Shadow of the Tomb Raider: A Complete Record of the History of Tomb Raiders in China

Chapter 77
In 2005, Huang, a native of Guilin, Guangxi, read an article in the Nanguo Morning Post that there were many ancient tombs of Shao Zhongxiang and a large number of precious cultural relics were unearthed from the tomb of King Liangzhuang, and he suddenly became interested in looting.Subsequently, Huang, together with Long, Pan and other six people, fled to Zhongxiangying Zhongcheng District in early March and lived in a hotel on Changkeng Street.In the name of visiting, after learning about the situation in the city museum, they identified Mingming Mausoleum and King Yingjing's Tomb as the targets of robbery.After stepping on the site, they found that it was obvious that the tomb could not be used, so they locked the target on the tomb of King Yingjing. Six tomb robbers prepared all their tools and took advantage of the night to rob and dig the tomb of King Ying Jing, digging frantically to a depth of more than 6 meters.

In the early morning of the next day, nearby villagers found a lot of wet soil next to the ancient tomb, so they called the police at the Jiuli Police Station where they were located.The police at the institute analyzed that the tomb robbers would come to dig at night, so they deployed control at various intersections.At about 8 o'clock that night, the police arrested 6 of the 4 tomb robbers on the spot, and the other two fled in a hurry, and fell into the law soon after.

The tomb of King Yingjing was robbed many times. Although it survived the theft, Huang’s theft has been highly valued by governments at all levels and cultural relics administrative departments. On-the-spot investigation of the tomb of King Yingjing agreed that: the tomb of King Yingjing is located in a remote rural area, with extremely inconvenient transportation and communication. In addition, the current security situation of cultural relics is becoming more and more serious, and the crime of tomb robbery is very rampant. Therefore, it was decided to adopt "rescue excavation" protection measures.

2005年4月27日，国家文物局下发《关于对郢靖王墓进行抢救发掘的意见函》，同意组织对郢靖王墓进行抢救性发掘。2005年11月28日正式开始。

On December 2005, 12, archaeologists took out the epitaph of the king's tomb from the cemetery. This is a combined epitaph, which is composed of two parts: "cover" and "body". There is cinnabar on the writing.The epitaph reads: Wang, Yudong, the third son of Emperor Taizu Gao No. 26... Wang died on November 20st in the 12th year (AD 1414) at the age of twenty-seven.Concubine Guo, the daughter of Guo Ying, Duke Xiang of Yingguowei.The emperor missed his blood relatives and mourned deeply. He stopped looking at the court for ten or five days.On the 13th day of April in the 1415th year of Yongle (AD [-]), it was buried in Baohe Mountain (Huangcheng Bay, Group [-], Sanchahe Village, Jiuli Hui Township, Zhongxiang City)... This proves that this tomb is indeed the tomb of Zhu Dong, king of Yingjing .

On December 12, the gate of King Yingjing's tomb finally revealed the true face of Lushan Mountain.The archaeological experts present all lamented that this is the best-preserved tomb of the vassal king in the Ming Dynasty!One day later, the Palace of the King's Tomb was officially opened, and this mysterious king's tomb was revealed to the world for the first time.The ancient legends and the present reality magically coincided.

The coffin and corpse in the tomb have decayed.But judging from the remaining teeth and bones, this is a joint burial tomb for husband and wife.According to historical records, after the death of Zhu Dong, king of Yingjing, his concubine Guo cried bitterly and said: "The virtuous king gave me away. I am widowed and childless. Who should rely on the evil? Since childhood, the virtuous king has served as a guest and friend, and now he endures alone. Live!" He put on makeup and faced the mirror, wrote his own guest, and paid Jin Mi Palace's hands.Then he committed suicide.When the imperial court heard about it, they were virtuous, thickened their shirt codes, and buried the two together in Baohe Mountain.

The back room of King Yingjing's tomb is the joint burial place of the king and concubine.There is a large coffin bed here. The coffin can no longer be seen on the coffin bed, but some items are piled up.Moreover, because water had entered the tomb, the placement of all funerary objects has changed.Experts said that the two coffins should be placed on the coffin bed, with the heads of the coffins facing the north, the coffin of King Ying Jing in the east, and the coffin of the princess in the west.Two blue and white porcelain vases were found in the back room, one engraved with dragon patterns and the other with phoenix patterns.According to the custom at that time, these two porcelain vases should be soul vases. The dragon-pattern vase was placed on the head of King Ying Jing, and the phoenix-pattern vase was placed on the head of the princess. of.Judging from the situation at the scene, although the two porcelain vases have been filled with water, they have been preserved quite well, with high historical and artistic values, and are precious cultural relics.On the coffin bed, a gleaming gold powder box was also found with an inscription on it, recording the year of manufacture. Experts speculate that this may be a product used by the princess during her lifetime.

