warring states careerist

Chapter 683 New Customs and Old Rituals ([-])

The concubine Mi, a small soldier and a school-level officer, how could she know that her simple wedding would involve a series of moral disputes.

The middle-aged man said with a smile: "Now, if we say that our Mohists regard Yi Di as their father, no wonder they want to make Zhu Xia have no father and love at the same time. It is said that Zi Mozi is a Yi Di who works carefully, and he wants to mess with Zhu Xia. To say that Qinzi is worshiping Yi Di As a father, mess up the rituals of the summers."

"When we say that we love each other, that means having a wife, a father, and a mother. You share your mother with your father, and your father shares your wife with you. This is universal love. You love my wife, I love your wife, and you love you." Your father is like you love your mother, your mother loves you like your father, and you love your daughter like you love your wife. father."

The concubine Mi laughed and said: "Call me. Didn't Shishuai say that the harder the enemy scolds, the more frightened they are by what we do? If we can win the fight, we can punish Shao Zhengmao, why do we need to talk? How many teachers do Confucian scholars have? But I think Yang Zhu School will also be scolded, right?"

The enmity between the Yang-Zhu school and the Mohist school is the difference between extreme freedom and anarchy and the dictatorship of the majority.

When there are no nobles, both sides can beat their brains out.

When there are nobles, the two sides can sometimes be good friends.

However, the enmity between the Yang-Zhu School and Confucianism is that there is "no monarch", and of course the voices being scolded are not less than those of the Mohists. There is still limited cooperation between freedom and anarchy and the dictatorship of the people for the gods and the rule of the people, especially the aristocratic system When it was still alive, there was really no way to reconcile it with etiquette.

The middle-aged man chuckled, nodded, and said, "Yang Zhu and the others were scolded a lot. We are beasts, and they are worse than beasts. At most, we have a common wife, common father, and common mother. On Yang Zhu's side, there is no king." , should be punished."

The concubine Mi hurriedly asked: "Does Shishuai know about this? How did he respond?"

The middle-aged man flipped through another piece of paper and said, "When the school manager heard about it, he smiled and said something. All history is now."

The concubine Mi didn't know why Shi Shi would express such emotion, and said to herself that such a thing had never happened in previous history.

After another thought, he asked, "But what does this have to do with my marriage?"

The middle-aged man pointed to the wooden stool next to one of the evidences of "Mohism is the study of barbarians", motioned for the two to sit down, and asked, "You two also know about Zimozi's weeping, right?"

They all know this story, which is the root of Mohism's "personality view". It is said that Mozi saw a craftsman dyeing silk thread one day, and said with emotion that if the silk thread is dyed black, it is black, and if it is dyed yellow, it is yellow.

This is also the root of the morality of the Mohist school that "human nature is neither good nor evil". The human nature here is not character, but things like eating, drinking, and sex. It is human nature, and there is no such thing as good or bad. The liberation of human nature allows the people to dare to resist the oppressive etiquette and aristocratic system.

But morality needs to be educated, and morality itself can use reason to infer which ones are in line with the "ninefold paradise" stage. The etiquette and rules derived from morality are dyed "yellow" and "black".

This also involves the disputes of "benevolence, righteousness, internal and external", the debate between good and evil of human nature, the debate of universal morality, the debate between abstraction and reality of human nature, the debate between human animality and human nature, and the origin of morality from universal and unchanging Morality still stems from a lot of problems such as the material basis.

It can be said that there is almost no reconciliation between the two schools of Confucianism and Mohism. The middle-aged people understand it, but the concubines don’t understand it. This matter is only an internal matter of the Mohist school, so the middle-aged people did not start it, but borrowed Mozi’s cry. Si this incident as an introduction.

After the middle-aged man finished telling the story of Mozi crying silk, he asked: "Black silk, or yellow silk, what's the point? Is it silk? Or black and yellow? How do you look at it?"

"The school manager once said that Mohism is like ink, which should be dissolved in water and dyed in water. Do you know what this means?"

The middle-aged person called the school referee, and the military officer like Shu Pu Mi called Shishuai.

The concubine Mi nodded and said, "Ink must blend with water before it can be dyed and written. That means, let's go to the people. Because what we want is ink, not dry ink."

