Great Han Empire
Chapter 672 The Heroic Chapter in Troubled Times
Chapter 672
Jin Shang knew that Jizhou was in a difficult situation.After he left Huguan, he traveled all the way south, and all he saw along the way were refugees.Everyone knows what the consequences of the disaster will be.Just look at the continuous war disasters in the four prefectures of Ji, Yan, Qing, Xu, and Henan.Jin Shang understood the general's difficulties, so he saw that Li Hong was speechless for a long time, and immediately said: "If the general can't mobilize troops to go south with me, just give me a troop of troops. Just send me to Yanzhou Governor's Department. "
The governor of Yanzhou is located in Changyi City, the prefecture of Shanyang County. After crossing the river, it is necessary to cross the Dongjun and Jiyin counties of Yanzhou, which is a long way.Li Hong thought for a while, then shook his head, "Since the Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army defeated the Yanzhou Army in Jibei Kingdom and killed Liu Dai, the governor of Yanzhou, their morale has been high, and their attack momentum is very fierce. Dongjun and Jiyin are very unsafe, and there is no army escort. , your life cannot be guaranteed. I am ordered by the Son of Heaven to send you safely to Yanzhou and help you defeat the Yellow Turban Army, so this matter cannot be rushed. In my opinion, you should wait a little longer. As long as Gongsun Zan returns to Youzhou state, the Northern Frontier Army can move south quickly."
Jin Shang is in his 40s, tall, with a broad forehead and a long beard.He is a Gaoling native of Fengyi County in Guanzhong. He studied with Ma Rong, a scholar in Guanzhong in his early years, and he was old friends with Ma Ridun and Lu Zhi.When he heard that the Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army was raging in Yanzhou, he became even more anxious.
"Yuanxiu, you stay in Handan for the time being, don't rush to go south to Yanzhou." Lu Zhi arrived in Jizhou after a long journey, his body became weaker, and he spoke weakly, "Don't think that it is a simple matter to go to Yanzhou to be the governor. A little carelessness will bring disaster to Jizhou. The current situation is very unfavorable to Jizhou, and it will affect the whole body. You have to figure out everything before deciding when to go south. Don’t just cross the Yellow River and kill a person. Sent away."
Jin Shang didn't take it seriously, "Although Zhang Miao, Yuan Yi, Wu Zi and others are not very close friends, I believe they won't embarrass me. They will always obey the emperor's edict, right?"
"Yuanxiu, have you been brainwashed by the blood in Chang'an?" Yang Qi glared at him fiercely, "If they respected the emperor and obeyed the emperor's edict, how could the world be in such chaos today? My friend? Do you still have friends now? Are friends still trustworthy?" He pointed at Cui Lie angrily and said, "I just turned my back, and Master Cui raised his butcher knife. This is my friend who has been with me for decades."
Cui Lie remained calm and innocent.Li Hong looked embarrassed and smiled wryly.
Jin Shang looked around, feeling uneasy and hesitant.
"Brother Weng (Ma Rixun) has gone to Youzhou, and I think we will hear back soon. You should wait in Handan first." Chen Ji also persuaded, "The situation in Yanzhou is complicated. Now Cao Cao is the prefect of each county in Yanzhou. , with the support of the Prime Minister of the State, he called himself the shepherd of Yanzhou and was in charge of the military affairs of Yanzhou, so this Yanzhou cannot be set foot casually. Now the general is ordered to supervise the six prefectures and four counties. In my opinion, it is better to ask the general to write a letter to Cao Cao first. See what he has to say."
Everyone felt that this idea was good, and they all spoke in agreement.
"In your private capacity, write a letter to Chenliu's prefect Zhang Miao, Jiyin's prefect Wu Zi, Shanyang's prefect Yuan Yi, and Chenliu's great Confucianist Bian Rang." Zhang Wen pointed to Chen Ji and said, "We will start from Get to know Yanzhou in many ways. If the officials of the counties and states in Yanzhou have the heart to respect the emperor, then there will be a turning point for this matter."
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Li Hong sent Jin Shang out of the big tent, and let Ren Ren take dozens of black panthers to escort Jin Shang to Handan City to meet the eldest princess.
When he lifted the curtain again and walked into the big tent, there was already a commotion inside the big tent.These formerly famous Hanzhu kingdoms all blushed, accusing each other, disregarding their respected status, even the 84-year-old Zhao Qi roared like thunder, his voice was particularly sonorous.
Li Hong stood at the door of the large tent, listening quietly, with a gloomy face.
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Snatching back the land from the powerful and rich is really easy to say, but what happens after it is snatched back?Is it true that these rich and powerful people will no longer buy land?Wouldn't it be possible to conceal the real property and evade taxes?Will government offices at all levels be able to deal with them impartially and stop taking bribes and breaking the law?Will the people who rent and plant the land be able to live and work in peace and contentment from now on, and will no longer abandon the land and be displaced?Obviously, this is impossible.
The law of the Han Dynasty is in hand, there are laws to follow, and there are laws to follow, but why is land annexation repeatedly prohibited and intensified?Even in the midst of the Yellow Turban Army's rampant attack, there are still powerful and rich people who are still buying and plundering land?
Some refugees rent the land of the rich and powerful, because the rich and powerful impose taxes on them. They have worked hard for a year and still have nothing. It is understandable for these people to abandon the land, but why do some refugees even have land at home?
Judging from the experience of farming in northern Xinjiang in the past few years, land annexation and official corruption should be the main reasons why people abandon the land on which they live. What can be done by authority requires severe punishment, continuous improvement of national policies, more honest and loyal officials, and too many things.
As far as Jizhou is concerned, the most important thing at present is not to fight land mergers, because Li Hong has already acted vigorously and ordered Zhao Yun, Jiang Wu, Yang Feng, Sun Qin, Wang Dang and others to lead the army to start clearing the land, and it is too late to stop it.At present, for Jizhou, the most important thing is how to ensure that the laws of the Han Dynasty are strictly observed, the land will no longer be merged in large quantities, the government will no longer be corrupt to the extreme, and the people will no longer abandon the land.
The scale of land clearing and the targets of attack can be controlled within a certain range and within a certain period of time, but it is very complicated, difficult and takes a long time to ensure the results of this attack on land mergers and strive to maintain the stability of Jizhou. long time thing.
The old ministers in the tent are arguing about this matter, and arguing about formulating and revising national policies.
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Veteran ministers like Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi, Ding Gong, Chen Ji, Cai Yong, and Zhao Qi are well versed in state affairs. They also know that in order to stabilize Jizhou, the refugees must be resolved, and that to resolve the refugees, the land annexation issue must be resolved. They ask themselves whether they have the determination and ability Solve this puzzle.
Li Hong was determined. He used powerful force to attack and govern in a short period of time, but the serious crisis it brought about was enough to overthrow Jizhou.Li Hong may not have considered this point enough, but the veterans are very clear about it.
After getting the news from Li Wei, the veterans immediately chose to go south to Jizhou without hesitation.Zhang Wen and Lu Zhi even invited Zhao Qi to Jizhou together.
On the night when the eldest princess and her party arrived in Handan, Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi and other ministers discussed with Li Hong about restructuring, and the discussion lasted all night.
The purpose of the veterans' visit to Jizhou was not to prevent Li Hong from cracking down on land mergers, nor to persuade the rich and wealthy in Jizhou to take the initiative to pay taxes by virtue of their connections. The opportunity to implement their long-awaited restructuring.The revision of the national policy requires a process of exploration and practice, and then it needs to be revised and improved many times according to the advantages and disadvantages of it, and Jizhou just provides them with such a rare opportunity.
In the minds of today's scholars, there is a common understanding that there are many reasons for the rapid decline and defeat of the great Han, but there is only one way, and that is to reform.To reform the system requires power, so the root cause of the two disasters of party imprisonment was the struggle for power between the scholars and the emperor.Now that the great man has come to the point of being overthrown, reforming the system is the only way to restore the country. Even if all the rebellions in the world are quelled by force, the national power must be strengthened through reforming, so no matter how great the contradictions among scholars are, They are absolutely in step with each other and highly unified in the matter of reforming a powerful country, and the scholars are full of passion and hope for this.As long as the restructuring does not seriously affect their own major interests, scholars from various factions are very willing to gather under the banner of restructuring and be loyal to the country.
