warring states careerist

Chapter 481
Ximentu's words attracted a lot of applause, but also a lot of cursing.

"Get off!"

"You don't know anything!"

"That's not the case at all. The law is not good, but it's not good because the law is not universal. How can there be no law? You knights are people who hold swords and make things fair?"

Many people booed, or made a lot of noise.

Amidst the noise, there was a sound of gold and iron intersecting. A man stood on a high place with two swords, knocking on his own bronze sword and iron sword. After attracting everyone's attention, the man said: "Don't curse, I will Speak justice for Simon."

"Lao Dan said that there are things that are mixed together and born from heaven and earth. If you are lonely and independent, you can go around without dying, and you can be the mother of the world. I don't know its name. The name of strong is Tao. The name of strong is big. Big. It is called death, death is far away, and far away is reverse. Therefore, Tao is big, heaven is big, earth is big, and people are also big. There is big in the domain, and people live in one of them. People follow the earth, the earth follows the sky, the sky follows the Tao, and the Tao follows nature."

"The will of heaven mentioned by the Mohists is actually nature. If the world wants to be ruled, Ximentu is right, it should return to the natural state."

"Only by doing nothing can one be able to do something. If there is no governance, then there will be great governance. It is said that benefiting the world, the Mohists say that benefiting the world must be based on the will of heaven. ?”

"Everyone talks about benevolence and righteousness. This kind of benevolence and righteousness are determined by people. There is no benevolence and righteousness determined by human beings in the world, so there is no inhumanity and injustice. Righteousness does not last, but Tao is eternal."

"There are also laws, which are all determined by people. Therefore, Lao Dan said: Govern the country with righteousness, use military force with wonder, and conquer the world with nothing. How do I know this? From this. There are many taboos in the world and the people are poor. There are many people and sharp weapons, and the country is stunned. There are many laws and regulations, and there are many thieves.”

"The more laws there are in the world, the more people break the law. The fewer the laws in the world, or even no laws, are there still people who break the law?"

"Think about the current laws and regulations. If you don't build a city, it is illegal; if you cannot survive by paying taxes, it is illegal to flee to the mountains; if you are hungry and steal food from the nobles, you are stealing... Can these laws benefit people?"

"The Mohists say that if you want to benefit the world, you must follow the will of nature, you must follow the will of heaven, and then you must have synonymous and centralized power. This is wrong. If you want to follow the law of nature and follow the will of heaven, there is no need for synonymous or even There are expressly defined meanings.”

"Therefore, if there is no law, no king, no government, and no government, the world will be able to rule."

Most of the crowd are fans of Mohism. They actually don't have a deep understanding of the mysterious "Tao" and "Tianzhi", but they just instinctively feel that Mohism's policies are beneficial to them and support them.

Such support and fans sometimes lack independent thinking.

So Kui spat at the person holding the sword preaching on the high place, and scolded: "What do you know? Why do you say that the Mohist's statement is wrong?"

The man holding the sword sneered and said, "I don't understand? Do you understand? How many books have you read? With the Mohists' method of explaining knowledge and inferring knowledge, what they say is inherently wrong. Can't you say it?"

Aoi didn't quite understand what it means to know and infer, so she scolded: "You're the one who farts, it stinks to death!"

Many people followed suit and shouted: "Go down!"

The man threw down a sword, flicked it with his fingers, laughed and sang, "The sergeant heard the Tao and practiced it diligently. The sergeant heard the Tao as if he was alive. The corporal laughed when he heard the Tao. It is not enough to be the Tao without laughing. "

"Just laugh, you are not worth it!"

At this time, a man with a sword stood up and asked: "Since you talk about deduction and knowledge, how can you deduce that the Mohist synonym is wrong?"

The man flicking the sword and laughing said loudly: "Everyone, listen to me!"

"Man is born in heaven and earth, and the law of heaven and earth follows nature, and man is born in nature. Then, if there is no man in this nature, what is the meaning of this world to man?"

"Today's mountains, rivers, and land, if there are no people, what does this world have to do with us?"

"It doesn't matter, so if you want to rule the world, you mean you want to rule the world with people, not the world with nothing, right?"

There is nothing wrong with this, and everyone felt that it was difficult to refute, so they nodded.

The man went on to say: "From this point of view, it can be said that there are people who have the world. To govern the world is to let people return to nature and obey the way of heaven. Is it true to say that? What is governing the world? You can't say that a king is unified." The world is called governing the world, but to make the world obey the way of heaven is to rule the world."

"Nature gives birth to heaven and earth, and heaven and earth give birth to man. Man exists between heaven and earth, and the meaning of man is the meaning of the existence of heaven and earth. The laws of heaven and earth give birth to man naturally, which proves that the existence of man is in line with the way of heaven, so all human nature is also in line with the law of heaven and earth." It’s the way of heaven, isn’t it true? If human nature is not in line with the way of heaven, then why do people have to be born?”

These words, even some people who have read Mohist articles, cannot refute.

Because after the death of Mozi, he mastered the propagandists of public opinion and ideology, and used the method of highlighting "human nature is neither good nor evil, and liberating human nature" to fight against the aristocracy and patriarchal clan system. .

The reason why human nature is to be liberated, according to the morality of Mohism, is precisely because "the heaven and the earth create man, the existence of man is reasonable, and human nature is a part of the will of heaven", so the liberation of human nature is in line with the law of heaven and heaven.

"Rituals" says: "Those who turn people into things are also those who destroy the principles of heaven and make people want to be poor."So there is a heart of rebellion and deceit, and there are things like adultery and chaos.

The Legalists, who have shown signs of it, also said that human nature is inherently evil, so it is necessary to make laws to transform nature from falsehood.

