warring states careerist

Chapter 622

The Qi army that retreated at Mingjin just failed in this wave of attack, and it will continue to regroup the team.

Nearly 2000 people tried to attack, without the support of artillery, relying on shields, short swords and spears, using the outdated siege method 20 years ago, to attack the city defense that is most suitable for the inferior black powder era, the consequences can be imagined Know.

Amidst the wailing and howling, I don't know how many people pretended to be dead and lay within the three hundred steps full of death.

Lying on the ground pretending to be dead, Chief Sima listened to those miserable voices of Qi Yu, and sighed, "I'm afraid this world is about to change. Wars were not like this 20 years ago."

"At that time, we followed the nobleman. As soon as the nobleman's chariot rushed, we didn't care where the enemy was, as long as we ran over with the chariot. If we were far away, even though there were feather arrows, we didn't want to be the same as now. After three or four hundred steps, we would go He was crushed to death by an iron bullet that fell from somewhere."

In fact, the world has changed, otherwise the war would not be like this at this time, but this is not what the commander of the Qi army called the world.

The Qi soldier also said: "Look at it like this, if you want to capture Yingyi, you will have to die a lot of people."

Chief Sima smiled disdainfully and said: "Taking it? Where can it be taken? You and I don't want to die and want to go home. Don't others fear death and don't want to go home? To this day, there is nothing to fight. We are just doing it for the son. Just die in the afternoon. If we don't die, if we don't defeat the Mo family, he will die."

After a simple description of this simple truth, the people around suddenly let out bursts of oohs of understanding.

Such a simple truth can be understood by these soldiers who have lived in the village since childhood, no matter how difficult the truth is.

But not all these people who lie on their stomachs and pretend to be dead just use this reasoning to explain their peaceful behavior of pretending to be dead.

For example, on the other side hundreds of steps away, there is also a person who is pretending to be dead, but he is only surrounded by himself and has no other partners.

Occasionally, when the sound of cannons sounded, he would quietly raise his head to look at the movement in the distance, and said sadly: "My master said, nothing in the world is more important than life. If it is beneficial to life, it will be done, and if it is harmful to life, it will be stopped. If everyone in the world values ​​oneself Guisheng, why are there so many wars?"

"The master learned from Yang Zi, and Yang Zi's learning is the truth. It's a pity that the Mohists think that they can use some rationality to deduce the most reasonable world and make the world war. It's ridiculous."

The man who pretended to be dead finished speaking, shook his head, looked back at the Qi army who was organizing the second wave of attack, and cursed: "For the benefit of one person, but at the expense of the lives of thousands of people, the actions of Jie and Zhou! Is it not dead?"

Since "there is nothing better than life in the world, if it is beneficial to life, it will be done, and if it is harmful to life, it will be stopped", then it is natural to pretend to be dead on the battlefield.

Linzi is rich and prosperous, and its culture is prosperous. In addition to the spread of Mohist theory in Linzi, Yang Zhu's theory is also popular in Linzi.

At this time in the world, Huang Lao Wude and the relationship between heaven and man have not yet merged with Confucianism. After the death of Zhongni, Confucianism has declined, or it is completely difficult to integrate with the era of the development of productive forces and the world of disputes between princes.

Decades later, Meng Ke once said that the learning of the world does not belong to Yang, but to Mo.

Later, some people commented: "Yang Dang is lawless, Mo Jian is abolishing etiquette."The ancients Yang and Mo Sailu, Mencius recited it...

It is all about the fact that Yang and Mo's families have become prominent schools in the world, forcing Confucianism to reject them.

Especially with the many public debates between the Mohists and the Yang Zhu School, the Yang Zhu School has more and more believers, and of course there are more Mohists than the increased number.

Because of this troubled world, because of the development of productive forces, and because of the suppression of hundreds of years of etiquette, there has finally been a huge rebound. When the dawn of human revolution first appears, it will inevitably contain too many extremes.

Selfishness, selfishness, selfishness, and life are also a way to fight against feudal etiquette, just as the later European Renaissance also started to fight against dark feudal etiquette and morality from extreme carnality, sex, selfishness, selfishness, and greed. dawn.

The contradiction between Yang and Mo is very deep. It is not a disagreement between being stingy and benefiting the world, but fundamentally lies in thinking about the world.

Mohists believe that reason can know the will of heaven, and use reason to deduce the system and laws that are most suitable for the people of the world.

Yang Zhu believes that even a rational world is terrible and cannot be beautiful.

This theory was born out of the Taoism, which follows nature. Yang Zhu said, "If everyone does not lose a single cent, there will be no Yao and Shun; if everyone is unfavorable to the world, there will be no Jie and Zhou; without Jie and Zhou, there will be no chaos at the time; without Yao and Shun, there will be no future." The disadvantages."

In other words, don't think about benefiting the world, because as long as you do it, even if the original intention is good, as long as you do it, it will cause harm and chaos.

It is impossible for people to know the will of heaven, and it is impossible to rationally deduce what the most suitable Tianxia looks like, so the creation of the country was a mistake from the very beginning.

Yao and Shun united the world to benefit the world, changing the original situation of "Tao follows nature" and "a small country with few people". What is the result?As a result, the emergence of the country led to the emergence of Jie and Zhou.

Without Jie and Zhou, there would be no suffering in the world, but the root of the suffering in the world can be traced back to the Yao and Shun era, which changed the state of "Tao follows nature" and made the country appear.

The Mohists believe that the country must exist, at least at this time. As long as the most reasonable system is deduced by reason, the existence of the country can bring great benefits to the world.