This time, more than 100 officials at all levels accompanied the eldest princess to Jizhou. This shows the status of the reform in the minds of scholars.
Last year, the restructuring of Jinyang started from the basic official study of the national policy, but it failed.If it fails, there will be a lesson, and the veterans immediately changed their strategy and started restructuring from the national policy.Since it is difficult to shake the foundation of official education, we should adjust the direction and start the restructuring from the complicated system.
No matter how complicated the system of the Han Dynasty is, in the final analysis it is the bureaucratic system, the wealth system, the selection system, the official school system, the legal system, etc., but these are the most important ones. No matter which one is changed, it will affect To the fate of Sheji.
Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi and others put forward a package of restructuring strategies, the purpose of which is to "integrate Confucianism and Legalism, and rule the country by law."In this package of restructuring strategies, the four specific administrative measures of "grand rites and laws, light taxation and low corvettes, meritocracy, severe punishment and severe punishment" are highlighted, especially the principle of "severe punishment and severe punishment, and heavy codes should be used in troubled times". The law of immutability can be seen everywhere in all restructuring strategies.
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In order to respect the law in a dignified manner, major adjustments must be gradually made in the official school.Since it is an adjustment, the academic contradictions between Jinwen Confucianism and Ancient Chinese Confucianism will not be severely intensified in the short term. and implement restructuring strategies.
The purpose of light taxation and light corvee is to enrich the people and strengthen the country, but judging from the current situation, it is very unrealistic to rely solely on farming to strengthen the national power in a short period of time and defeat the rebellion all over the world. Therefore, according to the experience of governing northern Xinjiang, the veterans still decided to implement At the beginning of the dynasty, the policy of paying equal attention to agriculture, industry and commerce was to fully and completely liberalize various industries such as salt, iron and tea, and encourage business.There is a big difference between the merchants of today and the merchants of the past.In the past few decades of the Great Han Dynasty, rich and wealthy merchants who have sold officials and vassals (yu) have either entered the "scholar" loan or become the family of officials, and their status has long been different from what it used to be.Officials and businessmen have been mixed together in today's big Han, and the boundaries are blurred. This "businessman" can't be banned even if he wants to, but it will cause the court to lose a lot of tax profits. income.Only when the national treasury has money can it relieve the victims, send troops to suppress the rebellion, and only then can the tax be light and the corvees light.
The meritocracy is the gist of the talent selection system of the Han Dynasty. It has been like this for nearly 400 years, but why it was impossible to select outstanding talents later, which led to the extreme corruption of officials. , Guo Tai, Xu Shao and other celebrities commented on the weirdness of being an official?
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The selection system of this dynasty is called the township election in history. Talented people can enter the office through three ways.
One is irregular. For example, when the old emperor dies and the new emperor ascends the throne, the new emperor often issues an edict ordering the states and counties to recommend virtuous people to the imperial court.Another example is that in times of famine, the emperor will often issue edicts hoping that the localities will recommend sages to serve the court.This kind of selection is irregular, and there is no fixed recommending organization.Local counties and counties can be cited, as can the Sangong Jiuqing and the court officials.
The second is a special selection, which is also irregular.For example, if the imperial court wanted to send envoys to the Xiongnu, it needed talents who could speak the Hun language and be able to endure hardships. The emperor often issued edicts to solicit special talents such as Xiaoxi water control and astronomy.If you think you have the talent in this area, you can bootstrap it.Officials at all levels can also recommend.
There is also a regular selection, which is the election of Xiaolian.The so-called investigation of filial piety refers to the local sheriff's chief recommending to the imperial court after finding filial sons and honest officials in the local area. This system began with Emperor Xiaowu and has been in use until now.There are more than 100 counties in this dynasty, and more than 200 Xiaolian are recommended to the court every year.When these people arrived at the court, they could not become officials immediately like virtuous people. Most of them were placed in the palace Lang's office as Lang officials.Ten years later, there were more than 2000.In the past, there were only about 2000 guards and guards in the imperial palace. After 30 to [-] years since the establishment of the system, all the officials in the imperial palace have become filial and incorruptible.Most of these prefectures are filial and honest, and most of them were born as supplementary officials who graduated from Taixue.So after Emperor Xiaowu, all the officials in this dynasty gradually became scholars.
The system at that time was very good.A young man went to Taixue to study. After completing his studies, he went to a local county to be a small official.After getting the grades, they will be selected to the imperial court by the chief of the prefecture, and then they will officially become an official after passing the examination prescribed by the imperial court.This was the only right way to enter politics at that time.Almost all the officials of the imperial court came from this way.Since Emperor Xiaozhao and Emperor Xiaoxuan started this dynasty, the successive prime ministers were all scholars. Their backgrounds were all selected from the local area.
However, this system changed a lot after Emperor Guangwu.
There are too many talents in Lang's office, and there are countless talents to be distributed and appointed. Therefore, the irregular selection and special selection system of the dynasty was shelved, and the official career was only left to Xiaolian Chaju.But even so, there are still more and more people, so the imperial court ordered the district examination and examination, and then evolved to distribute according to the number of household registrations, and the system was fixed quota examination and examination.At that time, only 20 households in the county and country could be prosecuted for a Xiaolian, so Xiaolian became a sought-after item, which completely lost the original meaning of being a filial son and an honest official.Later, because of fraudulent entrustment, the imperial court was forced to add another test after the examination of Xiaolian. In this way, the original intention of examining Xiaolian was completely lost.
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In the selection of talents in this dynasty, the first thing to do is to study in the Taixue, so that you can get the status of a supplementary official.Only after being a supplementary official can he be qualified for investigation.The four stages of education to administrative practice, administrative practice to selection, selection to examination, and examination to appointment seem reasonable, but the disadvantages are enormous.
In this era, the poor cannot afford to read books, and ordinary scholars have very few opportunities to read.
First of all, books are not easy to get.Books at this time were all written in bamboo and silk, with very little paper.Even paper is extremely valuable. (At this time there was no printing technique, and it was not until the Tang and Song Dynasties that printing began.) Ancient books had to be copied, and a piece of bamboo slips could only contain about [-] characters.Copying a book costs a lot.Silk is a silk fabric, its preciousness can be imagined, and most people don't have it at all.
Even if you have bamboo slips and silk, you have no books.To copy a book, you have to travel thousands of miles to find a teacher.Having said that, if the teacher doesn't accept you, where will you copy the books?Therefore, in this era, studying and studying is an extremely luxurious thing, and ordinary poor people dare not even think about it.
Of course, if you come from a family of scholars, then the problem with this book will be solved.Although the titles of this dynasty cannot be hereditary, the inheritance of books is a matter of course and no one can interfere.With the books of generations, there is Confucianism for generations, and with Confucianism for generations, one can become an official for generations.For example, people like Xu Shao, if you don't become an official, the emperor will force you to be an official.Therefore, knowledge and books are actually power and wealth.This is the reason why a house full of gold is not as good as a legacy.At that time, a student family could easily become an official family, and an official family was a wealthy and powerful family.
If there is an official in the family who has achieved two thousand shi, he will have the right to inspect and act as the prefect of a county.Those who have been inspected by him are his disciples and old officials.After these people became prosperous, they always wanted to report some personal favors to the old master, and they would inevitably punish his descendants.The number of Xiaolian people in each county is limited, so this limited quota falls on a few limited families.These limited families became the so-called aristocratic families.Every county has these aristocratic families, and as they become more and more prosperous, more and more people are officials in this county.From this, it can be imagined that in this environment, official corruption has become inevitable.
A good system has turned into a bad system, especially this kind of system that is related to the rise and fall of the dynasty and the rise and fall of the country has deteriorated, and the Han Dynasty will inevitably decline.
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It is easy to say that only talent is promoted, and it has been said for hundreds of years, but it turns out that this "talent" exists, but this "practice" has problems.
It is very difficult to truly achieve meritocracy, and the contradiction between "talent" and "excellence" is very prominent.
Those who can study now are from good families, but they cannot study without money.