There are 6 decayed coffins in the left and right ear chambers of the tomb, three in the left ear chamber and three in the right ear chamber. The heads of the coffins are all facing the middle chamber. The skulls and teeth of the deceased were judging from the age of the deceased.In the ear chamber, the experts also found 3 porcelain vases and some gold and silver wares, all of which were decorations worn by the martyrs, mainly including gold hairpins, silver hairpins, silver flowers and gold earrings. The victims were six women, and gold beads and agate were found under the skulls of the victims, which should have been contained in their mouths during the burial.

According to an expert at the scene, it is rare to see martyrs buried in the king's tomb, but it is even rarer to see so many martyrs buried in the tomb of King Yingjing. The six martyrs have long been weathered, and only teeth and ornaments were found. Their identities, ages, and why they became funerary objects are not recorded in the history books.Back then, because of the early death of King Ying Jing, there must have been many stories that were unknown to outsiders in the royal family.

History shows us that Ying Jing Wang Zhu Dong died of illness on November 1414, 11 at the age of 1.What caused this prominent prince to die so early has not yet been determined.According to Professor Wenqing, the leader of the archaeological excavation site, Zhu Dong's death may be related to alchemy and medicine.You must know that alchemy and medicine were more popular at that time, especially high-ranking officials and nobles indulged in it in order to practice immortality.According to historical records, his descendant Ming Guangzong Zhu Changluo also died inexplicably because of taking elixir.

On January 2006, 1, the cleaning of the tomb was completed. The tomb of the royal family, which had been sleeping underground for nearly 5 years, was finally truly displayed in front of archaeologists. The magnificent tomb and exquisite cultural relics have attracted the attention of the world...

The Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty was not stolen

In the previous chapters, we have introduced the historical facts that the Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty were frantically robbed by the warlord Sun Dianying and his like.Although the Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty were robbed and excavated, one tomb survived. This is the tomb of Emperor Shunzhi, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty.

Shunzhi, Aixinjueluo Fulin is the ninth son of Qing Taizong Aixinjueluo Huangtaiji. He was born in the Yongfu Palace of the Shengjing Palace on the 1638th day of the first month of Wuyin in the third year of Chongde (1643 A.D.). It is the second West Palace—the concubine Borzigit of Yongfu Palace, that is, Empress Xiaozhuang Wen.In the eighth year of Chongde (AD 10), on the 8th day of the first lunar month (October 1644th in the Gregorian calendar), he inherited his father's throne at the age of six, and was assisted by his uncle Prince Rui Dorgon and Prince Zheng Jierhalang. In 14, it was changed to Yuan Shunzhi.In September, the capital was moved from Shengjing to Beijing, and on the first day of October, the emperor was located in the Wuying Hall.Fulin was the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty who entered the customs in the first year of Shunzhi. 1651 years old (18) pro-government.Emperor Shunzhi reigned for 24 years and was only [-] years old when he died.Regarding Shunzhi's death, it is widely circulated that he passed away as a monk.

In history, there were many emperors who loved and preached Buddhism, but those who were really willing to abandon the emperor and convert to Buddhism are probably rare.The Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty was the one who truly converted to Buddhism in the legend.How authentic is this thing?

According to folklore, because Shunzhi suffered a mental blow, he saw through the world of mortals, so he threw away the throne and fled to Wutai Mountain to cut his hair and become a monk.In Shunzhi's short life, he married a total of 19 wives and concubines, almost one every year, but the one who pleased him most was Concubine Dong E.In Shunzhi's eyes, Concubine Dong E is his heart.Although the two have never made any vows, the inseparable feeling can indeed move the world and weep ghosts and gods.

Out of his preference for the Dong E family, Shunzhi planned to pass the throne to Dong E's son, but unfortunately this son died within a few months of birth.Dong E's family was hit hard, and at the same time, the empress dowager was tortured even worse. Therefore, in August of the 17th year of Shunzhi, he died of depression, and Shunzhi was in pain.In order to mourn Concubine Dong E, he ignored the government for 5 days.Not long after, he personally issued an imperial decree to the Ministry of Rites, specially adopting the method of posthumous title, and gave Concubine Dong E a posthumous title: Xiaoxian Zhuang and Zhide Xuanren Wenhui Duanjing Queen.