This is the most essential difference between Yang Zhu and the Mohists, and it is also the root cause of the tenuous debate:

Yang Zhu believes that everyone is self-interested, my property belongs to me, my house belongs to me, the wind can enter and the rain can enter, but princes cannot enter, and don't think about taking away my property under the pretext of benefiting the family and the country. Then the world will be prosperous.

The nobles don't take my property, and I don't take other people's property. How can the world be poor?
Everyone values ​​himself, and everyone values ​​life. If I am asked to fight, I will not go. The so-called "one's righteousness does not enter the army", so how can there be wars in the world?

You Mohists say today that in order to benefit the world, you can let the country continue to exist, you can also force people to serve in military service, and use taxes to take away other people's property.One day when your Mohist school is gone, no one will talk about benefiting the world, but the habit of forcing people to serve in military service and taking other people's property with taxes has not disappeared, so what you do cannot benefit the world.

Mohists, however, believe that today we force people to serve in military service and use taxes to collect other people’s property, which is for the better benefit of the world. Rationally inferred, our approach is the most "utilitarian" and the most efficient optimal solution. And although the ideas of your Yang Zhu school sound good—the Mohist theory of universal love is based on self-love, and universal love is just the highest form of self-love and the most efficient optimal solution based on rational deduction—the purpose is not There is no contradiction, but there are too many differences in the process.

Yang Zhu believes that the existence of the state should be eliminated in one step, and the existence of any authority should be eliminated, including compulsory service and taxation for the sake of benefiting the world.

Mohists believe that the existence of the state cannot be abolished now, and that authoritarian power must not only exist but also be centralized more powerfully, otherwise it will not be able to benefit the world.

This is a very interesting reality. With the decline of Confucianism, the world will be in chaos, productivity will increase, and human nature will be awakened. It is inevitable to take the two paths that Yang Zhu and Mohism must take. At least in principle, you can only choose one, so it leads to The situation of "the words of the world do not belong to Yang, but to Mo".

It's a pretty good future to extrapolate.

If the words of the world belong to Yang Zhu, then it will start a renaissance of "ritual collapse and joy", "moral depravity", "full of carnality", and "extreme nature release against extreme depression", releasing greed, desire , selfishness, self-interest, seeking survival, seeking profit, seeking money, the desire for gold surpasses the original morality... Everyone is like this, and everyone is a natural enemy of "ritual". Spontaneously uniting the people of the world will smash the "rituals" of the feudal system, and start to think about the relationship between morality and rationality after the excessive pursuit of individual freedom under the humanism.

What the Mohists have to do is to use rational inferences to show that today's world, rituals are no longer applicable, and use rational inferences and material foundations to create a new moral standard, and this moral standard cannot be sustained without material support, so use The three words "beneficiary to the world" make the people of the world, under the organization of the four-horse vanguard, not rely on spontaneity and self-consciousness and the natural hostility to ritual after the release of human nature, but rely on Mozhe, the four-horse vanguard, in a purposeful and organized way. Smash the rules and regulations of the past and create a new world.

The former may take hundreds or thousands of years of natural evolution, but the latter may only take a few decades, especially in the reality that the material base is constantly following up.

Under this kind of disagreement, the "fugitive" who had learned some knowledge of the Yang Zhu School in the market middle school only hated the Mohists, but did not hate them.

He was full of hatred for the nobles behind him who forced him to go to war.

Everyone's righteousness is different, but Yang Zhu's righteousness is to cherish life, so this fugitive escaped with peace of mind, without the slightest shame.

The principles he used to feel at ease were different from those of the fugitives a few hundred steps away, but the effect was the same.

In the market debates outside the battlefield, his master could argue with the Mohists with red faces, wishing to fight each other with swords to justify him.

In the life-and-death fight on the battlefield, he just lamented that the righteousness of the Mohist school may not be right, but he was also full of hatred for the enemies of the Mohist family.

An enemy's enemy may not necessarily be a friend, but sometimes it is more reliable than an enemy. Although this fugitive from the Yang Zhu school talked about the wrongness of the Mohist doctrine, he still eagerly hoped that the Mohist would hurry up in this battle. win.

Although the Mohist school does not have the ultimate noble life, the statement that being born as a human being is the right given to a person by the emperor of heaven has led to the fact that the Mohist school does not kill innocent prisoners, which he is still clear about.

He very much agrees with the Mohist statement that "life is the right given to people by the Emperor of Heaven", but he just hates the Mohists' behavior of forcing the people of the world to recognize "life is the right given to people by the Emperor of Heaven" by means of compulsory service and conquest of the world.

Because this in itself violates the essence of "life is the right given by the emperor of heaven": the emperor of heaven can take away life, and the Mohists are not the emperor of heaven, so they have no right to use this as a reason to force military service, because it is not suitable for life meaning, will only backfire.

He felt that it was like the Mohists said, we Mohists want to make the world have no beatings, we hate beatings the most, and then those who like to hit with a pair of fists will stop beating, This makes no sense.

Yang Zhu’s righteousness is not wrong, and it’s not unreasonable, but Yang Zhu didn’t teach the fugitive’s master, and the fugitive’s master didn’t teach him one thing: You value yourself and your life, I don’t harm others, and neither do others. Harm me; I don't take what belongs to others, and others don't take what belongs to me.However, if I don’t harm others, others come to harm me; if I don’t take what belongs to others, but others come to rob me, what should I do?

(End of this chapter)