If Mohism wants to fight against the rationality of the old rules, and avoid being absorbed by the principles of Legalism, which would lead to Mohism being digested and absorbed, it must oppose the theory of good nature and evil nature at the root.

The people's pursuit of profit is the basis for overthrowing the patriarchal ritual system of the aristocracy.

Seeking profit without guilt is the source of legitimacy for the people to resist the nobility.

Seeking profit is the law of heaven, which is to allow the people to seek profit for themselves without any sense of guilt.

Otherwise, if people do not seek profit, they cannot overthrow the rule of the aristocracy; if it is a crime for people to seek profit, it will lead to a dark and oppressive era;

This is intertwined, and when the desire for profit in human nature reaches the extreme, and when the desire for profit is outspoken, chaos and order can be achieved.

What the man holding the sword grasped was precisely this point in the Mohist rhetoric.

After seeing that everyone did not object, he said: "Then, what is wrong with Ximentu's words? Human nature is nature, it is the will of heaven, and human freedom can reveal human nature, and there is no need for the Mohists to take off their clothes and fart." Then go to 'synonym'. As long as there is absolute freedom, there is no government, monarch, or country, then human nature will naturally be manifested, and it will be in line with the way of heaven. Are my words wrong?"

"People follow the earth, the earth follows the sky, the sky follows the Tao, and the Tao follows nature. The great rule of the world is to return to the state of nature."

"What is the state of nature?"

"A small country with few people, no sage and no king, no common elder in the world who has the power to judge people. People are equal and free by virtue of their humanity, law and nature, and their yellow hair is happy."

"It's just that the so-called sages appeared later, so that the righteousness stipulated by people appeared in the world, and then power began to concentrate in the hands of some people. When righteousness appeared, there was injustice; when law appeared, lawlessness appeared... ..."

As soon as he finished speaking, someone stood up and shouted: "According to what you say, the creation of this country, law, and power was accidental?"

The man holding the sword nodded and said, "That's right."

The man retorted loudly: "This statement is ridiculous."

"Do you know what Solucan traveled to the west? Thousands of miles west, what you see and hear, people speak different languages, and skin colors are different, but there are many countries, laws, and monarchs. It's like a horse with four legs, and two horses with four legs. , and even the horses in the world have four legs, can you still say this is accidental?"

"From the point of view of the Mohists, it is inevitable to have a country, a law, and a monarch. It is not because of saints and puppets that they appear."

"Mozi said: In ancient times, because of his words, people have different meanings. One person has one meaning, two people have two meanings, ten people have ten meanings. If there are many people, the so-called righteous people are also many. Yes It is righteousness to be human, and righteousness to be inhuman, so friendship is wrong. Father, son, and brother who are inside are separated by hatred and hatred, and cannot be reconciled. Toil; rotten beetles do not divide the remaining wealth; hide the good way and do not teach each other. The world is in chaos. It is like a beast."

"Human nature is like this, in line with nature, so seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages is the nature of nature, it is the way, it is nature."

"Since this is the case, if you seek benefits and avoid disadvantages, the ancient times must not be so beautiful. Since I seek benefits, I hope that everything in this world will be mine; if you seek benefits, you hope that everything in the world will be yours." .”

"Under the chaos, father and son are separated, and the people are harmed by fire, fire and poison... This is what it looks like when people seek profit and private property arises."

"The theory of nature you mentioned, the Mohist's paradise has been spoken, that is the original paradise, and in the end it is because of self-interest and seeking profit that you said that a small country with few people and a happy state."

The man holding the sword said with a smile: "It is said that the Mohists talk about logic, but I don't think so. If people seek profit and self-interest, how could there be a scene of a small country with few people and a happy life in ancient times? Mohism admits that it is a paradise Isn’t it contradictory to talk about self-interest at the beginning?”

The person who refuted immediately said: "Looking at the righteousness of the Mohists, righteousness is profit. Self-interest is benevolence, and seeking profit is the nature."

"Yi Shi said in "The Nine Layers of Paradise" that in the very ancient times, people used stones as tools, wood as shovels, hairs to drink blood, and lived in caves. Only after that did the Shennong family teach harvesting, and the Youchao family taught nest building..."

"Prior to this, when people used stones as tools to drink blood, their human nature was no different from what it is now. Why did they seem to be selfless and altruistic at that time? In fact, it was because of selfishness."

"Because the first priority of self-interest is to ensure life. When you are about to starve to death, if you are given a piece of millet or a piece of gold, which one would you choose?"

The man holding the sword said: "Naturally choose corn."

The person who refuted immediately said: "This is the same reason. In ancient times, people first wanted to survive, and this was the greatest self-interest. Under self-interest, the righteousness that people chose was to gather the crowd for the public. Because the world is vast, You can't live on only one stone, so you have to rely on others. Rely on others, and others will also rely on you. Therefore, the righteousness in the ancient times is universal love, and the root cause is profit. The selflessness in the ancient times is public, in fact It’s the ultimate self-interest.”

"It's not that human nature was selfless in ancient times, but because human nature is self-interested, so we have to rely on selfless behavior to survive. Otherwise, how can human nature change from selfless in ancient times to what it is today? In ancient times, cattle ate grass, but today’s cattle do not eat meat. Eating grass is the nature of cattle, and it is human nature to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages!"

"Tao follows nature, not because it is natural to be selfless, but because it is natural to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages. Taoism follows the principles of seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages, which resulted in the selfless public settlements in ancient times. You are taking the appearance as a because."

The man holding the sword laughed and said: "Then you also admit that the natural state in the ancient times is that everyone loves each other and gathers the crowd for the public? Why do you say that I am wrong? How did the Mohists introduce the state and law? , The emergence of righteousness is inevitable?"

(End of this chapter)