Zi Zhi Tong Jian

Chapter 24 The Han Dynasty: The Banquet of the Hongmen (12)
When Yuan Shao heard that Cao Cao had attacked Chunyu Qiong, he said to his son Yuan Tan, "Even if Cao Cao captures Chunyu Qiong, I will lead the army to attack his camp, leaving him nowhere to hide." Zhang He went to attack Cao Jun's camp.Zhang He said: "Cao Cao led the elite troops to attack, and they will surely defeat Chunyu Qiong and others. Once they are captured and their luggage is burned, then the general situation is over. We should go to rescue Chunyu Qiong first." Guo Tu insisted on attacking first. Cao Cao's camp.Zhang He said: "Cao Cao's camp is very strong and must not be breached. If Chunyu Qiong and others are captured, then we will all become prisoners." However, Yuan Shao only sent light soldiers to rescue Chunyu Qiong, and sent heavy troops to attack Cao's camp. , Can't attack for a long time.

[Original text]

When Shao rode to Wuchao, Cao left and right or said: "The thief is a little closer, please divide your troops and refuse." Cao cao said angrily: "The thief is behind, it is white!" For the food and grain, more than a thousand soldiers were killed, and their noses were taken, and the lips and tongues of cattle and horses were cut off to show the Shao army, and the Shao army soldiers were all afraid.Guo Tu was ashamed of his plan's failure, so he reprimanded Zhang Yun in Shao and said, "He quickly defeated the army." He was angry and frightened, so he and Gao Lan burned their attack tools, and then they surrendered to the camp.Cao Hong doubted it and dared not accept it. Xun You said, "You don't use the plan, but you come here in anger. What doubts do you have?" He accepted it.So Shao's army was alarmed and defeated, and Shao and Tan rode on horses and crossed the river with [-] cavalry.If you can't catch up, take all your supplies, books, and treasures.The rest of the descendants did their best to kill more than [-] people.

Jushou was not as good as Shaodu, and he was held by Cao's army, so he shouted: "If you don't surrender, you will hold your ears!" Today is Xiangqin!" The professor said: "Jizhou made a mistake and went to the north by itself. The teaching and knowledge are all exhausted, so it is better for him to see the birds." Cao Cao said: "At the beginning, there was no plan, and we didn't use it. Now the chaos is uncertain, so it should be done. I will share it with you." The conferment said: "Uncle, mother and younger brother, the county ordered the Yuan family. If you are caught by the spirit of the public, you will die quickly." Cao Cao sighed and said: "If you are alone, you will get each other early, and the world will not worry about it." Good luck.If he seeks to return to the Yuan family, he will kill him.Cao Cao received Shao's book, and promised to burn it as well as those in the army, saying: "When Shao is strong, he can't protect himself alone, let alone everyone!"

【Translation】

When the cavalry sent by Yuan Shao arrived at Wuchao, some of Cao Cao's soldiers said: "The enemy cavalry is approaching, please divide your troops to resist." Cao Cao was furious: "The enemy came to the back to report!" Cao Jun launched a desperate fight Killed, and then defeated Yuan Jun, beheaded Chunyu Qiong and others, and burned all Yuan Jun's food and grass to ashes.Killed more than 1000 people in Yuan Jun, and cut off all their noses, as well as the lips and tongues of the captured cattle and horses, and showed them to Yuan Shao's soldiers.When Yuan Jun saw it, he was terrified.Guo Tu felt ashamed because his strategy failed, so he went to Yuan Shao to frame Zhang He again, saying: "Zhang He is very happy to hear that our army has lost." He burned down the equipment for attacking the camp, and went to Cao camp to surrender.Cao Hong was very puzzled, afraid of being tricked, and dared not accept their surrender.Xun You said: "Zhang Yun came to join him in a rage because Yuan Shao didn't follow his strategy. Why do you have any doubts?" Cao Hong then accepted Zhang He and Gao Lan's surrender.Yuan Jun was terrified and collapsed completely.In a panic, Yuan Shao, Yuan Tan and others wore turbans, rode fast horses, and led eight hundred knights to flee across the Yellow River.Cao Jun failed to catch up, but captured all of Yuan Shao's supplies, books and treasures.After the remnants of Yuan Jun surrendered, they were all buried alive by Cao Cao, killing more than 7 people.

