Marseille, Li Chengqian realized that the successful test of the model machine was only their first step, and there was still a long way to go for the real application of it.
"This steam engine is extremely important to the future development of my Tang Dynasty. Your contribution, my father and I, will never forget it. Later, there will be a big reward for you. I hope you will continue to work hard and put it into use as soon as possible. If you need any support, you can report to me directly, and I will do my best to support it." Li Chengqian encouraged everyone in the research team.
Everyone saluted and thanked everyone when they heard the words, and then Marseille said, "His Royal Highness, the application of steam engines is not limited to water pumps and shipbuilding. In order to make them apply to all walks of life as soon as possible, I suggest that the members of the research team be divided into multiple groups. , expanded into multiple teams, and started its applied research in an all-round way.”
Hearing this, Li Chengqian nodded without thinking, "No problem, I will give you a call-up order. All things are up to you. Talents in any industry, as long as you think there is a need, can be called up." Research groups, research funding, no upper limit."
"My lord, thank you for your trust, His Highness the Crown Prince. I'm sure I'll get the research results as soon as possible." With Li Chengqian's strong support, all the members of the research team were shocked and bowed in salute.
In fact, these people don't care about material rewards at all, they are already rich enough, and the lowest in the research group are all academicians on the fifth rank. However, the work enthusiasm of science and engineering men does not lie in these fame and fortune.
What they want is to make something astonishing, like a steam engine, that's it.
After Li Chengqian returned to the palace, he wrote a letter to Sun Xiangfu immediately, and Empress Changsun wrote to Li Shimin. The steam engine was as amazing as Sun Zhengming, who first proposed its concept, said. I'm afraid that many weird things will be launched again.
Sun Xiangfu, who was in Yanjin, received a letter from Li Chengqian more than half a month later. The reply to this letter was to bring some water pumps and new tools for land reclamation to Liaodong. Just when the Sanjiang Plain was being developed, This thing can be used.
Because, he and Su Dingfang, Shangguanyi and others have just returned from surveying the terrain in the Sanjiang Plain and are working on planning and design.
Here, the current situation is basically the same as the desolate scene of "beating roe deer with sticks and scooping fish with ladle, and pheasants flying into the rice pot" in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, but the wetland area is larger, which is very suitable for development into rice fields. It was almost 60 educated youths and troops who mobilized to reclaim wasteland and fields here, and finally built it into my country's North Dacang, allowing the annual grain output here to reach 500 million tons later.
Converting this output into stones of this period is about 5000 million stones, which can not only feed more than 800 million people in this area in later generations, but also produce at least [-]% more grain for sale.
But now, although Sun Xiangfu can't bring these people who are not very good at farming to realize the development scale and output like later generations, it is a little bit that the output can feed the nearly 800 million people in the entire Andong Daduhufu. There were no problems. After the overall planning effect was drawn, the laughter of Su Dingfang and Shangguanyi almost shook the roof.
According to Sun Xiangfu's plan, isn't the final form of this area the same as the paddy area of Shannan Road?
"You two, don't be too happy too early. Although this area can open up more than 4000 million mu of high-yielding fertile land, you don't have that many people who are suitable for farming. Moreover, the area is remote, and the early development requires money to invest in it. It is very huge, and it is not so easy to become what I planned.”
Sun Xiangfu's planning concept is to protect the ecological environment of this area as much as possible, so that the agriculture, animal husbandry, commerce, and administrative management here are all very convenient. Therefore, in the end, he marked the area suitable for development into fields , is much smaller than the area of later generations, and many wetlands have been preserved.
But even 4000 million mu of land cannot be cultivated by the 10 people that Su Dingfang and the others mobilized these days, because even if it is relatively easy to cultivate plain land, if intensive cultivation is required to achieve high yields, the average cultivated area per household is also It is not suitable to exceed [-] mu. This has been verified in Shannan Road, but it can only be less if the people in Liaodong are not good at farming.
If all 4000 million mu are to be cultivated, there will be almost 200 million households, which is almost all the people in the territory of the Andong Dadu Hufu. This is obviously impossible.
