Super top students: the most efficient learning method for top students

Chapter 39 Reading also needs to pay attention to efficiency (1)
Successful reading comes from a detailed plan
Reading must have a clear purpose, and reading without a purpose will definitely not have any efficiency.In the limited precious time, in order to achieve twice the result with half the effort, we should first determine the goal and make a detailed reading plan for ourselves.

We must have goals in our lives, and we must have goals in learning and reading, and we should also ensure the realization of the reading goals. Therefore, when making a reading plan, whether to read in the morning or before going to bed, or other times, should be determined according to your actual situation. .

Zhu Ling, a graduate student majoring in political economy at Wuhan University, originally only had a junior high school education.She went to the countryside to work as a farmer and worked as a worker in a factory, but she insisted on self-study and was finally admitted to graduate school.After entering the school, she made a 15-year study plan for herself.The goal she set for herself is: "Master the basic theories and latest achievements of political economy, and make achievements in one or two fields." Under the guidance of this long-term plan, she formulated a medium-term study plan, as shown in the first A 5-year plan, focusing on the study of basic theories of history, philosophy, and political economics, and writing popular books such as "Learning Talk" and ""Das Kapital" Outline".

On the basis of the medium-term plan, she also made short-term plans and daily quotas. According to her: "If you divide the monthly tasks into four, you can clearly know how much you need to do in a week. Then, every day It's easy to calculate how many pages you read and how many things you write." Zhu Ling has finally cultivated herself into a useful talent by strictly following the three-level plan to study.

To ensure the realization of reading goals, it is necessary to formulate a multi-level reading plan.This multi-level reading plan is divided into three types: long-term reading plan, medium-term reading plan and daily quota.

1. Long-term reading plan
To formulate a long-term reading plan is to plan one's life as a whole, and make overall arrangements for each stage of childhood, adolescence, youth, adulthood, and old age.As early as 2500 years ago, Confucius proposed that "I am determined to learn at fifteen, stand up at thirty, not be confused at forty, know the destiny at fifty, listen to my ears at sixty, and follow my heart without breaking the rules at seventy."We may not all follow Confucius's self-design, but it is advisable to plan our life as a whole.

To formulate a long-term reading plan, you need to consider the following factors: clearly specify the time you use, and work out a more feasible plan based on your knowledge and expertise, taking into account your physical condition and family conditions.For example, what kind of books are you going to read?How many stages does the whole process take?With such a plan, you can make your reading and studying every year, every month, and even every day have a track that you can generally follow.This orbit can make the "planet" of your study and study revolve around a specific "star" without getting lost.

Of course, the long-term reading plan cannot remain unchanged. With the passage of time, the update and progress of knowledge, and the changes of one's own specific situation, the long-term plan needs to be adjusted appropriately.In addition, the plan formulated for the first time cannot be perfect. In the process of implementation, it must be properly revised and revised to make it perfect day by day, more suitable for its own situation, and more practical.Here I would like to remind everyone that the formulation of long-term study plans is a strategic decision. It must be bold, prudent, and scientific. Harvesting, no direction, no goal, reading in a daze.

2. Medium-term reading plan
After all, the long-term reading plan is rough, it only stipulates the general direction and progress of reading, so it is necessary to formulate a more specific and detailed mid-term reading plan.

It is generally more appropriate to set the time for the medium-term reading plan as one year. On the premise of following the long-term plan, determine the reading task for the year: What is the center and focus of this year's research?What books must be read?What kind of requirements are met?The one-year reading plan can be further divided in the order of seasons and months, with clear goals and specific tasks as much as possible, and not mere formalities.

3. Daily Quota
In order to ensure the implementation of long-term reading plans and medium-term reading plans, daily quota reading is very important. Ancient Chinese scholars often referred to this daily quota reading as "daily class".

In the ancient Southern Dynasties, Zhang Sui began to study poetry at the age of 12, and he insisted on completing the daily plan every day.Once he came back late after going out as a guest. He was very sleepy and wanted to go to bed. He suddenly remembered that the plan for the day had not been completed, so he turned and went to the study.When the family members saw him, they persuaded him, "It's better to rest. It's not too late to do it tomorrow." Zhang Shu replied, "No way! How can today's affairs be postponed until tomorrow? Maybe tomorrow will be delayed by other things. .” After he finished speaking, he walked into the study and went to bed after writing a poem.

Because Zhang Shui strictly followed the daily schedule to read and write poems, he read many books and wrote more than 16 poems by the time he was 2000 years old.

Whether we are formulating long-term plans, medium-term reading plans, or formulating daily quotas, we must be down-to-earth, not just seeking form, but also leaving room for it. This room is different from the room for maneuver in general plans, but can be achieved through hard work. room for.

In this way, we can make progress and progress every day.If we can persevere, our reading and learning will eventually bear fruit.