Jushou was captured by Cao Jun because he had no time to cross the river with Yuan Shao and escape, but he shouted: "I didn't come to surrender, I was just captured!" "We have been in different places, and it is rare to see each other. I did not expect you to be caught by me today." Ju Shou said: "Yuan Shao made a mistake and brought his own defeat. I have not had time to display my talents and abilities, so it is natural to be captured. Yes." Cao Cao said: "Yuan Shao is a man of no plans, so he cannot adopt your plan. Now that the world is in chaos, I want to make meritorious deeds with you." Ju Shou said, "The lives of my uncle and younger brother are all in my hands. Yuan Shao's hands. If you really value me, then please kill me as soon as possible, this is my real blessing." Cao Cao sighed: "If I get you sooner, the affairs of the world will be nothing to worry about." Jushou was pardoned and given generous treatment.Not long after, Jushou planned to escape back to Yuan Shao's army, and Cao Cao executed him.When Cao Cao confiscated Yuan Shao's letters, he got letters from Xudu officials and his subordinates to Yuan Shao. He burned all these letters and said: "When Yuan Shao was powerful, even I felt that I couldn't protect myself. Not to mention the crowd!"

[Comment and Analysis]

The Battle of Guandu is one of the famous battles in history where fewer conquered more. This battle played a decisive role in Cao Cao's unification of the north.In 207 AD, Cao Cao finally wiped out Yuan Shao's remaining forces, unified the north, and fulfilled his long-cherished wish for many years.On the way to victory, he climbed Jieshi Mountain on the Bohai Sea, and wrote the famous poem "Guan Canghai": "Looking at Jieshi in the east, you can see the sea. The water and the river are light, and the mountains and islands stand tall. The trees are thick and the grass is luxuriant. The autumn wind is bleak, and the flood is surging. The sun and the moon travel, as if they come out of it. The stars and Han are brilliant, as if they come out of them. Fortunately, I sing to sing my will!", the poem expresses Cao Cao's heroic mood after unifying the north.

Crouching out of the mountain
[Original text]

Emperor Xiaoxian of the Han Dynasty Jian'an 12th Year
At the beginning, Zhuge Liang lived in Longzhong, Xiangyang, and compared himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi.People at that time did not know what to do, but Yingchuan Xu Shu and Cui Zhouping said that they believed it.Zhouping, the son of Lie.

Liu Bei was in Jingzhou and visited Sima Hui in Xiangyang.Hui said: "Confucian scholars and laymen don't know current affairs. Those who know current affairs care about heroes. There are Fulong and Phoenix chicks here." Bei asked who it was, and said: "Zhuge Kongming and Pang Shiyuan also." Xu Shu saw it in Xinye, and prepared it device.The commoner called Bei and said: "Zhuge Kongming, Wolong is also, the general would like to see him?" Of."

The backup is Yiliang, and if you go three times, you will see it.Yinping people said: "The Han Dynasty is in decline, treacherous officials steal their lives, and they are lonely without virtue and strength. They want to believe in righteousness in the world, but their wisdom is shallow, so they use it rampantly. As of today. However, the ambition is still unfinished. Will Ann come out?"

【Translation】

The 12th year of Jian'an, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty (207 A.D.)
At first, Zhuge Liang from Langye lived in Longzhong, Xiangyang, and he often compared himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi.But it was not recognized by others at that time, only Xu Shu and Cui Zhouping from Yingchuan were convinced.Cui Zhouping is the son of Cui Lie.

