Zi Zhi Tong Jian

Chapter 35 Qi Ji: Establishment of Southern Qi

Chapter 35 Qi Ji: Establishment of Southern Qi (2)
After returning to the palace, he summoned Cheng to see him, and said against him, "Xiang Zhe changed the hexagrams, and now I should discuss it with you. The anger in the Ming hall is afraid that everyone will compete with each other and discourage my plans, so I use my voice and color to frighten my civil and military ears. I think I know what I mean." A native of Yinping called Cheng and said, "Today's action is not easy. But the country prospered from Shuotu and moved to Pingcheng. This is a place where martial arts can be used, and it cannot be governed by literature. Today, we will change customs and customs, and our way is sincere. Difficult, I want to move my house to the Central Plains, why do you think so?" Cheng said: "Your Majesty wants to know the land in the middle of the house so as to explore the world. This is why the Zhou and Han prospered." The emperor said: "Northern people are accustomed to love stories, so they must It will disturb, what can I do?" Cheng said: "It's an extraordinary thing, so it's beyond the reach of people. Your Majesty cut off his sacred heart, what can he do!" The emperor said, "Rencheng, my son's house!"

【Translation】

Emperor Wu of Qi Yongming 11th Year (493 A.D.)
Emperor Wei Xiaowen planned to move the capital to Luoyang because of the cold weather in Pingcheng, and it was still snowing in the summer of June, and there were often strong winds and flying sand all over the sky.But he was also worried that the officials would disagree, so he proposed a large-scale crusade against Nanqi, trying to coerce everyone in this name.After a few days of fasting in the side hall on the east side of the south chamber of the Mingtang, he asked Taichangqing Wang Chen to divination and obtained the "Ge Gua". The hearts of the people.' I am afraid there is no hexagram more auspicious than this." None of the officials dared to say anything.Tuobacheng, Shangshu Rencheng King, said: "Your Majesty inherited the land laid down by several generations of previous emperors and carried it forward, thus possessing the land of the Central Plains, but now he wants to crusade against those who have not surrendered. At this time, he got Shang Tang and Zhou Wu Wang I am afraid that the signs of change are not all auspicious omens." After hearing this, Emperor Xiaowen said sharply: "The Yao Ci said: 'The big man wants to carry out changes like a tiger', why do you say this is unlucky?" Tuoba Cheng Said: "Your Majesty has risen like a flying dragon for a long time, why did you implement a change like a tiger until today?" Emperor Xiaowen immediately changed his face and said: "Jiangshan is my country, does King Rencheng want to stop everyone? ?” Tuoba Cheng said: “The country is certainly owned by His Majesty, but as a minister of the country, how can I know that there is danger and not speak out?” It took a long time for Emperor Xiaowen to relax a little, and said: “Every day Everyone can express their own opinions, so why not?"

After Emperor Xiaowen returned to the imperial court, he immediately summoned Tuoba Cheng to meet him, and immediately said: "I just wanted to discuss with you further my views on the 'Ge Gua'. The reason why I was furious in Mingtang was because I was afraid Everyone is rushing to speak, ruining my big business, so I will be very harsh, just to scare civil and military officials. I know, you will definitely understand my intention." After saying that, he turned back the left and right attendants, and turned to Tuoba Cheng said: "What I want to do today is really not easy. Our country was established in the northern territory, and later moved the capital to Pingcheng. However, Pingcheng is only a place to expand the territory by force, and It's not a place where governance and education can be carried out. Now I want to carry out major changes to change customs, but this road is really too difficult. I just want to take advantage of the momentum of the army's southern expedition and move the capital to the Central Plains. What do you think? Tuobacheng said: "Your Majesty, you plan to move the capital to the Central Plains, so as to expand the territory and rule the world. This idea is actually the reason why the Zhou Dynasty and the Han Dynasty were prosperous in the past." Emperor Xiaowen said: "Northern people I am used to being nostalgic for the old way of life, and then they will definitely panic and commotion, so what should I do?" Tuoba Cheng replied: "Extraordinary things are not something ordinary people can do. Your Majesty, The decision comes from your sage heart, what can they do?" Emperor Xiaowen immediately said happily: "King Rencheng really deserves to be my wife Zhang!"

