warring states careerist

Chapter 516 Six Arts and Times

Simple and easy-to-understand morals are easy to understand; true and uncultivated morals are easy to propagate.

Ximen Shu, who was born in a noble family, interpreted these two sentences to his father under the eyes of Ximen Bao.

Both Ximen Leopard and Ximen Pig knew what the father and son were arguing about today.

Freezing three feet is not a day's cold.

To this day, to the step where Ximen Bao was waiting for his son to question him in the study, it did not happen overnight.

This is a long process that has to be experienced in the waves of the times.

Twists and turns, but helpless.

Since Ximen Shu was born in a nobleman, the original six arts of a gentleman are called five rituals, six musics, five shots, five controls, six books, and nine numbers.

These six arts are "compulsory education" for the ruling class. Only after mastering the six arts can they learn the art of intrigue, war, and governance.

Six Arts is very good.

Even though Ximen Shu was born as a concubine, his family conditions gave him enough opportunities to learn the Six Arts.

Ximen may not all be lowly surnames like Jingshang and Cunxia, ​​and it may also be the surname of a certain nobleman living in Ximen, a city.

Ximen Leopard is not from a low background, and the fiefdom at home is enough for the family children to receive a good education.

The six arts themselves are also very good, but Ximen Shu doesn't know much about these six arts.

The art of archery and imperialism is the basis for the military aristocrats and warrior class to settle down.

Even if Ximen Zhi was born as a bastard, such skills still need to be learned, and the family will also provide scholars as masters to teach them the art of imperial archery.

The battle of Lushui seems to be just a struggle between the Mohists and the Yue Kingdom for the supremacy of Sishang, but for the world, some influences are far greater than the supremacy of Sishang.

At the beginning of the war, the Yue State sent warriors to challenge them. Xu Bo, Le Bo, and She Shu, the famous warriors of the Yue State who wanted to learn from the Battle of Liangtang, were blasted into sieves by the artillery and musket volleys of the Mohist volunteers.

At the beginning of the war, 150 elite chariots from the Yue State attacked the left flank of the volunteer army, but half of them were directly destroyed by the salvo of artillery and heavy muskets.

At the height of the battle, the [-] stirrups of the righteous division raised troops and launched a surprise attack from the flank, directly defeating the left wing of the Yue army, forcing Yue Wang Yi to adjust his deployment, which indirectly led to the final defeat.

This battle had a huge impact on those young nobles.

Does shooting make sense in an era when common people can form formations and fire guns and cannons in salvo?
Even if I am proficient in five shots, can I beat five musketeers by myself?
As a son of a nobleman, I have learned archery for more than ten years since I was born, and I have worn out my fingers countless times. In the end, I may not be able to win against five farmers with guns who have been trained for three months.

Yu, in the age of stirrups and saddles and the mass assault of troops, does it make sense?

As a son of aristocrats, I have learned to drive, drive to the left, drive to shoot, and hold a spear since I was a little older.But what I have learned in nearly 20 years, do I have any advantage in front of the stirrups formed by those farmers?

When the aristocrats cannot defeat a hundred with one, the military value of the aristocrats itself actually ceases to exist.

Chariots, knights, and samurai are actually all the same.

There is no gunpowder, the people are poor, and warriors in armor and off-the-job training can defeat a hundred with one.Even more, in front of recruited farmers and apprentices, a chariot of three scholars can overwhelm the defense of hundreds of people.

But once gunpowder appears, they can’t fight against a hundred with one, then the monarch has other options, so they are no longer the pillar of the monarch’s power, but an obstacle to the monarch’s centralization, because the monarch can use cheaper farmers, Spend less money to get the same or even better results.A trio chariot would definitely not be able to break through the line of three hundred musketeers, and it would not even be able to touch anyone.

When Ximen Zhi was 13 years old, he gave up studying the art of imperial archery. Some of the above words were his reasons when he faced Ximen Bao's reprimand.

Ximen Bao asked Ximen Zhu, if he didn't want to learn imperial archery, what would he want to learn?
Ximen Shu said that cannons and muskets can defeat imperial warriors, so I want to learn geometry.

Ximen Zhu said that the formation of muskets can defeat archers, so I want to learn musketry and riding.

Ximen Zhi is not a legitimate son, as long as he wants to learn something, Ximen Leopard will support it. It is better than shooting and hunting horses to miss the flowers in the market. If you learn from the time when the Marquis of Jin went out of the city in the middle of the night to have a tryst with his mistress and was assassinated, it would be better to learn from it. Order horseback riding and musketry.

At that time, the Mo family had activities in Yeduo, and some night schools gathered many people from the market. They first learned characters, and later began to learn some advanced content, such as hooking three strands, four strings, and five.

Because of this, Ximen Zhi gave up the study of imperial archery, but devoted himself to the night school of the Mo family in Yecheng, and began to learn these novel things off-the-job.

Ximen Leopard occupies a high position, even though he is clean, he still has a fief. He spent some money to buy some high-quality hunting muskets, a set of the best stirrups and saddle bridles for his son.

Now that such a start has been made, the following things become somewhat blurred.

Ximen Shu directly chose not to learn two of the six arts, but for the remaining nine, Sishang was the best.

The study of nine numbers is: square field, corn, difference, Shaoguang, business performance, even loss, equation, win deficiency, and sidelines.

There are nine in total, including geometry and algebra.

Square field refers to the calculation of land area, mainly based on the area calculation of plane geometry.

