warring states careerist

Chapter 166
The various changes of the monarch are based on the ability to pay more and more taxes.

The system of the Song Dynasty was quite chaotic.

There are those who grant double fields, because there is no technology such as composting and deep plowing, so two pieces of land need to be left uncultivated and the other cultivated for rotation.

For this kind of double field, tithes will also be levied on the abandoned land, so it is called tithes.

There is a single share of land, and at the same time as tithes are collected, they also have to participate in the work of the number of private fields under the well field system. Nine households and one public are considered tithes, so they are also tithes.

There are also weird taxes such as the original hemp tax and silk tax.

The serfs under the aristocratic fiefdoms also need to undertake certain labor obligations for the aristocrats, and they also need to be recruited as apprentices to perform military obligations during wars.

Farmers in non-noble fiefdoms have to bear taxes and taxes that make them quite dissatisfied, as well as labor including feeding horses and cattle in carts, which makes them miserable.

Whose land is it?
This is a question that is hard to explain.

The emperor, the duke, and the marquis said that these lands belonged to the emperor according to ritual.

The emperor distributed it to the princes, the princes distributed it to the senior officials, the senior officials distributed it to the scholars, and the scholars distributed it to the peasants for farming.

Therefore, farmers have to perform various obligations for their superiors, nominally in exchange for land.

Whose land is it?
If it belonged to Emperor Zhou, then it is totally unreasonable for Mo Zhe to change his private mother like this.

Mohists are reasonable, especially when arguing with others, they demand reasoning.

The issue of who the land is has already been concluded among the Mohists, and there is a complete consensus on where wealth comes from.

It's just that this truth doesn't need to be explained to the public for the time being, but needs to be instilled slowly...

The people can make success, but not know the beginning, and it is not completely wrong to use it here. The people's requirements for private parents are not a day or two.

It's just that private acres need iron and cattle farming as support, and it is best to form a group of ten households to better deal with natural disasters.

Now that ironware has appeared, the state of Song is in chaos, and the Mohists are in full swing. If we don't make this kind of change at this time, there will be fewer opportunities in the future.

In name, Pei County is not owned by the Mohists, but still belongs to the Duke of Song, so Fu still has to be collected.

However, this time the Mohists went to Shangqiu to defend the city, and what they wanted was the right to control taxes and taxes, so the taxes would not be handed over to Song Gong in the end.

The nobles obtained fiefdoms with military obligations, and the Mohists actually used volunteers as military obligations in exchange for a whole piece of fiefdom.

It's just that Song Guo is often beaten and it is difficult to beat others, so it is in line with the Mohist's concept of "no offense, no war against injustice", here is a small sideline.

If taxes and taxes remain unchanged, the people of Peiyi have seen the Mohist’s reforms in farming, so they are extremely supportive of this reform of apportionment of taxes, which is obviously beneficial to them.

Not to mention the other conditions, the mere fact that the Mohists want to collect taxes from the nobles' private acres is enough to get the support of the people.

It is a very simple algorithm, even the most stupid farmers can know: the total amount of tax remains unchanged, and the private acres of the nobles are taxed, which means that the nobles will also bear part of the tax, and less will be distributed to the rest of the fields.

This kind of thing is extremely difficult to do in a country even at the end of the Warring States period.The virtuous Mr. Pingyuan turned his face on the tax collector because of the tax collection of his own family.

Furthermore, this involves the rent and tax issues of those renters under the private-acre system.Once taxes are collected from the nobles' private acres, it actually means that taxes are collected from the renters. If this problem cannot be properly resolved, it is easy to incite a rebellion.

A Mohist must guarantee five conditions before he dares to do this.

First, the situation in the world has changed, and the princes and princes will not set their sights on Peiyi for a few years.

Second, the military strength of the Mohists is sufficient to suppress nobles who may turn their faces.

Third, the Mohists are familiar enough with Peiyi, and there are enough "scholars" who can measure acres of fields as basic officials.

Fourth, there is enough financial support to ensure that the renters on the nobles’ private acres will not rebel, but will actively join the Mozhe side, and together force the nobles to sell unmanned land. Cultivated private fields.

Fifth, the dissemination of Mohist farming techniques, various experimental fields, and yield per mu of village pavilions can intuitively make the people of Peiyi think that sharing taxes into taxes is a policy that is beneficial to them, and they will support it without too much publicity.

For this decree and for these five conditions, Mo Zhe waited for two or three years. Now that he finally got this opportunity, how could he miss it?
The ownership system is the basis of all changes, so once this is changed, the remaining supporting policies must also be fully implemented.

Appropriately after the silence after the cheers of the public, he began to explain the remaining changes that must be made.

"Second, change in weights and measures."

"All townships and pavilions in Pei County and its surrounding areas are prohibited from using the original weights and measures."

"Length, mu, area, weight, quantity...all are approved by the secretary of the Mohist, and the specific measurement standard is in Peiguo Township."

"Afterwards, taxes, acres, etc. are paid; all transactions on weekdays are based on the new weights and measures."

"Abolish the old scales, cauldrons, beans, yi, buckets, stones, liters and other weights and measures, and unify them into the new weights and measures stipulated by the Mohists."

