Big data in China

Chapter 13 China's first batch of 1 billion companies that value big data ([-])
The driving force: the need for information sharing

Any new thing, if there is no demand, it will not exist for a long time; if there is no large demand, it will not develop, and it will be difficult to grow.Around us, people's demand for big data is real and growing, which promotes the development of related industries and creates conditions for large companies to take the express train of big data.

Big data is a profound change sweeping every corner of the world. It not only affects people's life and work, but also affects the way people think about problems, and finally has a decisive impact on the organizational model of society, government and enterprises.Five years ago, some people thought with disdain that the main function of big data was to help manufacturers understand consumers' consumption behavior more accurately, but five years later they changed this naive view, because the function of big data is far from More than that, it will greatly affect people's decision-making and behavior patterns.

Demand determines the market, and the size of the market depends on the demand.Palingheim, an American big data engineer, said that many customers still don't understand what value big data can bring them. Although their inner needs are very strong, they often don't know what it means.However, no matter whether people understand the connotation of big data or not, the vast majority of people will not stand idly by in the face of big data.People will always consciously do things that can meet their own needs, so now more and more companies have at least one department or one person doing things related to big data to enhance the value of the company and expand the market and serve its own users.

When cloud computing was just emerging, many people were keen to discuss this question: "Excuse me, is cloud computing a transformative innovative technology?" In a few years you will see it disappear, no one cares." But a few years later, everyone is using cloud computing.

So, is there a similar problem with big data?
What cloud computing changes is the IT consumption pattern, while big data fundamentally changes the way we work, live and think about problems at a deeper level.Because for the huge needs of people, big data not only represents a large amount of data, but also means three new trends:

[-]. Massive data makes people change the angle of view of things and data. If the angle changes, of course the conclusion will be different;

Second, the existence of cloud computing enables people to store larger-scale data and have stronger data processing capabilities;

[-]. With the continuous accumulation of knowledge and technology, more and more people are able to analyze big data.This is in line with a powerful new law of development.Moreover, people's demand for real-time data processing is becoming more and more urgent. Each of us pays more attention to the real-time analysis of data than the accuracy of the data itself. Great changes to come.

●National needs: big data sharing platform

●Society's needs: The sharing of informatization for all people does not only refer to the sharing of massive information, but also emphasizes the sharing of information screening and processing technologies.In terms of developing informatization, our country should actively seize the development opportunity of big data, and raise big data to the national strategic level in time to create an advanced "data China" belonging to the Chinese.

The essence of informatization driven by big data is the sharing of information and knowledge.No one can reject this general trend, and it will definitely come true in the future, just as the wheels of the industrial revolution crushed all stubborn forces standing in the way.As the protagonist of the new round of information warfare, data is related to many aspects such as the government, enterprises and society, and it is also related to ourselves.

Cloud Computing and Big Data

When it comes to cloud computing (Cloud Computing), you may ask: "What kind of concept is it?"

Like other conceptual computing, it is a computing method of the Internet, based on which the sharing of software and hardware resources and information is realized, and the network resources it provides are usually virtualized and have the characteristics of dynamic and easy expansion.This network application model is mainly the increase, use and delivery of Internet-based related services, which was first proposed by Google.

In fact, "cloud" is a metaphor for the Internet, and people visualize the way data is calculated.In the past, the cloud was used to refer to the telecommunications network; later, "the cloud" was also used to refer to the abstraction of the Internet and the underlying infrastructure.In the narrow sense, cloud computing refers to the delivery and use mode of IT infrastructure, which refers to obtaining the required resources through the network in an on-demand and easy-to-expand manner; in the broad sense, cloud computing refers to the delivery and use mode of services, through the network Get the services you need in an on-demand, easily scalable manner.

This can be either IT and software, Internet-related services, or applications in other fields.Moreover, this means that computing can also be circulated as a commodity through the Internet.

In the United States, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) defines cloud computing as: cloud computing is a pay-per-use model that provides available, convenient, and on-demand Configured shared pool of computing resources (resources include network, server, storage, application software, service), which can be provisioned quickly with little management effort or little interaction with service providers.

Once the concept of "cloud computing" was proposed, it was widely used in the production environment.Domestic "Aliyun" and XenSystem of Yungu Company, as well as Intel and IBM, which are already very mature abroad, the scope of "cloud computing" application services is expanding day by day.It can be said that in the era of big data, the impact of cloud computing in the future is immeasurable.

Generally, "cloud computing" is often confused with the concepts of grid computing, utility computing, and autonomous computing.Below, we make a basic explanation and distinction for the concepts of these calculation methods.