[Original text]

The chief envoy of Wei, Lu Shangshushi, Wang Yu of Guangling, held the festival to appease the six towns and sent out his Tuqi.Ding Hai, the Lord of Wei resigned from Yonggu Mausoleum; Ji Chou, sent Pingcheng, marched south, and marched more than [-]; made Taiwei Pi and Guangling Wang Yu stay in Pingcheng, and added envoys.Yu said: "The Taiwei should be dedicated, and the minister can be the deputy." Wei Zhu said: "The wisdom of the old, the determination of the young, you have no words."

Wei Zhu sent Pingcheng to Luoyang spontaneously, and the rain continued.Bingzi, order the troops to move forward.Ding Chou, dressed as the emperor, rode out on a horse holding a whip.The officials stood in front of the horse.The emperor said: "The calculation of the temple has been decided, and the army is about to enter. What do you want more?" Shangshu Li Chong and others said: "Today's action is something that the world does not want, but your majesty wants it; I don't know if your majesty is going alone. That's right! The ministers have their own intentions but have no words, dare to die!" The emperor said angrily: "Our side manages the world and expects to be mixed, but Qing and other Confucian scholars have repeatedly doubted the big plan; axes and axes are permanent, so don't you Resume!" The horse was about to go out, so An Ding Wang Xiu waited and wept admonishingly.The emperor told his ministers: "The prosperity is not small today, but there is no success in the movement. How can I show it to the future! I live in Youshuo for a long time, and I want to move to the middle land in the south. If I don't attack the south, I should move the capital here. Why do you think so?" Those who want to move left, those who don't want to move to the right." Anding Wang Xiu and other ministers are on the right.Wang Zhenjin of Nan'an said: "'The one who makes great achievements does not seek the public.' Now your majesty has given up the plan of the Southern Expedition and moved the capital to Luoyi. The wish of this minister is the luck of the common people." All the ministers shouted long live.Although the old people did not want to move inland, they were afraid of the Southern Expedition, and no one dared to speak up, so they decided to move the capital.

【Translation】

Emperor Xiaowen sent Lu Shangshu Shi Guangling Wang Tuoba Yu to the six towns with the emperor's talisman to appease him, and recruited the assault cavalry of the six towns by the way.On the ninth day of the lunar new year, Emperor Xiaowen bid farewell to Yonggu Mausoleum.On September 30, Emperor Xiaowen personally led more than [-] infantry and cavalry from Pingcheng to start a large-scale southern expedition.At the same time, Taiwei Tuoba Pi and Guangling King Tuoba Yu were ordered to stay in Pingcheng, and they were named envoys.Tuoba Yu said: "The Taiwei should be fully responsible for the management, and it is just right for me to be his deputy." Emperor Xiaowen said: "Old people have experience and can foresight when encountering problems; young people have courage and can make decisive decisions when encountering problems. So, don't give up."

After Emperor Xiaowen set off from Pingcheng, it rained non-stop until he arrived in Luoyang.On September 28, Emperor Xiaowen issued an edict ordering all armies to continue marching south.On September 29th, Emperor Xiaowen was dressed in military uniform, waving his whip and riding a war horse, ready to continue to set off.Seeing this, all the civil and military officials quickly took the reins of the horse and kowtowed continuously.Emperor Xiaowen said: "The battle plan has been decided, and the armies from all walks of life will continue to advance. What do you want to say?" Shangshu Li Chong and others said: "Our current actions are not the wishes of the world. I want to realize it. I don’t know where His Majesty is going to walk alone. We have a wish to serve the motherland, but we don’t get a chance to express it, so we have to risk our lives to ask His Majesty.” Emperor Xiaowen immediately became furious. : "Now I am planning to conquer foreign countries, rule the world, and govern the country. However, weak scholars like you have repeatedly doubted this important decision. The axes used for killing people naturally have their uses, please stop talking about it! "After that, he rode his horse to leave again. At this time, Tuobaxiu, king of Anding, and others came to persuade him with good words, and wept to stop him.Emperor Xiaowen had no choice but to explain to everyone again: "Now we have dispatched a large-scale army, but we have achieved nothing by dispatching it. What will we show future generations? I have lived in Youshuo for generations, and I have always wanted to move south. Go to the Central Plains. If we don’t continue to conquer the south, then we should move the capital here. What do you think about this? Those who agree to move the capital should stand on the left, and those who disagree should stand on the right.” So, Anding Wang Tuobaxiu and other generals stood on the right. Nan'an Wang Tuobazhen approached Emperor Xiaowen and said: "'Those who achieve great things do not need to consult everyone's opinions.' Now, if your majesty gives up the plan to conquer the south and It is our wish to move the capital to Luoyi, and it is also a great blessing for the common people." The civil and military officials immediately shouted long live.At that time, although the Xianbei people were unwilling to migrate to the south, they were afraid of continuing to march south, so they didn't dare to say anything.The plan of moving the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty was determined in this way.