Being splashed with cold water by Sun Xiangfu, Shangguanyi didn't care at all, and said excitedly, "We didn't plan to fix it right away. Shannan Road has developed more than 2000 million mu of paddy fields, and there are still millions of people. , Four or five years of credit! Our requirements are not high, three years, it is enough to produce 1000 million mu, which can be compared to the irrigated land produced by Shannan Road, the output of 1000 million mu of land, our entire security All the people in the Dongda Protectorate can eat for a year with their cheeks open, and they can't finish it."
Sun Xiangfu spread his hands and said, "Well, based on the calculation of 400 million acres of development per year, you should mobilize! In July, at least 100 million young and strong people will be in place. At most, in mid-September, they will be withdrawn for autumn harvest. April next year Month, go on."
Using 100 million young adults to develop 400 million mu of land, an average of only four mu per person, the difficulty and workload are not great. The reason why the target is so small is that the freezing period in this area is as long as seven or eight days. month, more time needs to be invested in housing infrastructure.
Only when the heating kangs, kettles, and houses with better freezing and pressure resistance are built, can everyone spend the winter there. After all, it is located in a remote place, and if something unexpected happens, it is more difficult to rescue them. Difficult, but the quasi-Han people mobilized from Yanjin may not be able to adapt to the weather and environment that the Mohe people and Shiwei people can adapt to.
(End of this chapter)
Since the availability of accurate timing tools, Datang's manufacturing accuracy has risen to a higher level. Now, clocks and watches are no longer those big boxes that are one person tall, but have shrunk to the size of half a fist.
If you look at it from Sun Xiangfu's point of view, it will still be more than doubled in size, but the market doesn't think so. Everyone thinks it should be more conspicuous like the wristbands worn by warriors.
To put it bluntly, everyone who can afford this gadget wants to show off. In the eyes of later generations, this is a very rustic behavior. However, in order to meet the needs of the market, factories that make watches have to mass produce this kind of watch. A watch with a wide and thick dial, and when it was produced, all members of the research team were immediately equipped with one.
With accurate time, mileage, fuel consumption, loading capacity and other data, it is not difficult to calculate its approximate power.
Not long after, several members responsible for the calculation handed over the conclusions drawn to Marseilles. After reading it, he reported to Li Chengqian, "His Royal Highness, if such a steam engine is installed on our Wanshi ship If it is used, it can travel about fifteen miles in an hour. When it is installed on our [-] stone ship, the propulsion effect is even smaller, only about three miles."
It took an hour, two hours, and only three miles to walk, which was really slow as a turtle crawling. However, Marseille still wanted to continue, saying, "If the size of this model machine is enlarged several times, and then two pieces are installed on the left and right, At the same time, it can increase its speed to more than [-] miles per hour, and it is fully loaded.
If you go down the river, it should be faster, reaching more than [-] miles per hour. Basically, you can reach Luoyang in one day, Dengzhou or Laizhou in three days, Hangzhou Estuary in five days, and ten days. In Guangzhou Bay, even if it is going back against the current, it will take no more than [-]% of the time, because it does not need to rest at all and can sail day and night. "
Since the upper reaches of Guanzhong is still an ecological environment with green mountains and green waters, and a large number of buffer lakes have been excavated to store water, and the imperial court has artificially diverted the entire western part of Henan where there is a lot of silt. At present, except for the spring flood period, The waterway of the Yellow River has become very gentle, like the Weihe section, after entering summer and autumn, it is almost impossible to feel its flow speed.
Then connected with it, the already very gentle Grand Canal is even more gentle. This is one of the reasons why the imperial court made great efforts to transform the waterway of the Yellow River before, in order to facilitate all ships. When traveling from south to north, it is more gentle. Smooth and doesn't require so many trackers to pull the boat.
Driving in this relatively gentle waterway, steam ships are fast and safe. Most ships with internal combustion engines over 14 tons have a speed of 18 to 25 knots. Knots, one knot is converted into kilometers per hour, which is 26.
In other words, the speed of most ships is between 25 kilometers and 33 kilometers per hour, and the speed of long-distance ships is about 45 kilometers per hour. There are many speedboats.
Comparing the two, even if Marseilles really built this [-]-stone ship driven by three cylinders and two steam engines in theory, the speed is only about [-] kilometers per hour, which is about twice as slow as the ordinary internal combustion engine ships of later generations. .
