The wisdom of I Ching

Chapter 8 The Fourth Hexagram
enlightenment, education

wisdom
up and down
Meng, Heng.Bandit I beg Tongmeng, Tongmeng begs me.The first report will be repeated, and the blasphemy will not be reported.Li Zhen.

"Xu Gua Zhuan" said: "When things are born, they must be ignorant, so they receive ignorance; the ignorant is also ignorant, and things are immature."

"Meng" means ignorance and childishness; it also has the meaning of enlightenment and education.After the creation of all things, the period of infancy and ignorance follows, and education becomes the most urgent task.

The hexagram shape of the Tun hexagram is reversed to become the Mongolian hexagram.This kind of mutually symmetrical hexagram shapes is called "Xiangzong", "Zong Gua", "Fuxiang" or "Fan Gua".

In this hexagram, the lower hexagram "Kan" symbolizes water and danger; the upper hexagram "Gen" is the image of a mountain and has the function of stopping.Therefore, the hexagram shape of the Meng hexagram is a dangerous and dim place under the mountain.Also, the lower hexagram is danger, and the upper hexagram is stop, which means inner fear, external resistance, and symbolizes naivety and ignorance, so it is named "Mongolia".

In this hexagram, the "nine two" of the following hexagram is the main body.This line has just hit the mark.It also corresponds to the Yin cricket of the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" and has the power of enlightenment; therefore, "Heng" can travel unimpeded.

"Bandits" are the same, "I" refers to "[-]", and "Tong Meng" refers to naive and ignorant people, and refers to "[-]".The following is divination, but it can also be regarded as the principle of education.

It is not I who go to ignorant children, but ignorant children who come to me for instruction. "Book of Rites" "Qu Li" also said: "Li, learn from hearing, and teach without asking." It's like asking divination.You should ask for advice sincerely.Tell him the first time, if you come to trouble for the second or third time, it will become "blasphemy", that is, offend; if you offend, don't tell him again.

Enlightenment work, in principle, must have pure motives and persist to the end; so "chaste" is beneficial.

"Xiang" said: Meng, there is danger at the foot of the mountain, stop at the danger, Meng.Mengheng, Yihengxing, time is also.Bandits begged Tongmeng, Tongmeng begged me, Zhiying also.At the beginning of the divination, it is just right.Repeated blasphemy, blasphemy will not be reported, blasphemy is also.Encouraging righteousness is holy merit.

"Xiang Zhuan" said: The image of the Mongolian hexagram is that there is danger at the bottom of the mountain. Because of the danger, it stops moving forward, so it is ignorant.

The reason why Meng Gua says prosperity is because the action fits the timing and grasps the principle of the mean without extremes; therefore, it can move forward without hindrance.

It is not that I go to ask the ignorant children, but the ignorant children come to me for advice; it is because of like-mindedness and mutual induction.It was the first time I came to ask for advice, and I told him that it was because he had fortitude in his heart, which was in line with the principle of the mean.If you come here again and again, you will be offended, and if you are offended, you will not tell him again, because he is ignorant, and it also offends his original intention of asking for advice.Enlightenment is to cultivate the right path, which is a sacred and inviolable cause.In addition, in "Book of Rites" and "The Doctrine of the Mean", there is also a saying that "a gentleman is the mean, and a gentleman is moderate in time".

"Xiang" says: Springs come out of the mountains, Mongolia; a gentleman cultivates virtue with fruits.The upper hexagram "Gen" of the Mongolian hexagram symbolizes mountains; the lower hexagram "Kan" symbolizes water.Therefore, "Xiang Zhuan" uses spring water flowing out of the mountain.Explain the image of the Mongolian hexagram.The spring water flowing out from the foot of the mountain is like a young child being enlightened. At first, it was a trickle, and finally it became a torrential river, breeding all things.Therefore, a gentleman should imitate the spirit of this hexagram and cultivate moral character with courageous actions.

Sixth day: Enlightenment, using criminals, saying shackles, used to be stingy.

"Xiang" said: "Using criminals" is also to rectify the law. "Punishment" means punishment and has the meaning of correction. "Shackle" is the instrument of torture, and it is also used as a restraint solution. "Say" is the same as detachment. "The sixth day" is the Yin line, and it is at the bottom of the beginning, and it is the most childish and ignorant period.Therefore, it is necessary to "enlighten the enlightenment" and enlighten the ignorant.Enlightenment, it is beneficial to use punishment to correct sin at first.