So far, I heard that cattle herders have not only studied, but also become officials. At present, there is only Yu Chengxian, one of the six sages of Yuzhou, commented by Xu Shao.But this Yu Chengxian was a pastoral supervisor in the village before being commented by Xu Shao, not a cattle herder and a cart driver.It's like He Jin is not a butcher. He is actually a scholar, but his status is low.However, because of his low status and financial difficulties, he did not have the opportunity to study in the Taixue, and immediately lost the possibility of being prosecuted.However, having said that, there are very few such people after all. The real scholars more or less have a certain amount of property, and this kind of people are more or less inextricably linked with the rich and powerful.
"Ju" and "ju" go, and they are people from aristocratic families, such as the Yuan and Xu clans in Runan, the Xun clan in Yingchuan, the Yang clan in Kansai, and the Horse clan in Guanzhong. Dozens of officials?
Confucianism is the golden rice bowl of the aristocratic family, and the inspection system is the brocade box to maintain this golden rice bowl. Breaking any of them is directly related to the interests of the aristocratic family. Therefore, how to achieve meritocracy has become the key to implementing and ensuring the success of the reform.If no one implements and maintains the policy of restructuring, it will be difficult for the country to rejuvenate.
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Veteran ministers such as Zhang Wen and Lu Zhi once convened celebrities and Confucian scholars in the Jinyang University Hall to discuss this issue in depth.
Xu Shao was once a well-known commentator in this dynasty, and the "Yuedan Commentary" hosted by him is well-known all over the world. The talents he commented and recommended have proved to be very good.He is now vigorously promoting the township appraisal in Taiyuan County, trying to combine the township appraisal with the inspection system to ensure that the recommended people are all real talents to the greatest extent.
The so-called township commentary refers to some local famous Confucian scholars who use public opinion and their own reputation to judge people, so as to influence the selection orientation of the government, and then manipulate public opinion to advance and retreat people.Scholars, on the other hand, used the moral standards required by Confucianism such as granting titles, promoting wealth, appointing appointments, and long-term funerals to win the affirmation of the township appraisal and thus obtain official careers.
This was very popular after the first party ban, and township reviews in many places gradually became the center of "clear discussions" among celebrities and the authority for recommending talents.For example, the "Yuedan Review" hosted by brothers Xu Shao and Xu Jing.After the second disaster of the party, the traitors who were in charge of the government at that time felt that more and more township reviews in various places were harmful to them, so under their auspices, they forcibly banned township reviews in various places.
After Xu Shao arrived in Jinyang, due to the lack of talents in northern Xinjiang, he and Zhao Qi, Cai Yong, Wang Jian and other famous scholars once again carried out township appraisal, hoping to find more talents.
Facts over the past few years have proved that this selection method combining township evaluation and inspection is very effective.This is how many humble scholars who fled to northern Xinjiang with refugees and lost everything due to the Yellow Turban catastrophe were discovered in this way, which alleviated the crisis of extreme shortage of talents in northern Xinjiang to a certain extent.
Drawing on Xu Shao's successful experience, Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi and others immediately decided to use the method of combining township appraisal and the procuratorate system to correct the shortcomings of the procuratorate system, but this method to a certain extent attacked and contained the aristocratic families The monopoly of power, so this system that can be successfully implemented in northern Xinjiang has encountered great resistance in Jizhou.
Cui Lie, Yang Qi, Chen Ji, Wang Ze, Guo Yun, Wei Gu, Zhang Fan, Huang Yue, Ma Feng and many other dignitaries who participated in the restructuring discussion expressed their opposition in unison.
Cui Lie is from the Cui clan in Jizhou, Yang Qi is from the Yang clan in Kansai, Chen Ji is from the Chen clan in Yingchuan, Wang Ze is from the Wang clan in Taiyuan, and Guo Yun is from the Guo clan in Taiyuan. People, the famous party member Guo Tai Guo Linzong is from his family.Wei Gu is a member of the Hedong Wei Clan.The Zhang Fan family is a family in Hanoi.Huang Yue's family belonged to Jiangxia, Jingzhou, his uncle was Huang Wan, and his great-grandfather was Huang Qiong, each more famous than the other.Ma Feng is a descendant of the Guanzhong clan and the nephew of Ma Rixun.
So many descendants of famous aristocratic families raised objections together, and the momentum was very powerful.They believe that the township reviews existed and were able to play a role in the past, mainly as a means used by the party members to resist rape and eunuchs, and later facts proved that they were indeed very effective.Now that the eunuchs are gone, the emperor and the court are held hostage by traitors, and everyone is working hard to revitalize the country, so why do you still engage in township reviews?After all, township reviews can control public opinion to a certain extent, which is not good for the stability of the community.
The views of the two sides are too different, and quarrels are inevitable.
The selection system is directly related to the rejuvenation of the country and the continuous and correct implementation of national policies, so Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi and others refused to make concessions.
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When the eldest princess left for Jizhou, Li Wei urgently wrote to Li Hong, which also mentioned the restructuring.
In his opinion, it is beyond reproach that reforming the system can rejuvenate the country. As for how to reform, no one knows, and we have to move forward by groping. Therefore, he begged Li Hong, as long as it is conducive to saving and revitalizing the country, it can help the people to eat well. We firmly support the restructuring of wearing warm clothes.If the system reform is successful, both the big man and the people will benefit. If it fails, if the system is reformed again, there will always be a way to rejuvenate the country and a way to feed and clothe the people.What the predecessors can do, we can also succeed.
Li Wei has a positive attitude towards the selection method that combines township evaluation and inspection.
In this dynasty, powerful families, Confucian scholars and celebrities often judge a person according to their grades.Then the scholars will become officials according to this grade. This has become the practice of this dynasty, and it can also be said to be a system of selecting scholars.This method of judging people based on grades originated from Master Ban Gu.Master Ban Gu vigorously advocated the view of the three grades of sex in his "Hanshu" in the "Gu Nian Biao". Yipin is divided into three classes. This method of evaluating characters has a great influence on later generations and has continued to this day with a history of more than 100 years.
Township appraisal is actually a family of aristocrats who divide scholars into different levels according to the power and wealth of the person being judged, and then according to their character and ability, and share the power of being an official in turn.For example, Xu Shao once commented on Cao Cao as "a capable minister in governing the world, and a traitor in troubled times". If Cao Cao was not from a prominent official family, but from a dilapidated family of petty officials, Xu Shao would never have said the same thing.
Similarly, the reason why "Yuedan Ping" is famous all over the world is not because Xu Shao and Xu Jing have good vision and greater knowledge than others, but because the Xu clan is behind "Yuedan Ping".To be affirmed by the Yuedan Review is equivalent to being affirmed by the Xu Clan. Of course, the official career of the person who has been evaluated will be smooth sailing.
This kind of township appraisal is still very beneficial to the selection of talents, especially the poor.Take me for example, I have neither family background nor money, I only have a high-ranking teacher, if I hadn’t met a great general, I would have been just a small government official throughout my life, but if I could be judged by Mr. Xu Shao After a while, it is estimated that the carp will be able to leap over the dragon's gate, and his worth will rise sharply.Another example is Xu Mazi, the son of the former Master Situ Xu Xiang, who has a lot of evil deeds. If he is judged to be worthless by the township, Xu Xiang will probably be embarrassed to bring this son out to embarrass him.The same goes for Yuan Shu.This person has the nickname of "Yuan Changshui, the fierce ghost on the road" in the capital. If he was badly criticized by Xu Shao in the early years, it is estimated that he will not have a bright future now.
The selection of township appraisal is very open and transparent, which is very different from the closed and opaque inspection system, but the disadvantages of township appraisal are also obvious.The aristocratic family is powerful and powerful, and they themselves participate in it, so they can control the influence of the township review within a certain range at any time, otherwise people like Yuan Shu and Xu Dazi would not be able to embark on official careers.
Li Wei believes that the current emperor and the imperial court are held hostage in Guanzhong, and the states and counties in various places support their own self-respect. The inspection system has been abandoned virtually, and we are extremely short of available talents, so we select through a combination of township evaluation and inspection. Talent has become the only way, otherwise, when the reform touches the interests of the rich and powerful, the new system will not be implemented, and ZTE's great cause will be severely hindered.