[Original text]

Li Chong said at the top: "Your Majesty will set the Dingding Luoyi, the ancestral temple palace, and wait for it immediately. I hope that your Majesty will temporarily return the capital, and after the ministers have completed their business operations, they will prepare cultural relics, Ming and Luan and come there." Emperor Said: "I will patrol the provinces and counties, stop at Ye, and return at the beginning of spring, and it is not appropriate to return to the north." He sent Cheng, the king of Rencheng, to return to Pingcheng, and ordered all the officials to move the capital, saying: "Today is true. The so-called leather. Wang Qimianzhi!"

Winter, October, Wuyinshuo, the Lord of Wei, such as Jinyong City, conquered Mu Liang, and the envoy and the Shangshu Li Chong, and the master craftsman Dong Er managed Luodu.Jimao is like Henan City; Yiyou is like Yuzhou; Guisi is like Shiji.Yiwei, Wei Xieyan, set up an altar in the east of Huatai City, and told Xingmiao to move the capital.amnesty.From the Skate Palace.When Wang Cheng of Rencheng came to Pingcheng, everyone was shocked when they heard that the capital had been moved.Cheng quoted ancient and modern times, Xu Yi understood it, and everyone was in awe.Cheng also reported it to the sliding platform, and Wei Zhu said happily: "If it's not Rencheng, I can't do anything."

【Translation】

Li Chong said to Emperor Xiaowen: "Your Majesty wants to move the capital to Luoyi, so the royal ancestral temple, the palace, and the mansion must be rebuilt. These can't be built with the effort of riding a horse, so I hope that your majesty can return to Luoyi temporarily. Daidu, after the ministers have done everything well, Your Majesty, you will prepare the guard of honor and arrive at the new capital amidst the peaceful and peaceful ringing of Luan bells." Emperor Xiaowen said: "I am planning to go to various states and counties for inspection. I just took this opportunity to stay in Yecheng for a while, and return when the spring of next year begins, instead of going back to the north first.” After that, he sent Rencheng King Tuobacheng back to Pingcheng to announce the move of the capital to the officials who stayed there .Before Ren Chengwang left, Emperor Xiaowen said to him: "Now is the real 'revolution' on the 'revolution hexagram', I hope you can handle things well."

On the first day of October, Emperor Xiaowen went to Jinyong City, recruited Mu Liang, and ordered him to be responsible for the construction of the new capital Luoyang together with Shangshu Li Chong and General Master Dong Er.On the second day of October, go to Henan City; on the eighth day, go to Yuzhou; on October [-], stay in Shiji; The tablet truthfully reported the idea of ​​moving the capital.Order amnesty for the world.Build a slide palace.Rencheng King Tuobacheng arrived in Pingcheng, and everyone was shocked when they heard the news of moving the capital.Therefore, Tuoba Cheng quoted the scriptures, explained the benefits of doing so with reason and emotion.In the end, everyone was relieved.Tuoba Cheng then returned to the sliding platform to report the situation to Emperor Xiaowen, Emperor Xiaowen was very happy and said: "If there is no King Rencheng, my affairs cannot be successful."

[Comment and Analysis]

The move of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty to Luoyang can be regarded as a major event, because the ancient monarchs generally would not move the capital casually unless they encountered major events such as mutiny.At that time, the Northern Wei Dynasty was a country established by the Xianbei people, and many bad habits of the Xianbei people still remained in the country.Emperor Xiaowen, Tuoba Hong, was knowledgeable and talented, with lofty political ambitions, and wanted to unify the whole country.The Xianbei people have a small territory, a backward culture, and no economic strength. If they want to realize their wishes and make the Xianbei people rich and strong, there is only one way out, and that is to accept the civilization of the Han people.In order to move the capital smoothly, Tuoba Hong resorted to a strategy of making a big splash, claiming that the Southern Expedition brought most of the people to Luoyang. On the clothes of the Han people.These measures changed the customs of the Xianbei people, allowing the Xianbei people and other ethnic minorities to live in harmony with the Han people, and brought a new look to the situation in the north.

(End of this chapter)

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