However, the role of punishment is only to use torture tools to warn, expecting no punishment for the sentence, and taking off the torture tools.If we blindly impose heavy punishments and exceed the limit, it will cause resistance and humiliation.

"Xiang Zhuan" said: It is beneficial to use punishment to correct mistakes; but this refers to the initial stage of enlightenment, and the law must be corrected first, and the law is more important than punishment.

This line shows that education should be strict at the beginning, but not excessive, and norms should be established first.

Ninety-two: Bao Mengji.Navji.Zike's family.

"Xiang" said: "Zi Ke family", rigid and flexible. "Bao" means inclusive. "Jiu Er" is the only yang line of the lower hexagram, that is, the only vigorous force, and is the main body of the lower hexagram, with the mission of commanding the other yin lines and the responsibility of enlightenment.However, due to the large number of teaching objects and different qualifications, we cannot insist on consistency and should be tolerant. Although "Jiu Er" is vigorous, but in the "middle" position of the lower hexagram, it has a moderate personality and can tolerate, so it is auspicious.

From another point of view, "September [-]" corresponds to the Yin and Yang of "Sixth Five-Year Plan". "Two" is yang, which is equivalent to a husband; "five" is yin, which is equivalent to a wife; the husband can tolerate, so marrying a wife is auspicious.

As far as the family is concerned, the "sixth five" is equivalent to the father, and the "ninth two" is equivalent to the son.But the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" was weak and unable to take on the responsibility of a family, while the "Ninety-Two Plan" was strong and tolerant, so that the family could prosper.

"Xiang Zhuan" said: The reason why the son can take on the responsibility of the family is that "Nine Two" can be close to and tolerant of the Yin lines of "Three", "Four" and "Five".

This line shows that education should be inclusive, and there is no distinction between teaching and learning.

Six three: Don't use to take a daughter; see a gold husband, there is no bow, no profit.

"Xiang" said: "Don't use women to take women", it's not going well. "Six Three", the yin and yang positions are not correct, and the position of "two" is not correct. Although it corresponds to the yang line of "Shang Nine", it is immediately above "Nine Two".Both longing for "Shangjiu", but also reluctant to "Ninety-two", so they lost their claim.

Compared with a woman, when she sees a healthy and wealthy "golden husband", she forgets herself and loses her mind. Marrying such a wife will certainly not have good results.

"Xiang Zhuan" said: You can't marry such a wife, because it will not be smooth in the future.

"Shun" also translates as Shen.Shun and Shen were commonly used in ancient times. For example, in "Xunzi Cultivation of the Body", "Shen Mo" was written as "Shun Mo".Therefore, "doing not going well" can also be interpreted as not being able to behave properly.This line emphasizes that education should be firm in belief, and it is impossible to change one's mind.

June [-]: sleepy.stingy.

"Xiang" said: "The miserliness of being trapped" is far away from reality. "June [-]th" is a negative line, and the "Sixth Day" that can complement each other. "Ninety-two" is far away and cannot receive assistance.

The "real" in "Xiang Zhuan" refers to "nine two".The nature of Yang Yao is active and fulfilling; the nature of Yin Yao is negative and tolerant, so Yang is full of Yin and Yin is empty. The reason why "June [-]th" became ignorant and troubled was because it was divorced from reality, so that it was isolated and helpless.

This line emphasizes that education should not be divorced from reality, and it is too ambitious.Sixth five: Tong Meng.lucky.

"Xiang" said: "Auspiciousness" in "Tongmeng" is also Shunyi. Although the "Sixth Five-Year" is also a yin line, it is in the middle and ranks higher than the "Five". Compared with the masculine "Shang Nine" on the top, and the masculine "Nine Two" below, it is an image of support from the top and bottom. .Therefore, it is in the stage of waiting for change, about to change, and adapting to change. Once it becomes Yang Yao, the upper hexagram becomes Sunda, which symbolizes wind, and the whole hexagram becomes Feng Shui.

Therefore, it is said that although the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" is naive and ignorant, it is auspicious because it is open-minded and able to accept teachings.

"Xiang Zhuan" said: Tongmeng is auspicious because he obeys "Xun". "Zhuan" means modesty, and it also means that the upper hexagram may become the Xun hexagram.