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In his letters, Li Wei repeatedly warned Li Hong that due to the current tense situation and the imminent task of countering the rebellion, the military and political officials in northern Xinjiang and Jizhou must vigorously purge them, and those who have serious differences of opinion with the Great Sima and the General's Office Therefore, we must take advantage of the two opportunities of the abolition of the Jinyang court and the reform of the national policy to eliminate them all, so as to prevent these people from causing trouble in Hebei in the future and shake the great cause of ZTE.
But different views do not mean that these people have no knowledge or talent. Generals can fully rely on their prominent family status, power, wealth and prestige, and direct their enthusiasm for rejuvenating the country to academic research and talent evaluation. The development of Confucian classics and various other academics, and the selection of talents are what ZTE needs most urgently, and it is also the most lacking at present. Therefore, the general can get both fish and bear's paw.
Li Wei's idea is very attractive, but it is extremely difficult to actually implement it.
Li Hong originally thought that after winning Jizhou and alleviating the crisis in northern Xinjiang, he would be getting closer to the great cause of ZTE, but now it seems that it is not getting closer, but far away.Compared with running a country and fighting a war, the difficulty of the two is very different. I often feel exhausted and unable to support myself.When will the situation be better and governing the country easier?
At present, the generals in northern Xinjiang are all powerful generals who have followed him for many years. Although there are many factions and frictions occur from time to time, they have not endangered the stability of the army. The frequent replacement of generals has played a certain role.
However, many big officials in northern Xinjiang do not have many factions and sharp conflicts, but have major differences in governance strategies.There is no way to resolve this disagreement. The only way is to let those who have different political views leave the Da Sima and the General’s Mansion. Li Hong felt a headache.
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The most powerful civil servants in northern Xinjiang are this group of veterans from the Chang'an court, and they are also the backbone of the restructuring and rejuvenation of the community.
Since the eldest princess is no longer in charge of state affairs, the Jinyang court was abolished, and a group of ministers who originally belonged to the eldest princess's mansion immediately transferred to the Hushi general's mansion.The reason is very simple. With the abolition of the imperial court, Beijiang is no longer obliged to provide salaries to these ministers, as long as the eldest princess's food is supplemented.The eldest princess couldn't afford to support so many ministers, and the ministers lost their salaries, and the problem became serious.Ministers also have to eat and support their families. Without money, it is absolutely impossible.So Li Hong asked them to have a place in the General Hussar's Mansion and get a salary. They all belonged to the Eldest Princess's Mansion. General's mansion to do things.
These people went to Jizhou one after another, especially ministers such as Ma Rixun and Cui Lie, who made great efforts to stabilize Jizhou.Li Hong dared not move these people no matter what, he was not even qualified to move.When Li Hong returned to Lulongsai and was still a scout, Cui Lie was Situ of the imperial court, Zhang Wen was Sikong, Yuan Pang was Zhijinwu, Gai Xun was Jing Zhaoyin, Ma Rike was Taixue Dajiu, Lu Zhi is a minister.One is in the sky and the other is underground.Now that he is a big official and in power, he dares to drive out the veterans publicly.Li Hong didn't even dare to think about this idea.
There is another biggest force in northern Xinjiang, namely Li Wei, Yu Peng, Xie Ming, Song Wen, Tang Yun, Yin Si, Tian Chou, and Tian Yu, who were the first to follow him.Now these people are in the most important positions in Northern Xinjiang, they are the core strength of Northern Xinjiang, and they are the people Li Hong relies on most.This force also includes Zhao Qi, Xu Shao, Wang Jian, Zhu Mu and other scholars who first came to northern Xinjiang to help him, as well as Tang Fang and a group of officials from the original Bingzhou government, as well as Zuo Yan and Huang Ting. , Tian Wan, and Kong Xuan, these Yellow Turban scholars, have made great contributions to the farming of northern Xinjiang and the stability and development of northern Xinjiang.Li Hong trusted them very much. When Li Hong went to the desert, it was their hard work in the rear that helped the army recover the border counties and conquer the Hu people.
Several other forces in northern Xinjiang are also very eye-catching.Some people came to northern Xinjiang one after another. For example, Qianzhao and Shi Lu belonged to the former chariot general He Miao, Liu Gong and Li Li belonged to the former Jizhou Mu Han Fu, and Liu Fan and Liu Fang belonged to Grand Tutor Liu Yu came here on recommendation, Ding Li was recommended by Zhu Jun, Zhang Fan and Xing Yong came with the eldest princess.These people are now in high positions in northern Xinjiang.
But those who directly affect the safety of Northern Xinjiang are the rich and powerful and their protégés, including Guo Yun, Wang Rou, Wang Ze, Linghu Shao, Wei Gu, Fan Xian, Xu Ling, Qu Zhong, Sun capital.All of them are people with deep roots, and some of them even hold the lifeline of the wealth of Northern Xinjiang in their hands, and none of them can move casually.
Among these major forces, because of their different identities, different regions of origin, different academic views, different political opinions, etc., they are divided into many intertwined small forces.
The more Li Hong thought about it, the more his head hurt, and he couldn't help cursing bitterly, "This bastard Zhong Yuan, why didn't he come to Jizhou?"
Standing next to him, Zheng Yan gave Li Hong a strange look, and whispered, "General, do you want to call Master Li urgently?"
"No, no..." Li Hong waved his hands again and again, "I just thought of him and cursed casually."
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In mid-July, Yanzhou, Sanyang County, and Changyi City.
Under the leadership of Sima Ju, the Yellow Turban Army of Qingzhou, after conquering Dongping, did not return to Qingzhou as expected, but suddenly went south to join forces with Sun Guanbu who attacked Xuzhou, and stormed Donghai County in Xuzhou.
Tao Qian, governor of Xuzhou, couldn't resist, and asked for help from Cao Cao, the governor of Yanzhou, Zhang Miao, the prefect of Chenliu County, Yuan Yi, the prefect of Shanyang County, and Zheng Sui, the minister of Ren Chengguo. Before Cao Cao could make a decision on whether to rescue, Xu He, the leader of the Yellow Turban Army, asked He led his army to Ren Chengguo.
The Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army once again showed its sharp attack power. Its sharpness was unstoppable. It even Kefan County and Rencheng roared up along the Sishui River.
Cao Cao, Zhang Miao, Yuan Yi, Bao Xin, and Wu Zi hastily assembled troops and went to Rencheng to support them.The Yanzhou army suffered heavy losses after the defeat in Jibei. Its [-] troops were mainly composed of Cao Cao's Dongjun troops and Zhang Miao's Chenliu army, and there were almost no troops in the rest of the counties.
However, when they hurried to Kangfu City, what they saw was not Xu He's Yellow Turban Army, they also saw Sima Ju and Sun Guan's two Yellow Turban Army.
Cao Cao was so angry that he cursed, Tao Qian, an old man, dared to help the Yellow Turban Army to deceive us.
10,000+ Yellow Turban Army swarmed up and surrounded the Yanzhou Army at Nanyang Lake (now north of Weishan Lake, Shandong Province) on the outskirts of Kangfu.
Cao Cao led the army to fight a bloody road, broke through the encirclement, and lost half of the [-] army.
The Yanzhou Army retreated to Changyi City in Sanyang County.Cao Cao asked Yuan Shao in Luoyang for help.
At this time, Li Hong's letter arrived.After Cao Cao read it, he threw the letter aside, pointed to the courier who came to deliver the letter and said, "Go back and tell your general that Yanzhou is mine now, and tell that Jin Shang to go back to Chang'an. If he dares to set foot in Yanzhou, I will kill him." cut him."
Xun Yu picked up the letter and looked at it, with a worried expression on his face, "My lord, the general is going to take advantage of the fire to loot and enter Yanzhou."
Cao Cao sighed helplessly, "No matter how urgent you are, Brother Shuben, send troops to help immediately, otherwise, Yanzhou will belong to the leopard."
Xun Yu hesitated for a long time, and said slowly: "At this time, what is important is not only the reinforcements, but also the confidence of the officials in Yanzhou's counties in your lord. Your lord urgently needs a victory."