This is the content of their internal handouts, and Shu Pu Mi naturally knows it.

What the Mohists want is black, not a mass of dry ink.In other words, what Mohism wants is a new world, not a school that has been shelved and praised by later generations.

The crux of the problem is to change the world, not to explain the world. To explain the world is dry ink, and to change the world is to dissolve in water and dye the world black.

When the middle-aged man heard the answer from Shu Pu Mi, he nodded with a smile, but shook his head again, thinking: "Your understanding is still not deep enough. But it is not easy to understand to this level."

He pointed to a small pot of ink beside him and said, "Just like this pot of ink, this ink is water first, and then ink. Have we changed the customs, have we changed water into oil? Or, just dyed water color?"

Shu Pu Mi seemed to understand, and said: "We change the customs and change the color of water, not water into oil. In essence, ink is still water, not oil."

It was a debate similar to whether a white horse is not a horse. The concubine Mi was not very proficient in it. He didn't want to think about it, he just wanted to know the conclusion.

So he asked: "But what water? What is oil? And what is ink?"

Asked this question, the middle-aged man who was in charge of publicity said hesitantly: "That's a good question. This time the Confucianists are aggressively going to Peiyi to debate righteousness and propriety with us, and they are actually arguing about this issue. I can There is no way to answer this question.”

"The school guide said, get rid of the dross and get the essence. How difficult is it?"

The word "removing the dross and taking the essence" does not exist in the first place, but is uniquely created by Sishang.

It's not because people on Sishang are smarter than other places, but just because there are oil mills and tofu mills on Sishang. If there are no oil mills and tofu mills, how can there be dross?Where is the essence?

The concubine Mi is still not quite sure what is water and what is color.

For example, eating with a knife and fork, is this color?Or water?For example, kneeling and sitting, is this water?Or color?
The middle-aged man in charge of publicity paused for a moment and asked: "It not only talks about marriage, Taoism also talks about the law of nature, our Mohists talk about rationality and heavenly will, and Confucianism says that etiquette is not easy forever... You have heard about the so-called natural state in ancient times. What's it like?"

This concubine had also learned it, recalled it, and recited: "In ancient times, there was no king, and the people lived together in groups. They knew their mothers but didn't know their fathers. They had no relatives, brothers, husbands and wives, and there was no way to grow up and down. There is no etiquette for advance and retreat, no convenience for clothes and tracks to accumulate in palaces and animals, no equipment for boats, vehicles, and fortresses to prepare for dangerous obstacles."

This sentence had been circulated during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was finally included in the theory of Zajia.

The so-called Taikoo is the time when Taoism called "Tao follows nature", but it is different from the natural state of historical idealism used by Mohism in order to integrate Taoism, but the first state of the paradise within the Mohist system.

It's just that this sentence is just a statement followed by an argument.

That is to say: in these ancient situations, knowing the mother does not know the father, and having no relatives, the difference between father and daughter, husband and wife, is all because of "taste that there is no king".

That is to say, the reasons for these seeming extremely chaotic now are because there is no monarchy, which led to this kind of chaos.Therefore, there must be a monarchy, otherwise there will be no clothing, track, palace, and animal accumulation, and no equipment, boats, cars, and walls to prepare for danger.

However, in Mohist logic, it is the other way around.

In the logic of Mohism, there is no monarchy because the productive forces are not developed enough, and there is no basis for a monarchy when Taoism follows nature.And when the productive forces are developed, private ownership comes into being, with the convenience of accumulating clothes and tracks, palaces and animals, and equipment, boats, vehicles and walls with dangers and obstacles, etiquette, morality, and monarchy come into being.

In other words, the world's understanding of the ancient state of nature at this time is: because there is no monarchy, there is only one who knows his mother but does not know his father, has no etiquette, has no clothes, tracks, palaces and animals, and no equipment, boats, cars, and barriers. Case.

However, the Mohists believed that at that time there was no convenience for clothes, tracks, palaces and livestock, and there was no equipment for boats, cars and walls to prepare for dangers, so the monarchy could not be produced.

The feudal system, the monarchy, the etiquette and morality at this time all originated from the material basis of "conforming" at that time.