After the death of Concubine Dong E, Shunzhi's heart also went away, so he threw away the throne and shaved off his hair to become a monk. "The Romance of Qing History" and "The Unofficial History of the Qing Dynasty" all have stories about Emperor Shunzhi's renunciation due to the death of Concubine Dong E. The poet Wu Meicun also has poems suggesting that Emperor Shunzhi became a monk.There is also a legend that after Kangxi came to power, he used pilgrimage as an excuse to visit Shunzhi many times in Mount Wutai, hoping that Shunzhi would return to the palace, but Shunzhi was unmoved.Emperor Kangxi wrote a poem of mourning: "It's in a cool place again, and the rock rolls down again. The heart is ashamed and introspective, and the thin bones cry out for a long time. The ointment follows the fragrance festival, and the frost will cherish the big time. Manjusri's color is here, only the ghosts and gods know." The tone Very sad.It is also said that during the Kangxi period, the two palaces went west and passed through the north of Shanxi. The local government could not prepare imperial utensils, but found inner court utensils on Wutai Mountain. This seems to be another evidence that Shunzhi became a monk.Shunzhi has always been fond of Buddha, and there are two Zen masters Mu Jiang and Yulin enshrined in the palace, and the seals have titles such as "Chenyin Taoist" and "Idiot Taoist".He once said to Mu Jiang: "May the old monk not regard me as the son of heaven, but treat me like a disciple Xuan'an." He had long thought of cutting his hair and becoming a monk.A few days before he announced his death, he asked his most trusted eunuch Wu Liangfu to go to Minzhong Temple to shave off his hair and become a monk. Therefore, some people thought that the reason why Shunzhi became a monk was that he was not compatible with Empress Xiaohui, so when his beloved Concubine Dong E died, he used this As an excuse, he took refuge in the Pure Land.

Emperor Shunzhi ran away from home, causing the Qing palace to panic.In order not to arouse criticism from the world, they had no choice but to announce to the outside world: Emperor Shunzhi had passed away.However, this kind of lie can't be hidden for long.Soon, it was widely spread among the people that the dignified emperor of the Qing Dynasty shaved his hair and became a monk for a woman.

However, more researchers believe that Emperor Shunzhi did not become a monk, but died of illness in the palace.Meng Sen, an expert on the history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, cited the records of "Donghualu" and other historical books in his "Research on the Facts of Shizu's Monasticism" and believed that Qing Shizu died of pox and did not become a monk.On the fourth day of the first month of the 18th year of Shunzhi, the imperial court officially announced to the civil and military officials that the emperor was suffering from smallpox.At that time, Wang Xi recorded in "Wang Wenjing Collection Self-written Chronicles" that he was ordered to enter the Hall of Mental Cultivation and ordered: "I will never suffer from acne." Wang Xi was ordered to write the will.On the fifth day of the Lunar New Year, the imperial court gave amnesty to the world and ordered the people not to fry beans, light lamps and splash water.But in the middle of the night on the seventh day of the seventh day, Emperor Shunzhi still passed away.The temple name of Emperor Shunzhi is Shizu.His ashes were buried in the "Xiaoling Mausoleum" of the Eastern Tomb of the Qing Dynasty in Zunhua, Hebei. He was buried with two empresses, one of whom was Concubine Dong E, who was deeply loved by Shunzhi.After the death of Concubine Dong E, she was named "Empress Xiaoxian Zhuang and Zhide Xuanren Wenhui Duanjing".Xiaoling Mausoleum is located at the southern foot of the main peak of Ruishan Mountain, backed by Changrui Mountain and facing Jinxing Mountain in front, on the main axis of the mausoleum area.The four imperial mausoleums of the later generations are arranged on the left and right in turn, which deeply embodies the traditional concepts of "respecting the middle", "ordering the elders and young", and "differentiating the inferior from the superior".

Emperor Shunzhi was buried by cremation, which is unique among the emperors of the Eastern Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty.According to the "Five Deng Quanshu Maoxi Biography", Emperor Shunzhi was burned by Zen master Maoxi Sen.Emperor Shunzhi believed in Buddhism. After his death, he naturally hoped to handle his funeral according to Buddhist rules.In addition, he also followed the customs of his ancestors in his hometown. The custom outside the Great Wall in Manchuria is cremation.When Emperor Shunzhi died, the Manchus had only entered the customs for more than ten years, and the customs and habits of the people were still in use, and the emperor did not consider cremation a taboo.It can be seen that Emperor Shunzhi believed in Buddhism but did not become a monk, but in the end he adopted the method of cremation in accordance with Buddhist rules and the customs of his own nation.

Many people think that the Xiaoling Mausoleum in Shunzhi is almost an empty mausoleum except for three columbariums, which is well-founded.This is based on the fact that on the stele of Xiaoling's divine merits and virtues built on the sixth day of May in the sixth year of Kangxi, there are words like "The emperor's testament, don't decorate the mountain too much, don't bury gold and jade treasures", so people say that filial piety The mausoleum is an empty tomb, and there is no jewelry, gold or silver in it.It is possible that these undertakings have spread to the ears of the tomb robbers, so the entrance of the Xiaoling Mausoleum's underground palace has been drilled into three meters and has not yet been opened. This is probably the result of the tomb robbers' discouragement rather than luck.Because of this, Shunzhi's Xiaoling Mausoleum escaped the clutches of Sun Dianying and his like, and became the only reason why the tombs of Dongling, including the tombs of nurses and guards, were not robbed.

(End of this chapter)