Zhu Xi has a famous reading method, that is, the "stage marking method". He believes that reading should understand its subtleties.However, when you first read a book, it is impossible to see the subtleties thoroughly.Therefore, he advocated using the staged marking method to record how he comprehended the profound and subtle aspects of the article step by step.His specific approach is:

(1) Use a red pen to draw the words that you think are the most exciting and valuable, so that they will be easy to catch when you read them for the second time.This is the first mark.

(2) Use the blue pen to draw the words that you still think or otherwise think are the most exciting and valuable, and from the comparison, sort out your further understanding in reading.This is the second mark.

(3) Use a black pen to underline the words that you still think or otherwise think are the most exciting and valuable, and from the comparison and verification, summarize your profound understanding in reading.This is the third mark.

Zhu Xi's method can be used not only for intensive reading, but also for speed reading, that is, when speed reading is "reached by stages", it will not hinder the reading speed, and at the same time can improve the reading efficiency, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone.

Double your reading speed

Reading can become more convenient and efficient.

How would you react if you felt like you were a slow reader and now there was a way to double, triple, or even tenfold your reading ability?

In life, many people have huge reading plans, but they are often intimidated by their own reading plans.They think reading is a chore.As everyone knows, it is precisely because they read with this kind of thought that they find it difficult to read.They may therefore give up reading and let the reading material accumulate gradually.Soon, they were left far behind. Looking at the piled up materials and books, they realized the horror of reading more and more, and felt that it was a hard job.

In fact, the reason why you feel that reading is a chore is mainly because you don't know how to read more quickly.The purpose of our reading is not to read faster, but to read more simply and effectively.

You don't have to learn skills to improve your reading skills.There are many ways in your life that you can increase the speed at which you read letters, books, newspaper articles, and other information.

A survey tells us that more than 90% of what we read is irrelevant.Most of the text is long-winded or irrelevant to our topic of interest.In fact, only 10% or even less contains information that we can use.

This reminds us that if you can skip the 90% unnecessary content and directly read the 10% content that can be used, think about it, how much time and energy you can save?You can read twice as much in the same amount of time.

To improve our reading speed, we must avoid getting bogged down in details.

Sometimes, the author often adds some details in the article in order to express a certain point of view. In fact, these details are not the focus of your attention. The role of the details is only the author's interpretation of the point of view.In fact, the purpose of your reading is to find out the main points you need.

Also, be able to identify which parts you don't have to read, and if it's not relevant to the topic, you can skip it and don't need to read it.For example, there is a lot of material in an article, and sometimes most of the material has little to do with your topic of interest.Only some are directly related to the aspects you care about.Regardless of the percentage of irrelevant material, you should skip it.Then, focus on discovering and reading the relevant sections.In this way, you will naturally save a lot of your own time and improve your reading efficiency.

Another point is, only read the key parts that the author points out for you.Because many authors have pointed out for you which points are more important in their books, magazines, brochures, reports and other reading materials, and from which part to start to turn to another topic.

We can also notice that almost all publications use some extra-large boldface type as headlines to remind readers that a new topic is discussed next.Often, these headings provide a high-level summary of the main points that follow.You must have seen such headlines in newspapers, books, reports, and other written materials.So, going straight to the topics of these key sections will make a big difference to your reading.

In short, there are methods and techniques to improve reading speed, the key lies in your continuous efforts and improvement.

Save even more time with "Reading Diagrams"
Now, we have entered an era of "knowledge explosion" and fast reading. We need to read a lot of materials and information every day, and at the same time filter out useful information from these information. At this time, what many people feel most lacking is time.

People who feel like they don't have enough time and feel like they're wasting their reading time in their lives are unaware of the simple secret that the vast majority of nonfiction magazines, articles, reports, and books Is written according to a general structure or pattern.

For example, take our common map as an example. If you can read it according to a "reading diagram", it can make you reach your destination faster, and you will also know where to stay, where there are shortcuts, and more Most importantly, "Reading Diagram" can help you find 98% of the information you need faster.

With the advent of the "Picture Reading Era", all kinds of pictures are overwhelmingly presented in front of people. Reading pictures has become a fashion, and reading pictures has become another choice to save time.

In everyday life, "reading a graph" is a simple and effective form.

Around us, all the images that can be accessed have a common advantage: vivid images, large amount of information, and bring convenience to readers.

In terms of specific reading experience, reading text requires people to use more mental resources (interpreting the meaning of text symbols and logical thinking) and physical reserves (must focus on one letter or Chinese character after another) superior).

"Reading pictures" uses more human image thinking. Book and magazine editors are trying to make the pictures bigger and bigger. It seems that people's interpretation of the pictures does not take much effort at all.

In fact, reading maps and mind maps have the same effect.

When using the "reading map", according to the general steps, first quickly scan through the content to determine the theme of your concern, just like determining the central image of the mind map.

Then read the headings at all levels, which can be regarded as the main branches of the mind map.

Based on these, try to understand the important points and arguments.

Then find the information you are most interested in and conduct key analysis.Also, ignore the parts that don't matter.

(End of this chapter)