Precisely because of the word "conformity", it is equivalent to not recognizing the "universal" morality at this time, thinking that the morality at this time is not eternal, only conformity, not eternal, so this is Mohism's understanding of the "Tang-Wu Revolution". Just interpretation, not just because of "benevolence" and "righteousness", things that have been debated for thousands of years without any results.

Zhou's rituals are not Shang's rituals, but Zhou's rituals are more in line with the times, not because Zhou's rituals are eternal and correct in ancient times, so it is correct for King Wu to defeat Zhou.

But now, it doesn't fit anymore.

Today's conversation is within the Mohist School, and it does not involve moral disputes, nor does it involve debates about doctrines. The middle-aged man in charge of propaganda does not want to give lectures to the concubine, he is already tired after talking all day today.

The middle-aged man asked: "In the ancient times, everyone in the world knew that there was no etiquette at that time. Men and women had sex in the wild and gave birth to children without knowing their father. Do you know why you only know the mother but not the father?"

The concubine Mi blushed, and couldn't help but think about what happened this morning, and said in a low voice: "Because the mother gave birth to a child, she can be sure that it is her own. But...but it is difficult to say who the father is. Men are sixteen proficient, women ten Four transformations, as long as you are proficient in intercourse with a man and an incarnate woman, you may give birth to a child..."

The middle-aged man nodded and said: "By the way, this is our Mohist's explanation of the ancient times. You have never been married, and there are some things you don't know. I used to be in Zheng State, so I can be regarded as a small nobleman. You know we What was your wedding like?"

"It is said that when a woman sees her in the temple in March, she is called a coming woman. If a woman dies without seeing the temple, she will not be moved to her ancestors, and her son-in-law will be buried in the party of the woman's family, which means she is not a married woman. "

"No, it's not proper."

Mi, the concubine, was surprised and said, "This means... after marrying a wife, you can only go to worship your ancestors after three months? If the wife dies within three months, is she not considered a wife? The body must be sent back to her natal family." Burial? This...is this unreasonable?"

The middle-aged man laughed and said, "It's more than that. According to the etiquette of the nobles, intercourse is not allowed within three months of the wedding. Why can we worship the ancestors after three months?"

"Three months, if you have a child, you can see it. The so-called three months of pregnancy, three months of pregnancy, no matter how you can reveal it. Or a slightly enlarged stomach, or vomiting and acid regurgitation, you can't hide it anyway. to three months."

"During these three months, you can't have intercourse, just to test your virginity, to test whether this woman had someone else's child before marriage."

"So, if a woman dies within three months, she can't be regarded as her own wife or her own family, and the body should be sent back to her natal family for burial, even if it is thousands of miles away. This is a wedding."

"Since they think that the noble will always be noble and the humble will always be humble, so they naturally want to keep their blood pure."

The concubine Mi scratched her head and said, "I seem to have heard of such a rule, but I didn't expect it to be so complicated. But there is no such rule in Sishang, and the people don't think it's wrong..."

The middle-aged man couldn't help laughing again and said: "The princes and nobles say that the common people are also the sluts. There are no nobles on Sishang, only common people, so that in mid-spring, when men and women fall in love, they can't help themselves to matchmakers. How can they care about these things? Many people They haven't even slept with a woman in their life, so they care about this kind of etiquette?"

"That's why, the school said, the nobles have the morals of the nobles, the common people have the morals of the common people, the nobles have the rules and etiquette of the nobles, and the common people have the rules and etiquette of the common people."

"That's why, people who are not of my race must have different hearts. Princes, nobles and common people are not of the same clan, so how can they have the same rules?"

"Do you understand the elegant tone used by princes and nobles?"

The concubine Mi shook her head.

"Do you know how to use the table knife and fork used by princes and nobles?"

The concubine Mi shook her head again.

"Do you recognize the writing written by princes and nobles?"

The concubine Mi shook her head again.

"Did you wear the clothes of princes and nobles?"

The concubine Mi still shook her head.

"Can you understand the language of the Yi people in the distance?"

"No."

"Do you know how to use the tableware of the Yi people in the distance?"

"will not."

"Can you understand the characters written by the Yi people in the distance?"