When Liu Bei was in Jingzhou, he asked Sima Hui from Xiangyang for a wise man.Sima Hui said: "Mediocre Confucian scholars and ordinary scholars, how can they recognize the current affairs? Only the outstanding people at that time can recognize the current affairs. In Xiangyang, there are Fulong and Fengchu." Liu Bei hurriedly asked who it was, and Sima Hui Said: "It's Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong." Xu Shu met Liu Bei in Xinye County, and Liu Bei valued Xu Shu very much.Xu Shu said to Liu Bei, "Zhuge Liang is Wolong. Would you like to see him, General?" Liu Bei said, "Then please come with him." Come, the general should bow down and visit him."

So Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang himself. He went there three times before seeing Zhuge Liang.Therefore, Liu Beiping withdrew his followers, and then said: "The royal family of the Han Dynasty is gradually declining, and the treacherous officials have stolen the power of the government. I don't measure my virtue and try to do justice for the sky, but I am short-witted, so I suffered setbacks and fell to where I am today. However, I Your ambition has never been extinguished, what should I do in your opinion?"

[Original text]

Liang said: "Cao Cao has millions of people today, and he is coercing the emperor to command the princes. This is sincere and cannot compete with him. Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong for three generations. The country is in danger and the people are attached to it. The virtuous can use it. This can be used as a aid. But it is not possible to map. Jingzhou occupies Han and Mian in the north, and benefits the South China Sea. It is connected to Wuhui in the east, and Ba and Shu in the west. , thousands of miles of fertile fields, the land of abundance; Liu Zhang is dark and weak, Zhang Lu is in the north, the people are rich and the country is rich, but they don’t know how to save them, and the wise people think of the emperor. Its rocks are obstructed, if you harmonize Rong and Yue, make friends with Sun Quan, cultivate politics internally, and change externally, then the hegemony can be achieved and the Han Dynasty can prosper." Bei said: "Good!" So the relationship with Liang grew closer.Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were displeased, and prepared to explain it, saying: "There is Kongming in loneliness, just like water in fish. I hope you don't say anything again." Yu and Fei stopped.

Sima Hui is elegant and has a lesson from others.Pang Degong in the same county has the same name, and Brother Hui does it.Every time Zhuge Liang went to Degong's house, he worshiped under the bed alone, but Degong didn't order him to stop.Virtue follows Zitong. When he was young, he was simple and blunt. Those who did not have knowledge, only Virtue and Hui attached importance to it.Degong often called Kongming the Wolong, Shi Yuan the Phoenix Young, and Decao the Water Mirror; therefore Decao and Liu Bei called each other in the same language.

【Translation】

Zhuge Liang said: "Now that Cao Cao has millions of soldiers, he is holding the emperor hostage and commanding the world. It is true that he cannot compete with this man. Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong for three generations. Moreover, the terrain of Jiangdong is steep, the people's hearts are loyal, and talented people are willing to use him. This person can form an alliance with him, but he cannot be counted against. In the Jingzhou area, the Han River and the Mian River serve as natural barriers in the north, and the South Sea leads directly to the South China Sea. This is a great place to use your skills, but Liu Biao, the master, can't hold on to it. I'm afraid this is the capital bestowed on you by heaven. Yizhou is surrounded by steep terrain, with fertile fields in the middle. Faint and cowardly, Zhang Lu is in the north. Although the people are well-off and the country’s financial resources are abundant, they don’t know how to cherish them. People with lofty ideals look forward to having a sage monarch. The general is not only a descendant of the Han Dynasty’s clan, but also famous for his faith. Support Jingzhou and Yizhou, hold on to the dangers, comfort the Rong, Yue and other tribes, and form an alliance with Sun Quan, internally cultivate politics, and externally observe the changes in the current situation, then the hegemony can be established, and the revival of the Han Dynasty royal family will be just around the corner.” Liu Bei Said: "Very good!" Since then, the friendship with Zhuge Liang has become closer.Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were very dissatisfied with this, so Liu Bei explained to them: "I get Mr. Kong Ming, just like a fish gets water. I hope you will stop complaining." Guan Yu and Zhang Fei stopped complaining.