Grid computing: a type of distributed computing, a super virtual computer composed of a group of loosely coupled computers, often used to perform some large-scale tasks.

Utility computing: A packaging and billing method for IT resources, such as calculating and storing costs separately, just like traditional public facilities such as electricity.

Autonomic Computing: A computer system that manages itself.

In fact, many cloud computing technology deployments rely on computer clusters and also absorb the characteristics of autonomous computing and utility computing.However, it should be pointed out that the composition, architecture, purpose, and working methods of cloud computing and grid are quite different.

☆Characteristics and application prospects of cloud computing
Safe and reliable storage of data
In the past, the traditional data storage method was stored in the hard disk. Many users suffered from being attacked by viruses and Trojan horses, or lost data due to some negligent operations.Compared with traditional data storage methods, cloud computing provides us with the most secure and reliable data storage center, because after users upload data to the "cloud", they no longer have to worry about data loss and virus intrusion.If a computer fails or is completely destroyed, the data can still be restored on another computer through the "cloud".

But this storage method is not accepted by everyone. Many people think that data storage should be the same as depositing money with a bank card. Only when they are stored in a place that they can see can they feel at ease, so they think that their computer is the safest.But what is the truth?As you can see, your computer will be destroyed due to damage or attack, and some criminals will use various means to steal your computer data.

The sensational "Pornographic" incident in Hong Kong a few years ago is the most typical case. The victim's personal data was leaked because the computer was sent for repair.From this point of view, the method of storing on the computer hard disk may not be safe.But if the documents are saved on a network service like GoogleDocs, such as your private photos, videos, etc., you no longer have to worry about the loss or damage of data that will bring you unexpected troubles.At the other end of the "cloud", a professional team will manage your information and save the data for you.Moreover, you don't have to worry about data leakage, because cloud storage has strict permission management, you can safely share data with the people you designate.

Cloud computing has low requirements for clients
Cloud computing requires the least equipment on the client side, and it is convenient and simple to operate, which is not available in other storage methods.For example, we often need to update various application software, and sometimes we have to spend a lot of time upgrading computer hardware in order to use the latest software version or operating system.The most troublesome thing is that a friend sent a document in a certain format, and we had to download and install a certain application software according to the requirements of this document.For this reason, a large number of application software that may only be used once are installed on the computer, which greatly reduces the operating speed of the computer.Moreover, in order to prevent viruses that may invade at any time during downloading, anti-virus software and a firewall must be loaded.

These cumbersome procedures add up, like encountering continuous trouble.Sometimes it takes dozens of times more time just to read a document with hundreds of words.And you happen to be a computer novice, this experience is definitely a nightmare for you!
At this time, the advantages of cloud computing are reflected, and it will bring you a new and simple experience.First, you only need to have a computer, which can access the Internet; second, you have a browser on your computer that you like.Next, you only need to type the URL in the browser, and then you can enjoy the unlimited fun that cloud computing brings to you.

You can also directly edit the documents stored on the other end of the "cloud" in the browser, and you can share information with your friends at any time, and you no longer have to worry about whether the software in the computer is the latest version, and you no longer have to worry about annoying viruses. worry.At the other end of the "cloud", there are professional IT personnel to help you maintain hardware, install and upgrade software, prevent viruses and various network attacks, and do everything you used to do on your personal computer.It's like you hired a loyal and capable housekeeper, you only need to enjoy the comfort and safety at home quietly, and he will take care of all the trivial matters for you.

Easily share data
Cloud computing can easily realize data and application sharing between different devices.This greatly reduces the trouble of data transfer.For example, we store hundreds of contact information in our mobile phone, but after buying a new mobile phone, we have to transfer the numbers on the old mobile phone to the new mobile phone, which needs to be synchronized at this time.The same is true for computers at home and in the office, which need to be synchronized frequently to ensure that information is not missed.

Since there are many methods for data synchronization of different devices, and the operation is relatively complicated, it will take a lot of time to realize the desire of "the latest contact list" among these many different devices.And cloud computing can make everything easier.

In the network application mode of cloud computing, there is only one copy of data, which is stored at the other end of the "cloud". All your electronic devices only need to connect to the Internet to access and use the same data at the same time.In other words, this data is always up to date.

infinitely many possible

Cloud computing provides us with unlimited possibilities for using the network, which is almost anything you can imagine.For example, if you plan to go on a car trip with your family when the weather is fine, and you want to check the traffic at your location, you only need to use your mobile phone to connect to the Internet, and you can quickly and clearly see the satellite map of your current location. You can also quickly and conveniently grasp the traffic conditions from the above, you can also quickly check your preset driving route on the way, and you can also communicate with friends on the Internet in real time, and find the best nearby restaurants, hotels and beautiful restaurants recommended by others. You can also move your fingers and book a hotel at your destination... All of this is so wonderful. Of course, don’t forget to share when we are enjoying the experience. You can also edit the photos or videos you just took , Share it with your relatives and friends who are following you from afar.

