Wentang

Chapter 357 Municipal Management System
How much power does the magistrate have?To put it another way that everyone can understand better, how much power does the county magistrate (typo?) have?

A resigned secretary Chen Xingjia said in an interview: Someone told him in a joking tone that the dream he had last night felt like there was a way to make it come true in the morning.

This is still the situation after various supervisions and various decentralizations in the 21st century. In the ancient centralized government period, county magistrates had greater powers.

Within a county, they are the sky, their words are the iron law, and they decide all matters in the county with one word.

Absolute power brings absolute corruption, so I won’t talk about it, but entrusting the affairs of a county to one person is too inefficient.

No matter how small a county is, it has a population of tens of thousands, and the things that happen to the east and the west can bother him to death.If you want to improve efficiency, the best way is to assign specialized tasks to specialized people to do them, and set jobs and jobs.

Before the Yuan Dynasty, all affairs in the county were managed by the county magistrate. During the Yuan Dynasty, the codes and history were set up to divide the criminal proceedings to specific officials, which not only divided the power of the county magistrate, but also improved the efficiency of handling affairs.

The Ming Dynasty modeled on the six departments to set up six rooms, namely:

Appointment and dismissal, performance appraisal, promotion, etc. of officials in charge of officials;

Households are in charge of land, household registration, taxation, finance, etc.;

Ceremony in the ceremonies, imperial examinations, schools, etc.;

The barracks is in charge of military affairs;
The criminal chamber is in charge of criminal law, prison litigation, etc.;

The workshop is in charge of engineering, construction, farming, water conservancy, etc.

In addition to Liufang, there are three classes of government servants, the soap class is in charge of internal affairs, the strong class and the fast class are jointly responsible for arrests and security.

The two are collectively referred to as the three classes and six rooms, and during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the three classes and six rooms were often used to refer to the yamen.

Although in the new century we cast aside the three classes and six houses as a symbol of feudal autocracy, this system is definitely the most advanced and perfect municipal management organization in the same period.

When the People's Republic of China was first established, we invited experts from abroad to give us lectures on municipal management.Foreign experts also wondered when they heard it. The municipal management systems all over the world were established by imitating your Chinese system. Why do you now come to us to learn?
It sounds ridiculous, but we have to admit that during the century of humiliation, we lost too much wealth left by our ancestors, and then had to go abroad to learn what originally belonged to us.

There is another term in political science called central-local conflict, which simply means how to deal with the relationship between the central and local governments.Countries with a slightly larger land area all over the world are facing this problem, and China is the one that handles this problem best.

why?
Because we have been dealing with this issue since the time of Qin Shihuang. Over 2000 years of history, our ancestors have already summed up a set of solutions that are closest to perfection.

We just need to copy and improve according to the times.

However, it was still the Tang Dynasty at this time, and the municipal management system was still relatively rough. What Yueshan had to do was to carry over the more successful experience summed up by his ancestors in later generations.

In addition to mentioning the criminal officer, the third class and six rooms were also brought over, but the functions are different from those in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

For example, the punishment room is under the jurisdiction of the criminal officer instead of the county magistrate; the ceremony room is similar to the propaganda outlet and the cultural and sports bureau of later generations;

Bad people are an organization similar to Six Doors, but their functions and organizational structure are not as clear and perfect as Six Doors. Yue Shan plans to transform bad people into the national security system of later generations.

In general, except for the punishment room, the five rooms in the six rooms are under the jurisdiction of the county magistrate, which not only reduces the workload of the county magistrate, but also increases the power in his hands.

It can be regarded as a stick to give a red date.

For this innovation, before leaving the capital, Yueshan and Li Shimin talked for several nights at Bingzhu night. His voice became hoarse and he drank dozens of pots of tea before finally convincing him to agree to carry out innovation experiments in Dizhou.

Yue Shan had had this idea before, but at that time Li Shimin had just become emperor and his prestige was not high, so reforming was courting death.

