warring states careerist

Chapter 110 The Manmin Covenant is in a Rage (Part [-])

Appropriate questions were passed on with the help of paper rolls and inkmen who conveyed the message, which attracted a long silence.

Silence means thinking, or being shocked.

Why should there be states, kings, and laws?
This was originally a question that didn't need to be considered. Few people thought about why. They just thought it was like eating shit. It seemed that whoever asked such a question had a problem with his head.

But when someone starts to think, it means that the world will be in chaos at this time.

Those Mohists who spread the word already knew the answer to the appropriate question, and what they wanted was to let the more than ten thousand people present know the answer by taking advantage of this opportunity of the sacrificial gathering.

This is not an appropriate three views.

But it is the only choice for him to integrate with Mo Zhe.

According to the appropriate idea, this is the standard historical idealism: the existence of the state is determined by human spirit, self-interest and the maintenance of natural rights; the state under this concept is not another definition he believes in.

But the times are like this, and Mohists are like this, and the idea that he can accept Mohism and seamlessly integrate with Mohism is the only choice.

Because the Mohist’s morality is closest to the natural right of man, and the basis of the latter is the former.

The social contract is a fiction, a fiction constructed in view of historical idealism.But this kind of fiction is the best medicine for disintegrating aristocratic society.

According to the theory of natural law, there are roughly three characteristics.

The law of nature is eternal and absolute. For example, God has endowed man with the right to life and property.

Human rationality can recognize and discover natural law, rationally recognize everything in the world, and make judgments that are in line with the rights and interests of natural human beings, and formulate guidelines.

Natural law is superior to customary law, aristocratic secret law, etc., which should be subordinated to the former.Habits are not necessarily right.

And Mohist's theories such as the will of heaven and the rules can be seamlessly corresponded to these three.

Tianzhi is eternal and absolute.For example, everyone is a minister of heaven, everyone is equal, and mutual benefits are the basis for everyone.

Tianzhi can be recognized, discovered, summarized and defined.For example, I understand that Tianzhi has rules like a craftsman.

The rules of Tianzhi should surpass some unreasonable habits and systems of today.For example, Shangxian, this is higher than blood.

From this, concepts such as "common agreement between monarch and ministers", "human beings are equal regardless of high or low, are all ministers of heaven", and "synonymousness makes the world stable" are as simple as pushing a boat along the way.

It's just that there are some things that I don't agree with, but since he has mixed with Mo Zhe and wants to use the power of Mo Zhe, he has to agree.

He brought up the theory of the Ninefold Paradise, and wanted to talk about the origin of "family, private ownership, and country", but here he had to change it to "the country is the best choice made by the natural state of the world who seeks advantages, avoids disadvantages, and avoids chaos." .

Just because the latter can be closely connected with the ideas of the Mohists, there is no need to make too many changes, and it is easy to make the Mohists who "unify righteousness and benefit" agree with it, and solve the legality of the Mohist ideas from the root .

The people here are individual people who are closed to themselves, private interests, and personal willfulness, and at the same time divorced from the society as a whole, and based on this, the social contract system is deduced.

This is a choice in line with the times. The Mohist and Yang Zhu have already walked fast enough. If the pace is longer, it is easy to become a lunatic, and it is easy to die faster.

It is not without reason that Yang Zhu’s theory that the right to life cannot be violated at will died so quickly and was deleted without a trace; "It is not without reason that the original meaning is confused with highly toxic pages.

Although it is right, it is not at the right time.

Therefore, I feel that it is better to go slowly and finish this step first.

Those Mohist who delivered the news have accepted this modified concept similar to the Mohist morality they have always accepted during the study and debate for more than a month. thinking.

The people present trusted Mohists for various reasons, and they began to think about this issue. Under the guidance of those Mohist who sent messages to remind them, a lawless and chaotic world slowly took shape in their minds.

They imagined it this way:

According to the situation Mo Ji said, there are no states, no laws, no commanders, but everyone is selfish and seeks self-interest, so wars are always happening.

The strong can plunder everything from the weak, because plundering is not wrong and no one cares about it.

People are like wolves, fighting each other, without any restraint, the world is bound to be in chaos.

Nowadays, it is wrong to kill people and rob other people's money and food, and sometimes princes and nobles will take care of such things.But what if there are no states and no laws?

After a long period of silence, many people began to speak out, discussions among the village communities began, and the ink practitioners beside him were also emphatically guiding them.

From silence to chaos, and gradually from chaos to silence, the Mohist who delivered the news passed the general ideas of each village to Shina.

Shi Shi on the stage explained the world with a static and one-sided attitude, as if the social relations and social production in the original natural state were the same as they are now.

Human beings are inherently strong and weak, wise and stupid, after all, they are no different than atomic civilization and two-way foil. In such a dark forest with little difference in strength, a stable system will surely emerge to maintain the stability of the system.

After another silence in the audience, he said, "What you think is the same as what we think. Under the chaotic nature, people need to protect some things, and for these things, they formed villages, towns, and countries." .”

"Protect what?"

"We are human beings, and because we are human beings, human beings must live, have their own private property, and be able to reproduce their own blood."

"It's like cattle eating grass and wolves eating meat. There is no reason. This is our nature and our right given by nature."

"If this is not the case, why does God allow people in this world? Since there are, then all these things that people should have are reasonable, and they are also what the emperor of heaven and ghosts and gods are happy to see, and they are what we should pursue. should be protected."

"If the emperor of heaven and the ghosts and gods are not happy to see people benefit, then why are people in the world willing to benefit? Or why do the emperor of heaven and the ghosts and gods make people in the world like this? So private property, life, and children are all It is the right given to the people of the world by the emperor of heaven."

