History can't bear to look at the complete collection

Chapter 89 The Inhuman Moment 8
A memorial to the loss of millions of lives
After the Qing army entered the customs, Nanming established a small Hongguang court in the south of the Yangtze River, but it was decadent and fatuous, and people's minds changed.After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing government declared that "no killing, no hair shaving, peace and happiness for the people", so the people lived a stable life.

But at this time, Sun Zhixie, a surrendered minister of the Ming Dynasty, wrote a memorial and asked Dorgon, the regent of the Qing Dynasty, to issue a "hair shaving order". Sun Zhixie, a native of Zichuan, Shandong, was a Jinshi during the Ming Dynasty.This person's character is corrupt and capricious, and he has never made a name for himself in the officialdom.Later, when the Qing army entered the customs, in order to make a good impression on his new master, he immediately became a traitor, betrayed the Ming court, and became the first batch of Han officials to beg for surrender. The Qing Dynasty did not treat him badly, and rewarded him He is an official of the Ministry of Rites.

In order to continue to climb up, he shaved his own bald head and put on Manchu costumes. He didn't want to be despised by the Han people and ridiculed by the Manchus at the top of the court.In order to avenge his shame, he wrote a memorial, suggesting to Qing Shizu to shave the hair of Han people throughout the territory.

In the memorial, he had a few words that hit the nail on the head: "Your Majesty pacified the Central Plains and reformed everything, but the system of clothes and hair tied up in the old Han Dynasty is unique. This is your Majesty's obedience to China, not your Majesty's obedience to China!" It worked so well that Dorgon decided to shave his hair forcibly, so Sun Zhixie's persuasion set off a bloody storm in the Central Plains.

Forced hair shaving is equivalent to spiritual "castration", which made the people who had the heart of surrender at that time aroused the heart of resistance again. On June 1645, 6, the Qing court once again issued an order: "Those who are close In January, and those who are far away in March, everyone will shave their hair and return to obedience." Shaving became an order.

However, the Han people in the south of the Yangtze River strongly resisted this. In order to suppress it, the Qing army used force. All of a sudden, rivers of blood flowed everywhere in the south of the Yangtze River.After entering Jiangyin City, men, women and children in the city rushed to the water, threw themselves into the fire, slayed themselves, and hanged themselves to commit suicide. The Qing army was also unambiguous. Knife.

In the Kunshan area, the hearts of the people were peaceful, but when the hair-shaving order was issued, the people fought against each other. First, they killed the local officials of the Qing army, and then burned down the government office. The condition is miserable, including leaning on the door, lying on the bed, throwing oneself into a pavilion, pulling the sill, binding back, binding, pressing a wooden pillar, decapitating, slashing the neck, splitting the shoulder, breaking the waist, gouging out the intestines, sinking the chest, dismembering, and sacrificing...

Let’s talk about Jiading again. At the end of July 1645, more than 7 Qing troops marched towards Jiading, raping, killing and burning along the way, committing all kinds of crimes.The Qing army opened the city gate of Jiading with artillery fire, and the people in the city couldn't escape, so they threw themselves into the river to die. For a while, the river stopped flowing.

At that time, Jiangnan was completely a picture of hell on earth, with bones everywhere and dead bodies in scorched earth, it was too horrible to look at.A person named Zhu Zisu who had personal experience wrote later in "Jiading Massacre of the City": "Among the citizens, those who hang the beams, those who throw wells, those who throw rivers, those who have blood on their faces, and those who have amputated limbs, those who were chopped down did not die. Those whose hands and feet are still moving, their bones and flesh are in disarray."

After these massacres by the Qing army, people in most parts of the south of the Yangtze River surrendered, shaved their hair, and claimed to be obedient citizens of the Qing Dynasty.Under the murderous power of the sea of ​​​​blood and flesh, the arrogance of resistance was finally suppressed.But at that time, the Han people also recognized the true face of the Qing Dynasty.

A foreign missionary who was preaching in the south of the Yangtze River at that time said with emotion: "The new system of braided hair and Hufu aroused the disgust of the Han people. They rebelled against the Manchurian government. The Han people thought that being forced to braid their hair and wear Hufu was better than being in any foreign race." The title is a disgrace. The Han people who used to be docile like sheep in order to protect their heads are now fighting like tigers because of protecting their hair. If the kings in the south of the Yangtze River (the kings of the Ming Dynasty) at that time could rise together and avoid internal strife, would the Manchus be able to The unification of China is still in question.”

Although the forced shaving of the hair unified the costumes, on another level, it seriously hindered the unification process of the Qing Dynasty.Sun Zhixie caused such heavy losses to his compatriots for his greed for wealth and honor, but fortunately, he himself did not have any good rewards.

Retribution sometimes came quickly. Three years later, Sun Zhixie was dismissed from his post and sent back to his hometown Zichuan because of accepting bribes.On the road, he encountered an uprising by Xie Qian and others from Shandong Province. His whole family was beheaded and killed, while he himself was tortured by being tied up for more than ten days. Pig hair re-planted his hair, and finally cut him into pieces. Later generations commented on him in their notes: "Sigh, a villain is in vain. When his whole family dies, the whole family will die." , I am afraid that the iron casting of the sixteen states will not make a mistake!"

(End of this chapter)