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(End of this chapter)
Jin Shang knew that Jizhou was in a difficult situation.After he left Huguan, he traveled all the way south, and all he saw along the way were refugees.Everyone knows what the consequences of the disaster will be.Just look at the continuous war disasters in the four prefectures of Ji, Yan, Qing, Xu, and Henan.Jin Shang understood the general's difficulties, so he saw that Li Hong was speechless for a long time, and immediately said: "If the general can't mobilize troops to go south with me, just give me a troop of troops. Just send me to Yanzhou Governor's Department. "
The governor of Yanzhou is located in Changyi City, the prefecture of Shanyang County. After crossing the river, it is necessary to cross the Dongjun and Jiyin counties of Yanzhou, which is a long way.Li Hong thought for a while, then shook his head, "Since the Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army defeated the Yanzhou Army in Jibei Kingdom and killed Liu Dai, the governor of Yanzhou, their morale has been high, and their attack momentum is very fierce. Dongjun and Jiyin are very unsafe, and there is no army escort. , your life cannot be guaranteed. I am ordered by the Son of Heaven to send you safely to Yanzhou and help you defeat the Yellow Turban Army, so this matter cannot be rushed. In my opinion, you should wait a little longer. As long as Gongsun Zan returns to Youzhou state, the Northern Frontier Army can move south quickly."
Jin Shang is in his 40s, tall, with a broad forehead and a long beard.He is a Gaoling native of Fengyi County in Guanzhong. He studied with Ma Rong, a scholar in Guanzhong in his early years, and he was old friends with Ma Ridun and Lu Zhi.When he heard that the Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army was raging in Yanzhou, he became even more anxious.
"Yuanxiu, you stay in Handan for the time being, don't rush to go south to Yanzhou." Lu Zhi arrived in Jizhou after a long journey, his body became weaker, and he spoke weakly, "Don't think that it is a simple matter to go to Yanzhou to be the governor. A little carelessness will bring disaster to Jizhou. The current situation is very unfavorable to Jizhou, and it will affect the whole body. You have to figure out everything before deciding when to go south. Don’t just cross the Yellow River and kill a person. Sent away."
Jin Shang didn't take it seriously, "Although Zhang Miao, Yuan Yi, Wu Zi and others are not very close friends, I believe they won't embarrass me. They will always obey the emperor's edict, right?"
"Yuanxiu, have you been brainwashed by the blood in Chang'an?" Yang Qi glared at him fiercely, "If they respected the emperor and obeyed the emperor's edict, how could the world be in such chaos today? My friend? Do you still have friends now? Are friends still trustworthy?" He pointed at Cui Lie angrily and said, "I just turned my back, and Master Cui raised his butcher knife. This is my friend who has been with me for decades."
Cui Lie remained calm and innocent.Li Hong looked embarrassed and smiled wryly.
Jin Shang looked around, feeling uneasy and hesitant.
"Brother Weng (Ma Rixun) has gone to Youzhou, and I think we will hear back soon. You should wait in Handan first." Chen Ji also persuaded, "The situation in Yanzhou is complicated. Now Cao Cao is the prefect of each county in Yanzhou. , with the support of the Prime Minister of the State, he called himself the shepherd of Yanzhou and was in charge of the military affairs of Yanzhou, so this Yanzhou cannot be set foot casually. Now the general is ordered to supervise the six prefectures and four counties. In my opinion, it is better to ask the general to write a letter to Cao Cao first. See what he has to say."
Everyone felt that this idea was good, and they all spoke in agreement.
"In your private capacity, write a letter to Chenliu's prefect Zhang Miao, Jiyin's prefect Wu Zi, Shanyang's prefect Yuan Yi, and Chenliu's great Confucianist Bian Rang." Zhang Wen pointed to Chen Ji and said, "We will start from Get to know Yanzhou in many ways. If the officials of the counties and states in Yanzhou have the heart to respect the emperor, then there will be a turning point for this matter."
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Li Hong sent Jin Shang out of the big tent, and let Ren Ren take dozens of black panthers to escort Jin Shang to Handan City to meet the eldest princess.
When he lifted the curtain again and walked into the big tent, there was already a commotion inside the big tent.These formerly famous Hanzhu kingdoms all blushed, accusing each other, disregarding their respected status, even the 84-year-old Zhao Qi roared like thunder, his voice was particularly sonorous.
Li Hong stood at the door of the large tent, listening quietly, with a gloomy face.
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Snatching back the land from the powerful and rich is really easy to say, but what happens after it is snatched back?Is it true that these rich and powerful people will no longer buy land?Wouldn't it be possible to conceal the real property and evade taxes?Will government offices at all levels be able to deal with them impartially and stop taking bribes and breaking the law?Will the people who rent and plant the land be able to live and work in peace and contentment from now on, and will no longer abandon the land and be displaced?Obviously, this is impossible.
The law of the Han Dynasty is in hand, there are laws to follow, and there are laws to follow, but why is land annexation repeatedly prohibited and intensified?Even in the midst of the Yellow Turban Army's rampant attack, there are still powerful and rich people who are still buying and plundering land?
Some refugees rent the land of the rich and powerful, because the rich and powerful impose taxes on them. They have worked hard for a year and still have nothing. It is understandable for these people to abandon the land, but why do some refugees even have land at home?
Judging from the experience of farming in northern Xinjiang in the past few years, land annexation and official corruption should be the main reasons why people abandon the land on which they live. What can be done by authority requires severe punishment, continuous improvement of national policies, more honest and loyal officials, and too many things.
As far as Jizhou is concerned, the most important thing at present is not to fight land mergers, because Li Hong has already acted vigorously and ordered Zhao Yun, Jiang Wu, Yang Feng, Sun Qin, Wang Dang and others to lead the army to start clearing the land, and it is too late to stop it.At present, for Jizhou, the most important thing is how to ensure that the laws of the Han Dynasty are strictly observed, the land will no longer be merged in large quantities, the government will no longer be corrupt to the extreme, and the people will no longer abandon the land.
The scale of land clearing and the targets of attack can be controlled within a certain range and within a certain period of time, but it is very complicated, difficult and takes a long time to ensure the results of this attack on land mergers and strive to maintain the stability of Jizhou. long time thing.
The old ministers in the tent are arguing about this matter, and arguing about formulating and revising national policies.
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Veteran ministers like Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi, Ding Gong, Chen Ji, Cai Yong, and Zhao Qi are well versed in state affairs. They also know that in order to stabilize Jizhou, the refugees must be resolved, and that to resolve the refugees, the land annexation issue must be resolved. They ask themselves whether they have the determination and ability Solve this puzzle.
Li Hong was determined. He used powerful force to attack and govern in a short period of time, but the serious crisis it brought about was enough to overthrow Jizhou.Li Hong may not have considered this point enough, but the veterans are very clear about it.
After getting the news from Li Wei, the veterans immediately chose to go south to Jizhou without hesitation.Zhang Wen and Lu Zhi even invited Zhao Qi to Jizhou together.
On the night when the eldest princess and her party arrived in Handan, Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi and other ministers discussed with Li Hong about restructuring, and the discussion lasted all night.
The purpose of the veterans' visit to Jizhou was not to prevent Li Hong from cracking down on land mergers, nor to persuade the rich and wealthy in Jizhou to take the initiative to pay taxes by virtue of their connections. The opportunity to implement their long-awaited restructuring.The revision of the national policy requires a process of exploration and practice, and then it needs to be revised and improved many times according to the advantages and disadvantages of it, and Jizhou just provides them with such a rare opportunity.
In the minds of today's scholars, there is a common understanding that there are many reasons for the rapid decline and defeat of the great Han, but there is only one way, and that is to reform.To reform the system requires power, so the root cause of the two disasters of party imprisonment was the struggle for power between the scholars and the emperor.Now that the great man has come to the point of being overthrown, reforming the system is the only way to restore the country. Even if all the rebellions in the world are quelled by force, the national power must be strengthened through reforming, so no matter how great the contradictions among scholars are, They are absolutely in step with each other and highly unified in the matter of reforming a powerful country, and the scholars are full of passion and hope for this.As long as the restructuring does not seriously affect their own major interests, scholars from various factions are very willing to gather under the banner of restructuring and be loyal to the country.