"In order to protect our rights, we have chosen the most in line with the will of heaven, forming a country, enacting laws, agreeing on right and wrong, and defining good and evil. The ultimate goal is to benefit everyone. "

"It seems that we have lost something, but in fact we have gained a lot."

"Zi Mozi once said: In the body, the importance of power is called power. Quan means not doing what is right, not doing what is wrong, and right is also doing what is right. Cut off fingers to save the wrist, take the most from the benefits, and harm Take the small out of the middle. Take the small out of the harm, not take the harm, but take the benefit."

"Taking the least from the harm is not to take the harm, but to take the profit."

"Everyone in the world has given up some freedom and some rights. It seems that this is a loss of benefits. But because everyone has given up a part, laws and laws have emerged, which actually protect everyone. This is the harm. To take the small from the middle, not to take the harm, but to take the profit.”

"The murderer dies, and the person who was cut off by the traitor will definitely think, I kill people by my own ability, why should I die? What qualifications do I have to sentence me to death?"

"This question that seems to need no answer has actually been answered at the moment when the state was established: at the moment when the state was established, everyone gave part of the right to life to the law and the state, such as My own life after killing, so this is the qualification and this is the reason."

"You give up this part of the benefit, and what you get is the benefit that you are not easy to be killed. So isn't this taking the least out of the harm?"

"It's like a businessman's bamboo deed, but the bamboo deed is not written, so that everyone thinks it should be so."

"The Mohist is doing justice in Peidi, which is very good. But if there is no law, no right or wrong, the Mohist does not do justice, but plunders your money and food. Can you fight against it? Who can fight against you?" Luo Xiaoli on the stage just now?"

"If this is the case, one day you will think that you are going to die anyway, so it is better to gather together and kill Luo Xiaoli. But if you kill him, what should you do if there are such strong people behind?"

"So you will get together, agree on right and wrong, punishment, laws and regulations, and sell a part of your own interests, thinking that for the long-term interests in the future, finally the state, the king, and the laws and regulations will gradually come into being in this way, and the formation of obedience to the king's obedience is formed. Habits of laws and regulations, you may not know why your ancestors condensed the country, but the habit of obeying has been preserved. Isn't it like this?"

He stated loudly, trying to use simple and easy-to-understand words, as much as possible mixed with the truth of the ink, and as much as possible secretly mixed with a big trap: obeying the monarch is just a habit, if the monarch cannot fulfill the original purpose of forming a country , what should I do?

It doesn't sound like anything outrageous, but Keshi has virtually disintegrated the sanctity and naturalness of the monarch's power, and is paving the way to lure everyone to think and strive for their own selfish interests.

When Mohist talks about love, the starting point is profit; when Mohist talks about righteousness, the starting point is profit.

Apocalypse's Tianzhi ghosts and gods hope for love and righteousness, which are only auxiliary; worldly universal love is to get more love, non-aggression is to get more benefits is the foundation.

Mohists are very utilitarian, and they love to pay for profit, value righteousness and benefit, and the unity of righteousness and profit is the Mohist concept of righteousness and profit.

After all, the Mohists deduced universal love and non-aggression from Yili, so saying this is very smooth among Mohist.

Contrary to what I believe in the origin of private ownership and the state, private ownership is regarded as an unalterable "right granted by the Emperor of Heaven" which leads people to define and think about the state. rights".

The law is a tool of class rule, but it has been tampered with here to become a universally applicable "public will" that obliterates the class nature, which is also in line with the era when private ownership, small farmers, and private small producers appear on a large scale. "Needs to be reflected.

The basis of this kind of public will is benefit, more benefit, the choice of seeking benefits and avoiding disadvantages, and giving up small benefits to obtain big benefits.

Just as the Mozhe first talked about the "right of balance" defined by the Mozhe with the handicraftsmen in Peiyi market, and it was easily accepted by those handicraftsmen.

The first people who accepted this appropriate statement were the handicraftsmen of Peiyi gathered here, and the villagers of Shangqiu village who had been indoctrinated that the private land system was a happy land at this time.

The truth is not difficult to understand, enough to shake the foundation of the world, but it doesn't look that scary.

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PS:

I am an electromechanical dog, I don’t want to and I am not good at writing these things, and I know that this stuff is boring.But the Mohist is the closest to these things, but also the farthest: if he can't solve this problem, he will be like Qin Mo and the previous rebels, and he will easily merge with the Legalists.Mingling, Strict Law, Shiwu, Zhulian, Taylor's military industry, etc., all of which exclude the righteousness pursued by the Mohists themselves, and the integration with Legalism is like rice soup with vegetables without stagnation.

These speculative things are very boring, and I am not good at it as an engineering student, but it is very important. This is a question of the legitimacy of the uncrowned king.It can't be solved, even if it wins the world hegemony, it is impossible to do better than the Great Qin Empire in history.

If it is not resolved, Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei, and Qin are all Huaxia, so it is good to directly enter Qin, so why bother.

Mohists who have not been separated and have not been amended are very close to the original natural law thought. They firmly believe that people can deduce the legal morality that is most in line with people's interests, and this kind of thinking is the basis of rationalism and natural rights. The source of Jacobin rational terror.

However, the Mohists' understanding of science is empiricism rather than rationalism, but they follow the path of rational natural law in the humanities.

At the same time, the unity of righteousness and interests of the Mohists is a bit like Bentham's "utilitarianism".

Of course, there are time constraints.

(End of this chapter)