Even if this reform does not touch the actual interests of the majority of people, some people will use this as an excuse to make trouble or even rebel.Part of politics is right or wrong, it just depends on what you want to do.

Now that he has won the Turkic Li Shimin, his prestige has skyrocketed, and he has the ability to control the situation and suppress dissatisfaction, so he can carry out small-scale innovations.That's why Yue Shan moved out of the yamen reform to test the reaction of the officialdom.

Under normal circumstances, the reduction of posts will cause opposition. For example, the redundancy of officials in the Song Dynasty has not been resolved.Cutting any one of them would provoke a backlash from the entire bureaucracy, but if the emperor said to add a new office, the world would sing praises.

Although this innovation is big, its main purpose is to create new jobs rather than cut jobs. It is unlikely to cause a backlash, and on the contrary, it will win the support of the majority of people.

Take the criminal judge as an example. If each county adds a criminal judge, there will be more than 1000 more counties in the country, and more than 1000 people can become court officials.

Those who are queuing up to be officials are afraid that their teeth will fall out of laughter, and they will object?
Although the staff of Liufang are only officials without rank, they are all officials with real power.Moreover, the status of officials in this era is not much different from that of officials. Being an official first and then changing from official to official is the main way for most people to become officials.

Take Liu Rengui as an example. At the beginning, this guy went to flatter others, and went to other people's houses to seek relatives with the cheek, isn't it just to become a scribe.

This wave of innovation in Yueshan has added at least a dozen more important positions in each county, and there are more unimportant positions. Counting across the country, there are tens of thousands of official positions.

Who would object?Who dares to object?
And through this innovation, it can also improve Yueshan's own prestige and lay the foundation for more reforms in the future.

Of course, everything is difficult at the beginning, the bureaucratic system is the most conservative, and they are the ones who are conservative.Although this reform is generally a good thing for the bureaucracy, there will still be many people who oppose it.

That's why a test field is needed, and the actual effect of the innovation can be seen from top to bottom. Dizhou is the most suitable place.

Firstly, the place is remote and poor, so if something happens, it won't have much impact.Second, the people who came here were all afraid of being killed by Yue Shan, no one dared to object, not even dare to obey the law.

In fact, as Yue Shan said, except that the county magistrates were a little uncomfortable when they first mentioned the addition of criminal judges, when it came to the addition of three shifts and six houses later, these people were as excited as being a bridegroom officer.

Anyone who can reduce their workload and increase their power will be happy.

So the matter of adding a new organization was so happy to reach an agreement.

Immediately afterwards, Yue Shan announced another matter. Before he left Beijing, the emperor had appointed a criminal officer, and this time he also came with him.

The soap class and the strong class in the third class are recruited and appointed by the county magistrate, and the fast class is recruited and appointed by the bad handsome.The director of Liufang, named Dianshi, was recruited by the Cishifu's unified examination, and the ordinary clerks of Liufang were recruited and appointed by the county magistrate.

This trick is called mixing sand.

In the original history, all the scribes of the Six Houses were recruited and appointed by the county magistrate from the local area, and they were generally appointed by the children of the local gentry families.

This resulted in a serious consequence. The powerful clans entrenched in the local area had mastered the real power through the three shifts and six houses, and even the county magistrate could be emptied.

When they meet a capable county magistrate, they will be honest, and when they meet a nerd, they can even use their hands to send the county magistrate to prison.

As a later person, Yueshan knew this situation, so he naturally found a way to avoid it.Splitting up the three squads, and handing over the first squad to the control of bad commanders, eliminated the possibility of the government servants being controlled by the local rich.

It is a relatively good practice for the appointment right of Liufang Dianshi to be transferred to the higher-level yamen's unified examination for merit-based admission.Although it is impossible to fundamentally prevent the landlord and gentry class from taking power, it is better than doing nothing.

After the meeting, everyone left one after another, and Yue Shan called Gan Yuanfeng over and said, "I heard that there are many people who want to buy salt from us? Give me the statistics of these people, and it's time to solve the problem of salt sales. "

　work hard for full attendance
　　
　
(End of this chapter)