Galactic Tech Empire

Chapter 238 Overload
Next, Huang Haojie asked a crucial question: "Let us share our views on the issue of astronauts' body overload."

This question is indeed very important. If the mass projector can only be used to transport goods, then the cost performance will be greatly reduced.

In principle, the mass projector is destined to be unfriendly to the human body. After all, the initial speed is too fast, and the speed in the air will suddenly reach 16 times the speed of sound.

In the mass projection system designed by Yinhe Technology, in addition to the 500-meter superconducting guide rail at the bottom, the magnetic vacuum pipeline is also an electromagnetic acceleration track.

The overload of an astronaut or pilot, that is, the acceleration, according to the calculation formula, we can know how much this overload is.

The basic formula of acceleration is [end speed-initial speed/time equals acceleration], there is also "average speed/time=acceleration", the formula is a=V/t].

The concept of acceleration is "a physical quantity that describes how fast an object changes speed.

Acceleration can be positive or negative, which is very important. Acceleration is negative when decelerating and positive when accelerating.

In the case of increasing speed, when the acceleration is in the same direction as the speed, the object accelerates. According to the formula [Vt final velocity - Vo acceleration = the product of at acceleration and movement time is greater than 0, indicating that Vt is greater than Vo, so at is greater than 0].

No matter whether the acceleration is increasing or decreasing, it is accelerating, and the displacement must increase.

In the case of deceleration, when the acceleration is in the opposite direction to the velocity, the object will decelerate, and the formula is Vt-Vo=at.

The projected initial velocity of the mass projector in the air (instantaneous velocity of rushing out of the vacuum pipe) is about 5 kilometers per second, so on the vacuum pipe, this speed must be tripled at least.

In other words, the speed of the projection spacecraft at 60 kilometers will reach an astonishing 15 kilometers per second.

According to the supercomputing results of the Electromagnetic Catapult Research Institute, it only takes 120 seconds for the mass catapult to reach the 60-kilometer vacuum tube, and the acceleration during this process will reach 125G.

Even if the speed is reduced and the initial speed is suppressed to 12 kilometers per second, the acceleration still reaches 100G, which is unacceptable to the human body.

So how much acceleration can the human body accept?
Taking the pilot load as an example, the pilot load is the acceleration or overload that the pilot receives when the aircraft is moving. It is expressed in G, which is equivalent to the acceleration of gravity.

The overload experienced by the pilot is different from the overload of the aircraft, but generally the same value, after all, the pilot is in the aircraft.

The pilot's overload is divided into positive overload and negative overload, such as negative overload when diving, and positive overload when climbing upward.

Fighter pilots have higher requirements for overload than other pilots, because fighter jets often do maneuvers, which are all large overload actions. Pilots are required to be able to withstand at least 8G overload, and it is best to reach 9G.

In this way, only when wearing anti-G suits and being prepared can actions be performed safely, which is why astronauts are selected from fighter pilots.

And the human body limit of 8-9G is also within a certain period of time. In case of instantaneous overload, the human body can withstand a higher level.

Generally, the human body can withstand an acceleration of about 10G. For example, Gagarin, the first astronaut to enter outer space, suffered an overload of about 11G.

This is due to the backwardness of the early aerospace equipment, the early rocket acceleration was extremely high, and the overload often reached about 30G within 10 seconds after take-off.

Due to the advanced computer control of modern launch vehicles, the trajectory is more rationalized. After lift-off, the acceleration is generally around 3G.

The overload has the greatest impact on the cardiovascular circulatory system.

The increased acceleration during overload affects the distribution of pressure in the body due to blood and other body fluids.

When the spacecraft rises rapidly, the blood in the human body will sink as if the feet of an elevator, and the blood will quickly concentrate to the lower part, causing the lower blood vessels to expand, and the blood vessel walls will be under great pressure, which in turn will cause the liquid in the blood vessels to flow to the surrounding tissues. Osmotic leakage, so that lower extremity swelling and tingling.

Concentration of blood to the lower part will also cause ischemia in the heart and head, loss of vision and slow response; in severe cases, even confusion may occur.

To avoid these consequences, astronauts wear anti-G suits that interfere with blood flow.

Overloading causes blood to flow to the lower part of the body, and this device avoids excessive concentration of blood in the legs.

At the same time, let the astronauts adopt a proper posture and use reclining seats, which can also reduce the ischemia of the head and heart, thereby improving the astronauts' anti-acceleration ability.

The problem is that even with anti-G suits and a reasonable posture, it is impossible for astronauts to withstand a terrible overload of up to 100-125G.

Although in 1954, a military doctor of Mi Li’s family was pushed by a rocket accelerator, he suffered an overload of 1.4G for 46.2 seconds, and his vision was permanently damaged as a result.

In addition, it is also from Mi Li’s family. In the Indy 500 race car final, a racer’s deceleration speed reached an astonishing 214G in an instant when he hit the guardrail. This guy was lucky to survive and returned to the racing track 18 months later.

Although these cases all show that the human body is not as fragile as imagined, these cases can only be regarded as special cases, not universal.

If the astronauts sit on the projection spacecraft with an overload of 100-125G, there will be only one consequence, that is, the blood vessels will burst and the eyeballs will be squeezed out of the body, which is an inevitable result.

As for betting the lives of astronauts on the one-tenth of the survival rate, Huang Haojie couldn't do it, and it wasn't economically acceptable either.

"This problem is indeed very troublesome. After all, the advantage of the mass catapult is that it has a fast initial velocity. If the initial velocity is too slow, it will not be able to break through the Karman line at all, which is equivalent to abolishing martial arts." Academician Ma is also quite helpless.

Wang Guanghai also racked his brains and couldn't think of a solution. He proposed a compromise plan:

"It seems that the mass catapult can only be used to transport materials for the time being, and the astronauts have gone to space through the launch vehicle."

Chang Yanji, the director of the Life Research Institute who was here today to make soy sauce, could not help thinking about it when he heard this.

"Boss, maybe the vitamin solution can solve this problem!"

"Vitamin liquid?" Huang Haojie was taken aback for a moment, and then realized:

"Vitalizing solution! Yes! It's a vitalizing solution, why didn't I think of it."

"What is the vitamin solution that Mr. Huang is talking about?" Li Zhongting asked quickly.

"A thing that allows people to breathe in a liquid. If people are immersed in it, it can be similar to the survival of deep-sea fish in the deep sea." Huang Haojie explained.

Deep-sea fish can live in a high-pressure environment because the water inside their body offsets the external pressure.

The physical nature of an object under water pressure in the deep sea is similar to that under high acceleration, and it is a problem of deformation caused by pressure.

In the first half of the last century, it was proposed to use a liquid that humans can breathe freely to solve the pressure resistance problem of deep-sea diving, but it has not been realized due to the limitation of technical conditions.

Until 1966, scientist Leland Clark discovered that mice that accidentally fell into a fluorocarbon (difluorobutyltetrahydrofuran) solution could still survive.

It turns out that the oxygen-dissolving capacity of this solution is particularly strong, about 20 times that of water, and mice can freely "breathe" in the solution.

Using this solution as a basis, scientists further invented artificial blood, which was first clinically successful in 1979.

It can be said that this artificial blood fulfills a part of the function of anti-pressure liquid.

(End of this chapter)