If there is no cloud computing, these infinite possibilities cannot be experienced just by using the client application on the personal computer or mobile phone.Not only that, but in terms of storage capacity, personal computers or other electronic devices are clumsy and "stingy", because the storage space of the hard disk is always limited, and it cannot provide us with unlimited computing power, but the "cloud" can Make this easy.At the other end of the "cloud", there is a huge cluster of thousands or more servers supporting it. We can hardly imagine how much data storage and computing the other end of the "cloud" can carry, because it is almost unlimited.

Cloud computing well embodies the spirit of the Internet - freedom, equality and sharing.In the era of big data, cloud computing has shown infinite vitality. In the future, it will also change and affect our work and life more, and greatly improve our quality of life.

Whether you are an ordinary network user, or an employee of an enterprise, or you are an IT manager, a novice who has just come into contact with computers, as long as you use cloud computing, you can experience this obvious change for yourself.

☆China's cloud computing industry chain
Any industry has an industrial chain, which is divided into upstream, midstream and downstream links, and the same is true for the cloud computing industry.China's cloud computing industry ecological chain is currently being rapidly constructed under the supervision of the government, and its scale is doubling every year.

The composition of the cloud computing industry chain mainly includes four parts: The first part: cloud computing service providers.The second part: software, hardware, and network infrastructure service providers.The third part: cloud computing consulting, planning, delivery, operation and maintenance, integration service provider.Part IV: Terminal Equipment Manufacturers.These four parts together constitute the industrial ecological chain of cloud computing, providing practical and meticulous services for governments, enterprises and individual users.

☆The reason why the cloud computing industry chain has attracted much attention is mainly based on five aspects
The investment value of cloud computing expansion

Compared with the traditional model, cloud computing simplifies the link of software, business process and access to services. The improvements in this area can effectively help enterprises optimize their investment scale and make operations more convenient.

The Emergence of Hybrid Cloud Computing
Cloud services are a newly developed business function. Enterprises use cloud computing (both private and public) to supplement their internal infrastructure and applications. These services can simplify some business processes and optimize the business performance of enterprises.

Cloud-Centric Design
At present, more and more enterprises adopt cloud technology, and they use organizational design as an element of cloud computing migration.This is a big trend, and with the expansion of cloud computing, this trend will gradually spread to different industries.

Mobile cloud service

The future of cloud services must be mobile, and mobile devices such as tablets, iPhones, and smart phones, which have seen the most significant increase in number, play more roles in mobile.More and more such devices are being used to develop enterprise business processes, communication and other functions.

cloud security

Any data has security issues, and of course people are also very worried about the security of data stored in the cloud.Users expect to see more secure applications and technologies, and it is for this reason that there will be many new encryption technologies and security protocols in the future.

The emergence of big data provides new opportunities for the development of the IT industry, just like cloud computing.However, at the same time, it is accompanied by more challenges, and has ushered in a fiercely competitive environment, which urgently needs further regulatory measures from the government.

☆1+1﹥2
From the first industrial revolution led by the steam engine in the 18th century, to the industrial revolution led by electrical technology at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, to the information technology revolution led by electronics and information technology from the 50s to the 80s, human beings It has undergone three major economic changes.

Today, big data is leading a new era of information revolution.Experts have long predicted that in the next few years, with the development of the Internet and the Internet of Things and the continuous growth of data information, 2100 billion RFIDs or clusters may appear.We can imagine that in our daily environment, if the future mobile Internet and the Internet of Things become a reality, our life will be a different scene.At that time, we will be surrounded by sensors, data acquisition devices and a larger amount of data.

The problem is, if these data volumes are not analyzed and processed, they are just data, meaningless and worthless.To realize the value of data, it is necessary to turn them into information, intelligence and business value.And this is the real meaning of big data.

Three years ago, the word big data was hardly mentioned in China, but now, the market is full of big data, and people are talking about big data.The development of big data is clearly visible.Up to now, in addition to the changes in the data itself, the emergence of cloud computing has also made the data more dispersed.This trend is a major challenge to traditional databases, because traditional databases have been difficult to meet the market's demand for massive data, and with the diversification of data and the accelerated demand for data, traditional databases are even more difficult. At this time, various Various solutions have emerged.

(End of this chapter)