"don't know."

"So, can a cow and a horse interbreed to produce a calf?"

"Can't."

"Then is it possible for you to marry a nobleman and have children?"

"no way."

"Then, people who are not my race must have a different heart. Are horses and cows that cannot interbreed and produce offspring a race?"

"No. But... if I marry a noble woman, I can actually have children, right? Isn't this the same as cattle and horses?"

The middle-aged man chuckled and said, "Yes. Then if I bring the sun closer, the winter will not be cold. 20 years ago, you were just a gangster. Can you marry a noble woman?"

Mi, the concubine, scratched her head and smiled, and the middle-aged man said again: "Every recruit must wear a pair of geese with a pair of geese. Did you bring two wild geese with you when you saw him on Sishang?"

Mi, the concubine, scratched her head again and said, "The wild geese are only easy to get in spring, even if I want to catch them now, I don't have any. I have seen two big white geese when I was hired, but usually I eat them at wedding banquets." Yeah."

The middle-aged man couldn't help laughing, and said with a smile: "That's why, aristocratic weddings must be in spring. The so-called marriage must be in spring. Spring is the time when heaven and earth commune, everything is born, and yin and yang are handed over. Since spring is married, , then naturally there are wild geese, and they can shoot and hunt as a dowry gift, the six arts of nobles have shooting."

"However, common people's weddings are mostly in autumn and winter. Where do wild geese come from in autumn and winter? There is a saying in "Poetry": 'The general has no anger, and autumn is the end'. The wedding of the gangsters will go to autumn and winter."

"Why do the common people use autumn and winter? Because the common people don't need wild geese, what they need is that autumn and winter happen to be busy for a whole year, the grain is harvested, and if they have surplus food, they can buy a piece of wine to entertain their relatives and friends, just in time for a wedding. Could it be that Get married during the busy season of harvesting, planting, and weeding?"

"This is what the school manager said. People can engage in music, morality, and etiquette only after they have solved the basic necessities of life. And etiquette often has a certain relationship with the material necessities of food, clothing, housing, and transportation. This requires us to study the will of the emperor of heaven and conclude. This is the essence of Zimozi's "festival burial", "frugal use" and "non-joy" - when the people of the world are still worrying about food, clothing, housing and transportation, there are people who burial richly, spend extravagantly, and drum music. That's why he's against it, not against the music itself."

"The nobles don't have crops, so of course they can get married in spring, but common people can't get married in spring, so they are sluts, and they are not inferior to common people. Marriage in spring is a gift of heaven and earth, but you common people don't abide by it, isn't it? Is it rude?"

The concubine Mi was angry, but she was even more puzzled.

"As you said, then, the gift of a nobleman is a color? But what is water? For example, wedding gifts are also used in weddings now. It is best to use buckskin or boots made of leather. Even commoners There are so many houses. So is this considered color? Or is it considered water?"

The middle-aged man asked back, "When Zimozi passed away, was he buried?"

The concubine Mi nodded and said, "Buried."

"After Zimozi passed away, did the Mo family wear mourning?"

"In mourning."

"Zimo Zi passed away, has the Mo family been in mourning for three years?"

"No, Zimozi has a saying, three days of mourning. After three days, everything will be as usual, don't affect normal life."

"Zimozi passed away. Can Qinzi, Xiaojie and others wear mourning clothes?"

"wore."

"Zimozi passed away. According to the so-called rituals of disciples, Qinzi, Xiaojie, etc., can the linen be approved as a piece of warp with 480 strands, and the linen clothes worn have [-] strands of warp?"

"No. In order to show universal love, the linen clothes are the same regardless of closeness and closeness. The warp thread used is [-] strands of normal linen. I think that in the future, it can be used to make clothes, furoshiki, and clothes for children, instead of just Three liters and six liters of rough flax that can be used to wear linen and wear mourning."

"There are people who express their condolences, but are there any who wear cotton instead of linen?"

"Yes, my father was wearing cotton cloth at the time, because linen cloth was not easy to buy at the time, but it was still white."

The middle-aged man said: "So, as far as funerals are concerned, what do you mean by water? What is color? Then isn't it the same for weddings?"

(End of this chapter)