"All those who want to become officials must be familiar with the new weights and measures in Pei County."

"Third, changes in writing."

"From now on in Pei County, all official documents, mu taxes, land deeds, and financial deeds are all written in official script."

"Numbers are common in official script and Mohist's number symbols, which are easy for the public to understand and understand."

"All officials who are not able to use documents proficiently are not eligible to participate in the selection of talents."

"Fourth, labor tax."

"Fan Baigong, the original physical military tax is abolished, and all military taxes are purchased by taxes."

"Salt, iron, cotton, etc. are exclusively sold by Peiyi."

"For the rest, a tax of one-thirtieth of the price will be paid for each item. The specific tax amounts will be announced and discussed after five days."

"Pei county tax officials provide stamps, and stamps are used as tax marks. Those who do not have stamps are considered tax evaders. In addition to confiscating the original items, they will be charged double the money."

"Those who counterfeit stamps will be fined ten times."

"Anything with a stamp can be sold in Peiyi."

"Fifth, business tax."

"Merchants, if the goods have the seal of Pei County, there is no need to pay again."

"For things transshipped from other places, specific taxes and fees will be levied and then rated."

"Sixth, labor."

"All labor is proposed by the Mohist, and the people of Pei County agree to agree or not."

"If you agree, then you can either do labor or pay money every day. The specific amount will be discussed after five days."

…………

Various changes involving all walks of life in Peixian County were said one by one from Shi's mouth, basically covering the entire Peixian County in terms of taxation.

The low tax of industry and commerce can properly allow some landless farmers who originally wanted to open the fields to choose to become handicraftsmen or work in Mozhe's workshops.

The collection of indirect taxes is just a formality. Mozi's major income in industry and commerce still comes from the workshops they own, as well as the huge profits of iron, wine and other goods.

The existence of the well field system is the optimal result to adapt to the original low productivity, and it is accompanied by a complete set of management models and military systems.

The Mohists changed the land ownership system in Pei County and destroyed the well fields, which actually meant that the original management model and military system were also meaningless in Pei County.

The special situation in Peixian County makes the changes in Peixian County impossible to replicate elsewhere. The supporting grassroots officials, the huge profits of the Mozhe Workshop, and the completely elite military route are the military system in which grassroots officers can expand the army at any time in the future. Military enlistment for scale war preparations...

All these can be described as the characteristics of Pei County.Even Wei State, which has undergone reforms, and the Xihe area, which has implemented another private mu system on a large scale, cannot be replicated at all.

If the Duke of Song dared to follow Pei County's example and promote it throughout the Song Kingdom, he would be killed within a month for sure.

All these changes will affect the interests of many people, but the biggest interest touched is the reform of the land system.

Now that the land system has been determined to be changed, it is advisable to put forward all kinds of fundamental changes at once, and crush any possible rebellion before the main force of the Mohists leaves Pei County for Shangqiu.

The deprivation of the nobles' fief privileges will inevitably arouse the dissatisfaction of a large number of people, but there will also be some nobles with more private acres who will choose to forbear and remain silent.

Mo Zhe did not force all the nobles to the opposite side, at least Mo Zhe, the private mother of the nobles, recognized it and did not separate it.

As for the use of renting farmers to flee to force the nobles to sell their land, and to force the old nobles to join industry and commerce or to join the business, these nobles can't see it from the perspective of these nobles for the time being.

The aristocrats will be divided into two factions, one faction will fight against the Mohists forever; the other faction will accept the Mohist's changes, temporarily unable to see the danger they face.

The farmers absolutely supported the Mozhe, not only because of the Mozhe’s reform of the private mu system, but also because the Mozhe held iron, salt, cattle and horses and other materials in their hands.

The most important thing is that Mo Zhe has money.Rich enough to provide all kinds of loans: this money is not necessarily gold and copper, but this money can be exchanged for iron tools and seeds that farmers urgently need.

After the industrial and commercial food official system was broken, Mohists had their own workshops, which could accommodate some craftsmen who were originally inside the industrial and commercial food official, and organizations such as craftsmen's associations could implicitly govern these private handicraftsmen.

Anyway, the Mohists don't play chariot battles, don't need a lot of chariots, and have their own ordnance workshops, so they don't need to collect military taxes from industrial and commercial people.

It is difficult for the merchant class to transport some goods to Peixian County for sale. Whether it is grain, cloth, ironware, woodware, etc., Peixian County has an advantage in price and quality, and it can also benefit greatly from transporting these things outside. It is under the personal jurisdiction of the Mohist for the time being.

Civil laws and decrees can directly use the original Twelve Grass and Silk Laws, and add some more to fully fit the reformed Pei County.

This change is just the beginning, and it will take about three years for the people to adapt and the productivity to develop before making some corrections.

The supporting political system will also be finalized in the assembly five days later, based on the construction of the six outer townships, which is not difficult.

Amidst the cheers of popular support, after listening to the Mohist's first proposal on the reform of the land system, some people prepared to flee quietly and pass the shocking news back...

Mo Zhe did not reveal this meaning at all before, and no one dared to think that Mo Zhe really dared to risk the disgrace of the world to do such a thing.

(End of this chapter)