Moreover, this result is due to the fact that Sun Xiangfu directly let them mount a steam engine with a turbo-enhanced power, and a more scientific propeller to propel the ship. It is comparable to the speed of the first steam ship 'Claremont' manufactured by Lao Mei, which can only run about eight kilometers per hour.
The weakness of the steam engine is obvious. It is bulky and huge, and cannot be separated from the boiler. The temperature and pressure of the fresh steam cannot be too high, and the exhaust pressure cannot be too low. It is difficult to improve the thermal efficiency. The reciprocating operation makes its working process not Coherent, inertia limits the increase of its speed, even if the turbo design is added, it is still a weak chicken.
But it still has a lot of room for improvement and development. The three-cylinder steam model engine currently used on the test ship should belong to the multi-expansion steam engine, which can be improved into a single-flow type, steam turbine type, and rotary type in the future. Its power and stability , there is still room for substantial improvement. In the end, it is also possible to make the speed of the ship reach more than ten knots.
In any case, as long as this power mode is correct and feasible, then it will be a huge success. Li Chengqian doesn't care much about the speed of the large ship, but points to the small boat path loaded with the model machine, "If it is only used as a Can the propulsion of a small boat reach a thousand miles in one day?"
Marseille replied, "If it is used as a small boat, it is not difficult to travel a long distance, but if the boat goes too fast, the bumps will be very strong. We need a lot of stable designs. Moreover, if the hull is made of wood , definitely not, it may be necessary to build a steel hull."
Hearing this, Li Chengqian understood that the wooden hull could not withstand the speed of chopping waves on the water, but the hull made of steel was different, as long as it did not hit the reef and overturn the boat, no matter how bumpy it was on the water, it would not be able to move. It fell apart, so he said excitedly, "Sometimes, speed is very important. You must design the fastest ship under safe conditions."
At this moment, Empress Changsun said in surprise, "A ship made of steel? Wouldn't it sink if put into the water?"
Li Chengqian laughed and said, "Hahaha, Queen Mother, you don't know about this. Those big steel-clad ships with steel keels are not light. Why didn't they sink into the water? There is a scientific reason for this. At this moment, Erchen can't explain it clearly to you, just listen, when will they be able to build this steamboat!"
Marseille replied, "At this time, it is still hard to say. It is not as simple as imagined to multiply its size and power, and its stability still needs to be continuously measured.
In addition, to actually apply it to long-term sailing use, the entire machine needs a lot of design improvements in terms of anti-turbulence and firmness.
In addition, how to flexibly control and use it on the ship will require a new design. If there is no more than one or two years, it is estimated that the water test cannot be done. If there is no more than three years, it cannot be guaranteed that it can be used stably. , even if the ship is stable, it will take a long time to train some crew members who can operate, drive and maintain this steam ship. "
After being told by Marseille, Li Chengqian realized that the successful test of the model machine was only their first step, and there was still a long way to go for the real application of it.
"This steam engine is extremely important to the future development of my Tang Dynasty. Your contribution, my father and I, will never forget it. Later, there will be a big reward for you. I hope you will continue to work hard and put it into use as soon as possible. If you need any support, you can report to me directly, and I will do my best to support it." Li Chengqian encouraged everyone in the research team.
Everyone saluted and thanked everyone when they heard the words, and then Marseille said, "His Royal Highness, the application of steam engines is not limited to water pumps and shipbuilding. In order to make them apply to all walks of life as soon as possible, I suggest that the members of the research team be divided into multiple groups. , expanded into multiple teams, and started its applied research in an all-round way.”
Hearing this, Li Chengqian nodded without thinking, "No problem, I will give you a call-up order. All things are up to you. Talents in any industry, as long as you think there is a need, can be called up." Research groups, research funding, no upper limit."
"My lord, thank you for your trust, His Highness the Crown Prince. I'm sure I'll get the research results as soon as possible." With Li Chengqian's strong support, all the members of the research team were shocked and bowed in salute.
In fact, these people don't care about material rewards at all, they are already rich enough, and the lowest in the research group are all academicians on the fifth rank. However, the work enthusiasm of science and engineering men does not lie in these fame and fortune.