Corn refers to the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of the calculation of the transaction amount, which is regarded as the content of the fifth grade of primary school in later generations.

The difference is actually a decline. This decline has the same meaning as the decline in the beheading in funerals.According to the funeral ceremony, the son wears several lines of longitude and latitude sackcloth, and arranges them according to the difference in kinship, according to the arithmetic difference or the geometric sequence.The difference is about the arithmetic sequence and the geometric sequence.

Shaoguang refers to the problem of knowing the area of ​​a rectangle or a square, and finding the length of the hypotenuse or one side, which is extended to such problems as the square root.

Shanggong refers to knowing the volume of a cube and calculating the side length of a cube, which is extended to open a cube.

To lose evenly is to find a fair number. For example, one village is eight days away from the battlefield, while another village is ten days away from the battlefield. For villages ten days away from the battlefield, one out of ten households is selected. This is an algorithm that uses mathematics to find fairness.

Needless to say the rest of the equation, profit and loss, the so-called sidelines are Pythagorean shares.

The Nine Numbers can be regarded as one of the six arts, and there are not many people who can learn them proficiently. However, the Sishang Mohists in the world have ruthless words: When it comes to the study of Nine Numbers, it is the best in the world.

These cruel words have been released for more than ten years. With the virtues of the Mohists, they would never say such cruel words without sufficient confidence. talk.

After shouting for 15 years, the world has tacitly agreed that this sentence is the truth. When it comes to the number of nine, even those officials in charge of books in Luoyi have to say: The study of number nine is all in the world.

Therefore, Ximen Shu told Ximen Bao that I also learned my father's nine numbers from the Mo family.

Ximen Leopard thought for a moment, got it, Mohism is the most important school of Nine Numbers in the world, and no one can shake it, so this study of Nine Numbers is of course the Mohist school's best, so he agreed.

Although paper is not cheap nowadays, it is far more convenient than the bamboo slips before, and also cheaper than the original silk. Ximen Leopard asked someone to buy paper and pens for his son, so that he could concentrate on learning something.

At that time, he had a good impression of the Mohists, and the Mohists did have real talents and learning. No one could deny this, so he didn't think much about it at the time.

In the correspondence with Wu Qi, Wu Qi also mentioned that the times have changed, and that the imperial archer warriors may be replaced by full-time farmers and soldiers in the future. As for Ximen Zhi abandoning imperial archery to learn geometry, nine numbers, muskets, and horseback riding, Ximen Leopard also felt that there was no problem.

Among the six arts, three of them already studied the content of Mohism. When it came to Liushu, Ximen Zhi directly said that he could not go to ethnology to learn those Liushu.

Ximen Leopard was a little angry at the time, thinking that it would be okay if he couldn't read, but his son recited a few articles and told Ximen Leopard that words were only the carrier of knowledge, just like what he wanted was the goods on the carriage, but it was a four-horse single-wheel Is there any difference between the one pulled by a single horse and two shafts?

As the saying goes: Zhou Li entered elementary school at the age of eight, and the Bao family taught the sons of the country, first with the six books.

The name "elementary school" already existed during the Qin and Han Dynasties, and the meaning of elementary school is the meaning of elementary school in later generations, but it may be that people went to elementary school at the age of eight at that time, and after 2000, they went to elementary school at the age of six.

What kind of "ancient rhyme words" such as Kaimeng are far less than "elementary school" when it comes to the age, just like the army, division, brigade, company, etc. in the military system, this is the retro, and those weird dynasties sound like A very cool name is not retro.

In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, many people would immediately understand what it meant when they talked about elementary school, but they would find it hard to understand when they said Kaimeng, thinking that it might be a name outside of Kyushu.

In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period, people from all over the world would immediately think that a division commander led about a few thousand people, and a company commander led about 200 people. However, titles such as commanders and envoys sounded like barbarians.

Calling comrades in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period was a kind of respectful title between nobles with the same surname, which was closer than friends.

It is said that Zhou Li entered elementary school at the age of eight, and the Bao family taught the sons of the country, first with the six books.

The six books taught in this elementary school are one of the six arts of a gentleman, which are:
One is to refer to things, and those who refer to things can be recognized by looking at them, and can be seen by observing them, both up and down;

The second is pictograms, pictograms are painted into their objects, and they are interspersed with the body, the sun and the moon are also true;

The third is called shape and sound, and shape and sound are named after things, and they are formed by taking analogies, just like rivers and rivers;

The fourth is understanding, the person who understands, compares the friendship with others, and sees and refers to it, Wu Xin is also true;

The fifth is to re-annotate, and those who re-annotate, create a class, agree to accept it, and pass the test;
The sixth is borrowing under false pretenses, those who borrow under false pretenses have no characters at all, and rely on their voices to entrust things, so it is true for the commander.

This is exactly the basic structure of Chinese characters for thousands of years.

That is to say, as a qualified nobleman who really knows the Six Arts, in the Six Books, one must know what it is and why it is.

Liushu teaches the "method of creating characters", not just recognizing characters.

A person with truly superb six arts, such as Confucius, if you take out a character, he can tell you the allusion and origin of the character. Is it a pictographic character, a reference character or a borrowed character?

Why is this word written like this?
What's the point of writing that?
What kind of philosophy is reflected in it?

It's not about being proficient in the six books, but about knowing characters, which is the lowest requirement.

(End of this chapter)