This time, more than 100 officials at all levels accompanied the eldest princess to Jizhou. This shows the status of the reform in the minds of scholars.
Last year, the restructuring of Jinyang started from the basic official study of the national policy, but it failed.If it fails, there will be a lesson, and the veterans immediately changed their strategy and started restructuring from the national policy.Since it is difficult to shake the foundation of official education, we should adjust the direction and start the restructuring from the complicated system.
No matter how complicated the system of the Han Dynasty is, in the final analysis it is the bureaucratic system, the wealth system, the selection system, the official school system, the legal system, etc., but these are the most important ones. No matter which one is changed, it will affect To the fate of Sheji.
Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi and others put forward a package of restructuring strategies, the purpose of which is to "integrate Confucianism and Legalism, and rule the country by law."In this package of restructuring strategies, the four specific administrative measures of "grand rites and laws, light taxation and low corvettes, meritocracy, severe punishment and severe punishment" are highlighted, especially the principle of "severe punishment and severe punishment, and heavy codes should be used in troubled times". The law of immutability can be seen everywhere in all restructuring strategies.
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In order to respect the law in a dignified manner, major adjustments must be gradually made in the official school.Since it is an adjustment, the academic contradictions between Jinwen Confucianism and Ancient Chinese Confucianism will not be severely intensified in the short term. and implement restructuring strategies.
The purpose of light taxation and light corvee is to enrich the people and strengthen the country, but judging from the current situation, it is very unrealistic to rely solely on farming to strengthen the national power in a short period of time and defeat the rebellion all over the world. Therefore, according to the experience of governing northern Xinjiang, the veterans still decided to implement At the beginning of the dynasty, the policy of paying equal attention to agriculture, industry and commerce was to fully and completely liberalize various industries such as salt, iron and tea, and encourage business.There is a big difference between the merchants of today and the merchants of the past.In the past few decades of the Great Han Dynasty, rich and wealthy merchants who have sold officials and vassals (yu) have either entered the "scholar" loan or become the family of officials, and their status has long been different from what it used to be.Officials and businessmen have been mixed together in today's big Han, and the boundaries are blurred. This "businessman" can't be banned even if he wants to, but it will cause the court to lose a lot of tax profits. income.Only when the national treasury has money can it relieve the victims, send troops to suppress the rebellion, and only then can the tax be light and the corvees light.
The meritocracy is the gist of the talent selection system of the Han Dynasty. It has been like this for nearly 400 years, but why it was impossible to select outstanding talents later, which led to the extreme corruption of officials. , Guo Tai, Xu Shao and other celebrities commented on the weirdness of being an official?
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The selection system of this dynasty is called the township election in history. Talented people can enter the office through three ways.
One is irregular. For example, when the old emperor dies and the new emperor ascends the throne, the new emperor often issues an edict ordering the states and counties to recommend virtuous people to the imperial court.Another example is that in times of famine, the emperor will often issue edicts hoping that the localities will recommend sages to serve the court.This kind of selection is irregular, and there is no fixed recommending organization.Local counties and counties can be cited, as can the Sangong Jiuqing and the court officials.
The second is a special selection, which is also irregular.For example, if the imperial court wanted to send envoys to the Xiongnu, it needed talents who could speak the Hun language and be able to endure hardships. The emperor often issued edicts to solicit special talents such as Xiaoxi water control and astronomy.If you think you have the talent in this area, you can bootstrap it.Officials at all levels can also recommend.
There is also a regular selection, which is the election of Xiaolian.The so-called investigation of filial piety refers to the local sheriff's chief recommending to the imperial court after finding filial sons and honest officials in the local area. This system began with Emperor Xiaowu and has been in use until now.There are more than 100 counties in this dynasty, and more than 200 Xiaolian are recommended to the court every year.When these people arrived at the court, they could not become officials immediately like virtuous people. Most of them were placed in the palace Lang's office as Lang officials.Ten years later, there were more than 2000.In the past, there were only about 2000 guards and guards in the imperial palace. After 30 to [-] years since the establishment of the system, all the officials in the imperial palace have become filial and incorruptible.Most of these prefectures are filial and honest, and most of them were born as supplementary officials who graduated from Taixue.So after Emperor Xiaowu, all the officials in this dynasty gradually became scholars.
The system at that time was very good.A young man went to Taixue to study. After completing his studies, he went to a local county to be a small official.After getting the grades, they will be selected to the imperial court by the chief of the prefecture, and then they will officially become an official after passing the examination prescribed by the imperial court.This was the only right way to enter politics at that time.Almost all the officials of the imperial court came from this way.Since Emperor Xiaozhao and Emperor Xiaoxuan started this dynasty, the successive prime ministers were all scholars. Their backgrounds were all selected from the local area.
However, this system changed a lot after Emperor Guangwu.
There are too many talents in Lang's office, and there are countless talents to be distributed and appointed. Therefore, the irregular selection and special selection system of the dynasty was shelved, and the official career was only left to Xiaolian Chaju.But even so, there are still more and more people, so the imperial court ordered the district examination and examination, and then evolved to distribute according to the number of household registrations, and the system was fixed quota examination and examination.At that time, only 20 households in the county and country could be prosecuted for a Xiaolian, so Xiaolian became a sought-after item, which completely lost the original meaning of being a filial son and an honest official.Later, because of fraudulent entrustment, the imperial court was forced to add another test after the examination of Xiaolian. In this way, the original intention of examining Xiaolian was completely lost.
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In the selection of talents in this dynasty, the first thing to do is to study in the Taixue, so that you can get the status of a supplementary official.Only after being a supplementary official can he be qualified for investigation.The four stages of education to administrative practice, administrative practice to selection, selection to examination, and examination to appointment seem reasonable, but the disadvantages are enormous.
In this era, the poor cannot afford to read books, and ordinary scholars have very few opportunities to read.
First of all, books are not easy to get.Books at this time were all written in bamboo and silk, with very little paper.Even paper is extremely valuable. (At this time there was no printing technique, and it was not until the Tang and Song Dynasties that printing began.) Ancient books had to be copied, and a piece of bamboo slips could only contain about [-] characters.Copying a book costs a lot.Silk is a silk fabric, its preciousness can be imagined, and most people don't have it at all.
Even if you have bamboo slips and silk, you have no books.To copy a book, you have to travel thousands of miles to find a teacher.Having said that, if the teacher doesn't accept you, where will you copy the books?Therefore, in this era, studying and studying is an extremely luxurious thing, and ordinary poor people dare not even think about it.
Of course, if you come from a family of scholars, then the problem with this book will be solved.Although the titles of this dynasty cannot be hereditary, the inheritance of books is a matter of course and no one can interfere.With the books of generations, there is Confucianism for generations, and with Confucianism for generations, one can become an official for generations.For example, people like Xu Shao, if you don't become an official, the emperor will force you to be an official.Therefore, knowledge and books are actually power and wealth.This is the reason why a house full of gold is not as good as a legacy.At that time, a student family could easily become an official family, and an official family was a wealthy and powerful family.
If there is an official in the family who has achieved two thousand shi, he will have the right to inspect and act as the prefect of a county.Those who have been inspected by him are his disciples and old officials.After these people became prosperous, they always wanted to report some personal favors to the old master, and they would inevitably punish his descendants.The number of Xiaolian people in each county is limited, so this limited quota falls on a few limited families.These limited families became the so-called aristocratic families.Every county has these aristocratic families, and as they become more and more prosperous, more and more people are officials in this county.From this, it can be imagined that in this environment, official corruption has become inevitable.
A good system has turned into a bad system, especially this kind of system that is related to the rise and fall of the dynasty and the rise and fall of the country has deteriorated, and the Han Dynasty will inevitably decline.
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It is easy to say that only talent is promoted, and it has been said for hundreds of years, but it turns out that this "talent" exists, but this "practice" has problems.
It is very difficult to truly achieve meritocracy, and the contradiction between "talent" and "excellence" is very prominent.
Those who can study now are from good families, but they cannot study without money.