What they want is to make something astonishing, like a steam engine, that's it.
After Li Chengqian returned to the palace, he wrote a letter to Sun Xiangfu immediately, and Empress Changsun wrote to Li Shimin. The steam engine was as amazing as Sun Zhengming, who first proposed its concept, said. I'm afraid that many weird things will be launched again.
Sun Xiangfu, who was in Yanjin, received a letter from Li Chengqian more than half a month later. The reply to this letter was to bring some water pumps and new tools for land reclamation to Liaodong. Just when the Sanjiang Plain was being developed, This thing can be used.
Because, he and Su Dingfang, Shangguanyi and others have just returned from surveying the terrain in the Sanjiang Plain and are working on planning and design.
Here, the current situation is basically the same as the desolate scene of "beating roe deer with sticks and scooping fish with ladle, and pheasants flying into the rice pot" in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, but the wetland area is larger, which is very suitable for development into rice fields. It was almost 60 educated youths and troops who mobilized to reclaim wasteland and fields here, and finally built it into my country's North Dacang, allowing the annual grain output here to reach 500 million tons later.
Converting this output into stones of this period is about 5000 million stones, which can not only feed more than 800 million people in this area in later generations, but also produce at least [-]% more grain for sale.
But now, although Sun Xiangfu can't bring these people who are not very good at farming to realize the development scale and output like later generations, it is a little bit that the output can feed the nearly 800 million people in the entire Andong Daduhufu. There were no problems. After the overall planning effect was drawn, the laughter of Su Dingfang and Shangguanyi almost shook the roof.
According to Sun Xiangfu's plan, isn't the final form of this area the same as the paddy area of Shannan Road?
"You two, don't be too happy too early. Although this area can open up more than 4000 million mu of high-yielding fertile land, you don't have that many people who are suitable for farming. Moreover, the area is remote, and the early development requires money to invest in it. It is very huge, and it is not so easy to become what I planned.”
Sun Xiangfu's planning concept is to protect the ecological environment of this area as much as possible, so that the agriculture, animal husbandry, commerce, and administrative management here are all very convenient. Therefore, in the end, he marked the area suitable for development into fields , is much smaller than the area of later generations, and many wetlands have been preserved.
But even 4000 million mu of land cannot be cultivated by the 10 people that Su Dingfang and the others mobilized these days, because even if it is relatively easy to cultivate plain land, if intensive cultivation is required to achieve high yields, the average cultivated area per household is also It is not suitable to exceed [-] mu. This has been verified in Shannan Road, but it can only be less if the people in Liaodong are not good at farming.
If all 4000 million mu are to be cultivated, there will be almost 200 million households, which is almost all the people in the territory of the Andong Dadu Hufu. This is obviously impossible.
Being splashed with cold water by Sun Xiangfu, Shangguanyi didn't care at all, and said excitedly, "We didn't plan to fix it right away. Shannan Road has developed more than 2000 million mu of paddy fields, and there are still millions of people. , Four or five years of credit! Our requirements are not high, three years, it is enough to produce 1000 million mu, which can be compared to the irrigated land produced by Shannan Road, the output of 1000 million mu of land, our entire security All the people in the Dongda Protectorate can eat for a year with their cheeks open, and they can't finish it."
Sun Xiangfu spread his hands and said, "Well, based on the calculation of 400 million acres of development per year, you should mobilize! In July, at least 100 million young and strong people will be in place. At most, in mid-September, they will be withdrawn for autumn harvest. April next year Month, go on."
Using 100 million young adults to develop 400 million mu of land, an average of only four mu per person, the difficulty and workload are not great. The reason why the target is so small is that the freezing period in this area is as long as seven or eight days. month, more time needs to be invested in housing infrastructure.
Only when the heating kangs, kettles, and houses with better freezing and pressure resistance are built, can everyone spend the winter there. After all, it is located in a remote place, and if something unexpected happens, it is more difficult to rescue them. Difficult, but the quasi-Han people mobilized from Yanjin may not be able to adapt to the weather and environment that the Mohe people and Shiwei people can adapt to.
(End of this chapter)
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