Sima Hui has always been elegant and restrained, especially good at identifying talents.Lord Pang De, who was in the same county as him, had always had a high reputation, so Sima Hui regarded him as his elder brother.Every time Zhuge Liang came to Pang Degong's house, he would worship Pang Degong alone under the bed.Duke Pound didn't stop him at first.Pang De Gong's nephew, Pang Tong, was simple and reticent since he was a child. No one else thought he had any talents, but Pang De Gong and Sima Hui valued him very much.Pang Degong once said that Zhuge Liang is "Crouching Dragon", Pang Tong is "Phoenix Young", and Sima Hui is "Water Mirror"; so later when Sima Hui talked with Liu Bei, he kept praising Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong to Liu Bei.

[Comment and Analysis]

"Three visits frequently trouble the world's schemes, and the two dynasties help the veterans' hearts." Du Fu's poem "Shu Xiang" briefly summarizes Zhuge Liang's life.Zhuge Liang's most famous appearance is probably "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage".After Yuan Shao was defeated by Cao Cao, Liu Bei led Guan Yu and Zhang Fei and fled to the south to join Liu Biao.It was at this time, introduced by Sima Hui, that "Wolong" was Zhuge Liang.Liu Bei also began to visit Zhuge Liang, but he didn't see him twice in a row, and finally did not meet until the third time.Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation in the world to Liu Bei, and pointed out the strategy of "dividing the world into three parts".Liu Bei seemed to see the bright moon through the dark clouds, and finally found his goal and laid the foundation for dominating Xishu.

Battle of Chibi
[Original text]

Emperor Xiaoxian of the Han Dynasty Jian'an 13th Year
Cao Cao went down the river from Jiangling to the east.Zhuge Liang called Liu Bei and said: "The matter is urgent. Please be ordered to seek help from General Sun." Then he and Lu Su both met Sun Quan.Liang saw Quan Yu Chaisang, and said Quan said: "There is a great chaos in the sea. The general raised troops to the east of the Yangtze River. Liu Yuzhou collected the people from the south of Han and fought for the world with Cao Cao. Now Cao Cao is in great trouble with the barbarians, and it has been calmed down. Then he broke Jingzhou and shocked the world." All over the world. Heroes have no place to fight, so Yuzhou fled here. I hope the general will deal with it according to his ability! If you can use Wu and Yue to compete with China, it is better to kill them as soon as possible; No! Today, the general entrusts the name of obedience to the outside, but he is hesitating in his heart. Things are urgent and incessant, and the disaster will never end." Quan said: "As you said, why did Liu Yuzhou fail to do things!" Liang said: "Tian Heng , the ears of the strong men of Qi, they still uphold righteousness and do not disgrace; what's more, Liu Yuzhou's royal family, who is so talented, is admired by all the people, like water returning to the sea! " Quan Boran said: "I can't take the whole land of Wu, and a hundred thousand people are under the control of others. My plan is determined! No one can be Cao Cao except Liu Yuzhou; but after the new defeat of Yuzhou, it will be difficult for An Neng to resist this!" Liang Liang Said: "Although the Yuzhou army was defeated at Changban, the soldiers returned today, including Guan Yu's water army with tens of thousands of elite soldiers, and Liu Qi and Jiangxia's soldiers also have no fewer than ten thousand soldiers. Cao Cao's people are exhausted from afar. They heard that they chased Yuzhou and rode lightly for a day and a night. Traveling for more than three hundred miles, this is the so-called "the end of a strong crossbow can't penetrate Lu's scorpion". Therefore, "The Art of War" avoids it, saying that "the general must be kicked". Moreover, people in the north are not familiar with water warfare; The operator, forcing the troops to gain power, is not convinced. Today, the general can order the fierce generals to command tens of thousands of troops, and work together with Yuzhou to cooperate with the regulations. If Cao's army is defeated, it will return to the north; if this is the case, then Jing and Wu The momentum is strong, and the tripod is formed. The chance of success or failure lies in today!" Quan Dayue, and his group of people plotted against him.

(End of this chapter)