So far, I heard that cattle herders have not only studied, but also become officials. At present, there is only Yu Chengxian, one of the six sages of Yuzhou, commented by Xu Shao.But this Yu Chengxian was a pastoral supervisor in the village before being commented by Xu Shao, not a cattle herder and a cart driver.It's like He Jin is not a butcher. He is actually a scholar, but his status is low.However, because of his low status and financial difficulties, he did not have the opportunity to study in the Taixue, and immediately lost the possibility of being prosecuted.However, having said that, there are very few such people after all. The real scholars more or less have a certain amount of property, and this kind of people are more or less inextricably linked with the rich and powerful.
"Ju" and "ju" go, and they are people from aristocratic families, such as the Yuan and Xu clans in Runan, the Xun clan in Yingchuan, the Yang clan in Kansai, and the Horse clan in Guanzhong. Dozens of officials?
Confucianism is the golden rice bowl of the aristocratic family, and the inspection system is the brocade box to maintain this golden rice bowl. Breaking any of them is directly related to the interests of the aristocratic family. Therefore, how to achieve meritocracy has become the key to implementing and ensuring the success of the reform.If no one implements and maintains the policy of restructuring, it will be difficult for the country to rejuvenate.
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Veteran ministers such as Zhang Wen and Lu Zhi once convened celebrities and Confucian scholars in the Jinyang University Hall to discuss this issue in depth.
Xu Shao was once a well-known commentator in this dynasty, and the "Yuedan Commentary" hosted by him is well-known all over the world. The talents he commented and recommended have proved to be very good.He is now vigorously promoting the township appraisal in Taiyuan County, trying to combine the township appraisal with the inspection system to ensure that the recommended people are all real talents to the greatest extent.
The so-called township commentary refers to some local famous Confucian scholars who use public opinion and their own reputation to judge people, so as to influence the selection orientation of the government, and then manipulate public opinion to advance and retreat people.Scholars, on the other hand, used the moral standards required by Confucianism such as granting titles, promoting wealth, appointing appointments, and long-term funerals to win the affirmation of the township appraisal and thus obtain official careers.
This was very popular after the first party ban, and township reviews in many places gradually became the center of "clear discussions" among celebrities and the authority for recommending talents.For example, the "Yuedan Review" hosted by brothers Xu Shao and Xu Jing.After the second disaster of the party, the traitors who were in charge of the government at that time felt that more and more township reviews in various places were harmful to them, so under their auspices, they forcibly banned township reviews in various places.
After Xu Shao arrived in Jinyang, due to the lack of talents in northern Xinjiang, he and Zhao Qi, Cai Yong, Wang Jian and other famous scholars once again carried out township appraisal, hoping to find more talents.
Facts over the past few years have proved that this selection method combining township evaluation and inspection is very effective.This is how many humble scholars who fled to northern Xinjiang with refugees and lost everything due to the Yellow Turban catastrophe were discovered in this way, which alleviated the crisis of extreme shortage of talents in northern Xinjiang to a certain extent.
Drawing on Xu Shao's successful experience, Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi and others immediately decided to use the method of combining township appraisal and the procuratorate system to correct the shortcomings of the procuratorate system, but this method to a certain extent attacked and contained the aristocratic families The monopoly of power, so this system that can be successfully implemented in northern Xinjiang has encountered great resistance in Jizhou.
Cui Lie, Yang Qi, Chen Ji, Wang Ze, Guo Yun, Wei Gu, Zhang Fan, Huang Yue, Ma Feng and many other dignitaries who participated in the restructuring discussion expressed their opposition in unison.
Cui Lie is from the Cui clan in Jizhou, Yang Qi is from the Yang clan in Kansai, Chen Ji is from the Chen clan in Yingchuan, Wang Ze is from the Wang clan in Taiyuan, and Guo Yun is from the Guo clan in Taiyuan. People, the famous party member Guo Tai Guo Linzong is from his family.Wei Gu is a member of the Hedong Wei Clan.The Zhang Fan family is a family in Hanoi.Huang Yue's family belonged to Jiangxia, Jingzhou, his uncle was Huang Wan, and his great-grandfather was Huang Qiong, each more famous than the other.Ma Feng is a descendant of the Guanzhong clan and the nephew of Ma Rixun.
So many descendants of famous aristocratic families raised objections together, and the momentum was very powerful.They believe that the township reviews existed and were able to play a role in the past, mainly as a means used by the party members to resist rape and eunuchs, and later facts proved that they were indeed very effective.Now that the eunuchs are gone, the emperor and the court are held hostage by traitors, and everyone is working hard to revitalize the country, so why do you still engage in township reviews?After all, township reviews can control public opinion to a certain extent, which is not good for the stability of the community.
The views of the two sides are too different, and quarrels are inevitable.
The selection system is directly related to the rejuvenation of the country and the continuous and correct implementation of national policies, so Zhang Wen, Lu Zhi and others refused to make concessions.
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When the eldest princess left for Jizhou, Li Wei urgently wrote to Li Hong, which also mentioned the restructuring.
In his opinion, it is beyond reproach that reforming the system can rejuvenate the country. As for how to reform, no one knows, and we have to move forward by groping. Therefore, he begged Li Hong, as long as it is conducive to saving and revitalizing the country, it can help the people to eat well. We firmly support the restructuring of wearing warm clothes.If the system reform is successful, both the big man and the people will benefit. If it fails, if the system is reformed again, there will always be a way to rejuvenate the country and a way to feed and clothe the people.What the predecessors can do, we can also succeed.
Li Wei has a positive attitude towards the selection method that combines township evaluation and inspection.
In this dynasty, powerful families, Confucian scholars and celebrities often judge a person according to their grades.Then the scholars will become officials according to this grade. This has become the practice of this dynasty, and it can also be said to be a system of selecting scholars.This method of judging people based on grades originated from Master Ban Gu.Master Ban Gu vigorously advocated the view of the three grades of sex in his "Hanshu" in the "Gu Nian Biao". Yipin is divided into three classes. This method of evaluating characters has a great influence on later generations and has continued to this day with a history of more than 100 years.
Township appraisal is actually a family of aristocrats who divide scholars into different levels according to the power and wealth of the person being judged, and then according to their character and ability, and share the power of being an official in turn.For example, Xu Shao once commented on Cao Cao as "a capable minister in governing the world, and a traitor in troubled times". If Cao Cao was not from a prominent official family, but from a dilapidated family of petty officials, Xu Shao would never have said the same thing.
Similarly, the reason why "Yuedan Ping" is famous all over the world is not because Xu Shao and Xu Jing have good vision and greater knowledge than others, but because the Xu clan is behind "Yuedan Ping".To be affirmed by the Yuedan Review is equivalent to being affirmed by the Xu Clan. Of course, the official career of the person who has been evaluated will be smooth sailing.
This kind of township appraisal is still very beneficial to the selection of talents, especially the poor.Take me for example, I have neither family background nor money, I only have a high-ranking teacher, if I hadn’t met a great general, I would have been just a small government official throughout my life, but if I could be judged by Mr. Xu Shao After a while, it is estimated that the carp will be able to leap over the dragon's gate, and his worth will rise sharply.Another example is Xu Mazi, the son of the former Master Situ Xu Xiang, who has a lot of evil deeds. If he is judged to be worthless by the township, Xu Xiang will probably be embarrassed to bring this son out to embarrass him.The same goes for Yuan Shu.This person has the nickname of "Yuan Changshui, the fierce ghost on the road" in the capital. If he was badly criticized by Xu Shao in the early years, it is estimated that he will not have a bright future now.
The selection of township appraisal is very open and transparent, which is very different from the closed and opaque inspection system, but the disadvantages of township appraisal are also obvious.The aristocratic family is powerful and powerful, and they themselves participate in it, so they can control the influence of the township review within a certain range at any time, otherwise people like Yuan Shu and Xu Dazi would not be able to embark on official careers.
Li Wei believes that the current emperor and the imperial court are held hostage in Guanzhong, and the states and counties in various places support their own self-respect. The inspection system has been abandoned virtually, and we are extremely short of available talents, so we select through a combination of township evaluation and inspection. Talent has become the only way, otherwise, when the reform touches the interests of the rich and powerful, the new system will not be implemented, and ZTE's great cause will be severely hindered.
