How does the Chinese Communist Party govern the country?

Chapter 1

For Chinese who are new to Beijing, Tiananmen Square, the largest city central square in the world, is a must-see.On the south side of Tiananmen Square stands the Monument to the People's Heroes.It is a tradition shared by all countries in China and abroad, from ancient to modern times, to set up monuments to spread fragrance, to draw stones to commemorate, to remember history, and to show the future.The Monument to the People's Heroes on Tiananmen Square has such a symbolic function.Ten huge white marble reliefs are inlaid on four sides of the two-story Xumizuo of the monument.These ten reliefs generally show the earth-shattering revolutionary history of China for more than 100 years. They not only engrave the difficulty of the birth of the People's Republic of China, but also contain the origin of the leadership of the Communist Party of China.

As we all know, the Communist Party of China gained national power through long-term revolutionary means.

Regarding the history of the CCP’s seizure of power, Kanru Lee, a well-known American expert on China issues, pointed out that the path of the CCP’s seizure of power is full of uncertainty, experimentation, disappointment, and perseverance.The CCP is firmly rooted in the poorest areas of this third world country. In this complex and extensive struggle to seize national power, the CCP has adopted six basic strategies: the labor movement (1921-1923), the formation of unity with the Kuomintang Fronts (1924-1927), turning to the countryside (1929-1934), strategic retreats: the Long March (1934-1935), the Yan'an period (1935-1947), the Civil War (1947-1949).Among them, "the Yan'an period had a profound impact on the Chinese Communist Party and its destiny."It should be said that Li Kanru's overview is concise and appropriate.

When the Communist Party of China was founded, the Party’s program clearly stated that the Party’s mission is to lead the Chinese people to “overthrow the oppression of international imperialism and achieve the complete independence of the Chinese nation” and “eliminate civil strife, overthrow warlords, and build domestic peace.”During the Yan'an period, when faced with Japanese imperialist aggression and national peril, the Communist Party of China did not hesitate to implement its own program, leading the people to resist Japanese aggression and fight for the liberation of the Chinese nation.

After the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in July 1937, the Communist Party of China immediately sent a telegram to appeal to the whole country, "Pingjin is in danger! North China is in danger! The Chinese nation is in danger! Only the whole nation's resistance war is our way out."The Chinese Communist Party's propositions and actions of putting national interests first and uniting against Japan formed a sharp contrast with Chiang Kai-shek's early compromise with the outside world and oppression at home.Huntington, a famous American political theorist, pointed out that the Communist Party "raised the two banners of nationalism and revolution to mobilize the peasants to their own side."

How to strive for victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan?The CCP believes that it must take the initiative to assume the political leadership of all revolutionary classes in the country.Mao Zedong discussed the four necessary conditions for realizing the leadership of the Communist Party: "First, put forward the basic political slogan according to the historical development process, and put forward the mobilization in each stage of development and in each major event in order to realize this slogan. Slogan." "Secondly, when acting nationwide according to such specific goals, the proletariat, especially its vanguard, the Communist Party, should raise its boundless enthusiasm and loyalty and become a model for realizing these specific goals. In fighting for the anti-Japanese national united front and all the tasks of the democratic republic, communists should be the most farsighted, the most self-sacrificing, the most resolute and the most humbly aware of the situation, relying on the majority of the masses and gaining the support of the masses Support." "Third, on the principle of not losing the definite political goal, establish an appropriate relationship with the ally, develop and consolidate this alliance." "Fourth, the development of the Communist Party team, the unity of thought, the discipline of Strictness." Mao Zedong pointed out: "The Communist Party's political leadership over the people of the whole country is realized by implementing the above-mentioned conditions.

These conditions are the basis for guaranteeing one's own political leadership. "Compared with the Kuomintang, the work of the Communist Party during this period was indeed "sophisticated, flexible and effective."

After development, Mao Zedong further summarized the above four aspects into the three magic weapons of the Chinese revolution: united front, armed struggle, and party building.The united front and armed struggle are the two basic weapons for defeating the enemy.The united front is the united front that conducts armed struggle, and the party organization is the heroic fighter who masters the two weapons of the united front and armed struggle to charge the enemy.Therefore, party building has become a strategic task that the leaders of the Communist Party of China attach great importance to.

During the Anti-Japanese War (1937-1945), Tang Enbo, a senior general of the Kuomintang who was reused by Chiang Kai-shek, was very surprised by the powerful combat effectiveness of the Eighth Route Army led by the Communist Party. Even if they are scattered, they can be gathered together. What about our troops?” Song Renqiong replied: “The reason is very simple, because every company in our army has a Communist Party branch.” In 1940, Liu Shaoqi wrote an article on the [-]th anniversary of the founding of the party that : "Building a good party" and making it "continuously advance" is "the decisive factor in building a new democratic republic"; "There is no good and large Communist Party in China, and there is no correct leadership of the Communist Party Central Committee and all party members It is impossible to defeat Japanese imperialism and build a new democratic republic with correct efforts."

Only by doing something can one have status.The Chinese Communist Party gradually won the trust of the Chinese people with its own actions and strength during the War of Resistance. In 1945, Mao Zedong pointed out in the report of the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China: "The Chinese Communist Party has never been so powerful now", "The prestige of the Chinese Communist Party among the people in the areas ruled by Japan and the Kuomintang is also the highest now", "Up to now, our party It has become the focus of the Chinese people's resistance to Japan and saving the country, the focus of the liberation of the Chinese people, and the focus of defeating the aggressors and building a new China. The focus of China is not in any other aspect, but in ours."

Entering the period of the War of Liberation (1946-1949), the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China changed the policy of reducing rent and interest during the Anti-Japanese War to the policy of "land to the tiller", mobilized the masses to carry out land reform, and destroyed the landlords and tyrants who represented the interests of the Kuomintang and their control. The rural regime, and use practical actions such as joining the army to maintain the hard-won precious land. In October 1947, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the slogan "Down with Chiang Kai-shek and liberate the whole of China" to the whole country.Inspired by this slogan and under the devastating attack of the People's Liberation Army, the Kuomintang rule finally collapsed.

In essence, the Communist Party of China led the people to overthrow the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang and establish a new China, gaining the legitimacy and authority of ruling through revolution.The ruling status of the Communist Party of China is indeed the choice of history and the choice of the people.As Soong Ching Ling said at the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in September 1949, the Chinese Communist Party "is the only political party that has the power of the masses of the people."

Of course, the result of historical choices does not mean that people will always agree with this result.With the development of history, when the political dividends brought by the revolution gradually disappeared, the need to establish a new basis of legitimacy became more and more urgent.The Chinese Communist Party also recognizes this.The reason why people support and participate in the revolution led by the Communist Party is because the Communist Party has promised to build a new society where the people are the masters of the country and all people can live a happy and beautiful life.After the revolution is successful, the recognition of the ruling party will inevitably turn to the expectation of the new society.Therefore, since the Communist Party of China came to power, especially since the reform and opening up, it has attached great importance to and promoted the comprehensive development of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction. Developed the goal of building a well-off society, and on this basis, further proposed and formulated the goals to be achieved by the centenary of the founding of the party and the centenary of the founding of the People's Republic of China... The Communist Party of China keeps pace with the times, and the leadership and ruling status of the party are constantly changing. be consolidated.

(End of this chapter)