This line emphasizes that teaching should be humble.Upper Nine: Hit Meng.If you are unfavorable, you will be a bandit, and if you are beneficial, you will be a bandit.

"Xiang" says: "Lee" uses "royal bandit", and it goes up and down. "Shangjiu" is masculine, and it is in the highest position. From the perspective of enlightenment, it is too strong; therefore, "strike Meng" means to attack ignorance.However, although the attack is too much for enlightenment, it is beneficial to prevent the temptation of external evil.

"Xiang Zhuan" said: With a strong attitude, preventing external evils is beneficial to both those who teach and those who are taught.It is also clarified by the hexagrams, the top layer has a strong "Shangjiu" to the outside, and the inside is reinforced with a strong "Ninety-two", and the upper and lower levels support each other, so it is said "shun".

This line shows that the effect of masculinity is only suitable for external use, not internal.The hexagram of Mongolia explains that in the initial stage of creation, the order has not yet been established, and it is in a state of chaos and ignorance. There are dangers everywhere, which makes people fear and resist psychology, so that they value self-interest over public welfare, tend to be conservative, and lack aggressiveness.Therefore, enlightening the wisdom of the people is the most important task of governing the country and the world.The principle of education is first of all natural induction, subtle influence, gradual and orderly progress, and cannot be forced.Education is a century-old project, and the principle of the mean should be grasped.Education is a sacred and inviolable work, the motive must be pure, and persist to the end.

Education should be strict, but it should also be moderate. If it is too strict, it will resist.It should be tolerant and teach without discrimination.We should be firm in our beliefs, stick to it, and never change our minds.

It has to be realistic and not too ambitious.Regardless of teaching and learning, we should be humble, learn from each other, learn from each other, and benefit from each other.Moreover, the inside should be soft and the outside strong, and the inside should be inclusive, and the evil from the outside should be categorically rejected.

Comprehensive overview of Mongolian hexagrams

[Meaning] Undeveloped state - accept education.

[Hexagram meaning] ignorance, childishness, enlightenment, education.

【Introduction】Meng is a kind of vine, which covers the tree when it is flourishing, and makes it dark under it, which means "darkness" and "covering".This hexagram is born after "Tun" (previous item), expressing the state of ignorant children, and describing how to inspire their intelligence, that is, the way of "enlightenment".Therefore, it means that those who engage in intellectual work will have a bright future.Gen in the upper hexagram is the mountain, and Kan in the lower hexagram means water, that is, the state of spring water gushing from the foot of the mountain.When the spring water flows out, it is thin but not strong, but it may become a big river soon, but I want to make this possibility possible.To realize it fully, one must follow the instructions of the Guider.

[Heave meaning] The upper hexagram is Gen, which symbolizes mountains, and the lower hexagram is Kan, which symbolizes water.The spring water flowing out of the mountain is like rain and dew nourishing the child's heart and enlightening the young children, and it is like a mountain spring moistening the land and breeding all things.People should imitate this spirit and carry out enlightenment education earnestly, patiently, virtuously and modestly.

【Structural model】Soft on the inside and strong on the outside, modest in teaching, practical, firm in faith, tolerant and auspicious, strict and appropriate, enlightenment (enlightenment education) [yin and yang] two yang and four yin, less yang and more yin.

[Position] The second line of the lower hexagram is the main body, and the first line is in the middle, corresponding to the sixth and fifth yin and yang.Can be unblocked.

[Status] Childish and ignorant, enlightenment education.

[Hexagram Image] Upper Gua Gen Mountain, lower Gua Kan Water, there is water at the foot of the mountain, and the water turns into steam for preparation, and the spring water flows out from the mountain and floats up into mist, which moistens the earth and breeds all things. Mountains and water form a misty image.

[Thinking mode] The thinking mode of enlightenment education transformation: people are in the ignorant stage, to rationalize enlightenment education, there must be strict measures, but also to be kind to others, follow good guidance, and educate transformation.Emphasis on natural induction, subtle.

[Philosophical Enlightenment] Expounds the importance of inspiring people's wisdom in the early stages of business creation or when people are in ignorance.This shows that everything has a confused stage, the key is to be good at guiding.

[Decision-making thinking] The flowers and plants in the garden need to be planted, cut, and pruned.Bonsai need trimming.The process of people's growth also needs the guidance, education, and training of elder mentors. Only when people are constantly "recharged", can their careers be continuously enriched and successful.

(End of this chapter)