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In his letters, Li Wei repeatedly warned Li Hong that due to the current tense situation and the imminent task of countering the rebellion, the military and political officials in northern Xinjiang and Jizhou must vigorously purge them, and those who have serious differences of opinion with the Great Sima and the General's Office Therefore, we must take advantage of the two opportunities of the abolition of the Jinyang court and the reform of the national policy to eliminate them all, so as to prevent these people from causing trouble in Hebei in the future and shake the great cause of ZTE.
But different views do not mean that these people have no knowledge or talent. Generals can fully rely on their prominent family status, power, wealth and prestige, and direct their enthusiasm for rejuvenating the country to academic research and talent evaluation. The development of Confucian classics and various other academics, and the selection of talents are what ZTE needs most urgently, and it is also the most lacking at present. Therefore, the general can get both fish and bear's paw.
Li Wei's idea is very attractive, but it is extremely difficult to actually implement it.
Li Hong originally thought that after winning Jizhou and alleviating the crisis in northern Xinjiang, he would be getting closer to the great cause of ZTE, but now it seems that it is not getting closer, but far away.Compared with running a country and fighting a war, the difficulty of the two is very different. I often feel exhausted and unable to support myself.When will the situation be better and governing the country easier?
At present, the generals in northern Xinjiang are all powerful generals who have followed him for many years. Although there are many factions and frictions occur from time to time, they have not endangered the stability of the army. The frequent replacement of generals has played a certain role.
However, many big officials in northern Xinjiang do not have many factions and sharp conflicts, but have major differences in governance strategies.There is no way to resolve this disagreement. The only way is to let those who have different political views leave the Da Sima and the General’s Mansion. Li Hong felt a headache.
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The most powerful civil servants in northern Xinjiang are this group of veterans from the Chang'an court, and they are also the backbone of the restructuring and rejuvenation of the community.
Since the eldest princess is no longer in charge of state affairs, the Jinyang court was abolished, and a group of ministers who originally belonged to the eldest princess's mansion immediately transferred to the Hushi general's mansion.The reason is very simple. With the abolition of the imperial court, Beijiang is no longer obliged to provide salaries to these ministers, as long as the eldest princess's food is supplemented.The eldest princess couldn't afford to support so many ministers, and the ministers lost their salaries, and the problem became serious.Ministers also have to eat and support their families. Without money, it is absolutely impossible.So Li Hong asked them to have a place in the General Hussar's Mansion and get a salary. They all belonged to the Eldest Princess's Mansion. General's mansion to do things.
These people went to Jizhou one after another, especially ministers such as Ma Rixun and Cui Lie, who made great efforts to stabilize Jizhou.Li Hong dared not move these people no matter what, he was not even qualified to move.When Li Hong returned to Lulongsai and was still a scout, Cui Lie was Situ of the imperial court, Zhang Wen was Sikong, Yuan Pang was Zhijinwu, Gai Xun was Jing Zhaoyin, Ma Rike was Taixue Dajiu, Lu Zhi is a minister.One is in the sky and the other is underground.Now that he is a big official and in power, he dares to drive out the veterans publicly.Li Hong didn't even dare to think about this idea.
There is another biggest force in northern Xinjiang, namely Li Wei, Yu Peng, Xie Ming, Song Wen, Tang Yun, Yin Si, Tian Chou, and Tian Yu, who were the first to follow him.Now these people are in the most important positions in Northern Xinjiang, they are the core strength of Northern Xinjiang, and they are the people Li Hong relies on most.This force also includes Zhao Qi, Xu Shao, Wang Jian, Zhu Mu and other scholars who first came to northern Xinjiang to help him, as well as Tang Fang and a group of officials from the original Bingzhou government, as well as Zuo Yan and Huang Ting. , Tian Wan, and Kong Xuan, these Yellow Turban scholars, have made great contributions to the farming of northern Xinjiang and the stability and development of northern Xinjiang.Li Hong trusted them very much. When Li Hong went to the desert, it was their hard work in the rear that helped the army recover the border counties and conquer the Hu people.
Several other forces in northern Xinjiang are also very eye-catching.Some people came to northern Xinjiang one after another. For example, Qianzhao and Shi Lu belonged to the former chariot general He Miao, Liu Gong and Li Li belonged to the former Jizhou Mu Han Fu, and Liu Fan and Liu Fang belonged to Grand Tutor Liu Yu came here on recommendation, Ding Li was recommended by Zhu Jun, Zhang Fan and Xing Yong came with the eldest princess.These people are now in high positions in northern Xinjiang.
But those who directly affect the safety of Northern Xinjiang are the rich and powerful and their protégés, including Guo Yun, Wang Rou, Wang Ze, Linghu Shao, Wei Gu, Fan Xian, Xu Ling, Qu Zhong, Sun capital.All of them are people with deep roots, and some of them even hold the lifeline of the wealth of Northern Xinjiang in their hands, and none of them can move casually.
Among these major forces, because of their different identities, different regions of origin, different academic views, different political opinions, etc., they are divided into many intertwined small forces.
The more Li Hong thought about it, the more his head hurt, and he couldn't help cursing bitterly, "This bastard Zhong Yuan, why didn't he come to Jizhou?"
Standing next to him, Zheng Yan gave Li Hong a strange look, and whispered, "General, do you want to call Master Li urgently?"
"No, no..." Li Hong waved his hands again and again, "I just thought of him and cursed casually."
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In mid-July, Yanzhou, Sanyang County, and Changyi City.
Under the leadership of Sima Ju, the Yellow Turban Army of Qingzhou, after conquering Dongping, did not return to Qingzhou as expected, but suddenly went south to join forces with Sun Guanbu who attacked Xuzhou, and stormed Donghai County in Xuzhou.
Tao Qian, governor of Xuzhou, couldn't resist, and asked for help from Cao Cao, the governor of Yanzhou, Zhang Miao, the prefect of Chenliu County, Yuan Yi, the prefect of Shanyang County, and Zheng Sui, the minister of Ren Chengguo. Before Cao Cao could make a decision on whether to rescue, Xu He, the leader of the Yellow Turban Army, asked He led his army to Ren Chengguo.
The Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army once again showed its sharp attack power. Its sharpness was unstoppable. It even Kefan County and Rencheng roared up along the Sishui River.
Cao Cao, Zhang Miao, Yuan Yi, Bao Xin, and Wu Zi hastily assembled troops and went to Rencheng to support them.The Yanzhou army suffered heavy losses after the defeat in Jibei. Its [-] troops were mainly composed of Cao Cao's Dongjun troops and Zhang Miao's Chenliu army, and there were almost no troops in the rest of the counties.
However, when they hurried to Kangfu City, what they saw was not Xu He's Yellow Turban Army, they also saw Sima Ju and Sun Guan's two Yellow Turban Army.
Cao Cao was so angry that he cursed, Tao Qian, an old man, dared to help the Yellow Turban Army to deceive us.
10,000+ Yellow Turban Army swarmed up and surrounded the Yanzhou Army at Nanyang Lake (now north of Weishan Lake, Shandong Province) on the outskirts of Kangfu.
Cao Cao led the army to fight a bloody road, broke through the encirclement, and lost half of the [-] army.
The Yanzhou Army retreated to Changyi City in Sanyang County.Cao Cao asked Yuan Shao in Luoyang for help.
At this time, Li Hong's letter arrived.After Cao Cao read it, he threw the letter aside, pointed to the courier who came to deliver the letter and said, "Go back and tell your general that Yanzhou is mine now, and tell that Jin Shang to go back to Chang'an. If he dares to set foot in Yanzhou, I will kill him." cut him."
Xun Yu picked up the letter and looked at it, with a worried expression on his face, "My lord, the general is going to take advantage of the fire to loot and enter Yanzhou."
Cao Cao sighed helplessly, "No matter how urgent you are, Brother Shuben, send troops to help immediately, otherwise, Yanzhou will belong to the leopard."
Xun Yu hesitated for a long time, and said slowly: "At this time, what is important is not only the reinforcements, but also the confidence of the officials in Yanzhou's counties in your lord. Your lord urgently needs a victory."
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(End of this chapter)
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