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Chapter 3 Introduction ([-])

The oriental sage Bihavahuti said to readers: This book is like a string of dazzling pearl necklaces, which makes your life shine with the light of wisdom; The flower of wisdom blooms brightly; like a pure gem, it makes you look noble and generous; like a shining diamond, it can greatly increase the understanding of every reader.Finally, after reading the following chapters, the reader will come to a magical world, where the body and mind are happy, and you can travel to your heart's content, and the feeling of being there will make you feel wonderful.

Bihawahuti also came to tell us how the hero Vikram Aditya became king of Ujjain.

Legend has it that 19 centuries ago, a lovely little prince was born in this famous city - Ujjain, and his name was Vikram Atitaya.In the age of Sanskrit speaking, people called him "Vikram" for simplicity.In the later years, Westerners were even more simple, directly referred to as "Vik" - Wick.

Vikram is the second son of the old king Gandhaba Sina.There is very little information left about the story of the old king, except that he turned into a donkey, married four queens and had six sons, we don't know anything else.And according to legend, his sons are all very knowledgeable.At this time, their father, the old king, died.Subsequently, the eldest son Shank succeeded to the throne and began to rule Ujjain.But it wasn't long before Shank was murdered by Wickram's men.In the following chapters we will tell about his story.

Through this lesson, all the little princes deeply realized that they should be united.Wickram's grades were the most outstanding, and he was awarded the title of "Bell", which means brave, sat on the throne of the king, and began his own rule.In the beginning, he ruled wisely and won the favor of the gods.Many years passed in this way, and his rule became more and more stable.In the end, he ruled the whole of India, established his own powerful government institutions, and ushered in a new era-the era of monarchy.Compared with the hereditary system, the monarchy system has taken a big step forward.

Historians believe that the reforms he implemented brought the development of society to another peak.

Vikram taught his two grandsons, Bahadari Hari and Vikram Vikdaya, so that they understand the importance of learning and master the necessary skills and skills.Under the guidance of Wickram, the two grandsons studied grammar, scriptures and religious sciences from an early age.They are proficient in military strategy, international law, high in music, good at riding horses and elephants, and especially skilled in driving chariots.In addition to these, they are also proficient in using waist knives, bows and arrows, and can play Indian baseball.All in all, the old king made them proficient in various skills of war, including various skills and strategies of grappling, military encirclement and suppression, army formation and destruction of the enemy's core forces.

He asked to be able to work hard to defeat every elite royal army, to know oneself and the enemy for every enemy force, to know how to fight, to strictly execute tasks, how to be neither humble nor overbearing, how to form allies, how to Distinguish between good and evil, how to use evil people correctly, how to promote the prestige of soldiers, and how to tolerate others.After experiencing all kinds of admonitions and exercises, the two children were sent to school, and the best teachers were invited to teach them, and finally they became the royal children who deserved their names.In fact, when they were children, the old king had asked his eldest grandson to learn various knowledge related to handling state affairs, but he would not really let him participate in government affairs until all the training was completed, and the training instructor also He highly praised him, thinking that his homework was satisfactory, and only then could he start his career in government affairs.

But in fact, the two brothers were often at odds with the king in handling affairs.Vikram Aditya once gave Bahadari Hari a lot of very valuable advice (obviously, the status of the royal family must not be an idle job, and the heroes in the royal family must not be ordinary people. The people in the palace Scholars and Brahmin servants come to formulate state regulations and teach the kings how to govern the country. The king instructs officials, not subordinate officials to directly issue orders. The appointment and removal of local princes and chief executives of the judicial department are all determined by the king): Rainy In April of the same year, because the god Indra made the earth abundant with water, the king will come to replenish silver to his treasury at this time; and the sun god Sawyer shines on the earth for eight months, so that the weather on the earth is smooth, and the king will come at this time. He came to collect a certain amount of tax from his subjects; because of the god of wind, the weather is sunny all year round, so that the people can live in peace, but even in the year when the weather is good, the king has to let his officials go. Observe the sentiments of the people.Because of the existence of Yama's judge, it can severely punish the sinners. Even if his beloved minister makes mistakes, the king must not have the slightest favoritism.Because Varu, the water god, gave his priest Pasha to rule over his enemies, the king was able to lock up every prisoner safely in his prison.Because the moon god Chandra brings joy to everyone with its bright moonlight, as a king, he should make full use of his talents and give generously to make his people happy.As a king, you should be equal to your subjects.

After becoming king, Vikram Aditya began to think about such a question: what does the king of a country represent? "The king is air and fire, he is not only the sun, but also the moon; he is the court." He is the just judge; he is the genius who creates wealth; he is the ruler of water and the lord of heaven; he is the great God of creation." He remembered some pleasant sayings in the scriptures, and he was more convinced , all life and property are under the rule of his will, he is the incarnation of God, he can intimidate, threaten and punish those who discredit him.He will come on time to read all the regulations related to government agencies written by Nitti. He will divide the day into sixteen equal parts, each part is an hour and a half. .Every morning he eats on an empty stomach.Before the king dined, in order to ensure safety, the chef had to personally taste each dish.Before the king got up, the guards had already stood aside and waited quietly.When he got dressed and left his bedroom, several Brahmins would come and recite God's hymns to him.After the shower, the king came to pay his respects to his guards, listened to the hymn reverently, drank a sip of water, and then watched his entourage come to send relief to the people.

Then he went to the palace and was with all the civil and military officials.When strangers come to visit the king, no matter who they are, even women, they must also be searched to prevent them from hiding weapons.Because there are many enemies who are waiting for an opportunity to assassinate the king.In the early dynasty, princes, nobles, Brahman soldiers and dignitaries sat on the right side of the king; ministers of lower ranks sat on the left side, and the prime minister stood next to the king and came to answer questions for the king at any time.Some troubadours gathered not far from the king, and sang hymns to the king; there were, of course, the king's guards, chariot-drivers, grooms, and brave warriors; Confucian scholars, some are philosophers who study philosophy and know theological works well, or professionals who are proficient in law, criminology, art, mining or medical technology; there are also people from all walks of life, such as equestrian Teachers, dance teachers, moral teachers, examiners, wine tasters, theater clowns and quack doctors, etc., there are many people attending this morning, all waiting for the king's order.Here he will announce the results of his referees in various matters.

Before the second Sandhaya (Sandhaya (transliteration) - three prayer times in the morning, noon and evening. In India, there are usually three Sandhaya), around noon, The king will recite the names of all the gods in the palace, take a shower, break his fast, and then enjoy the song and dance performance while eating.From this moment on, he can relax.After finishing his meal, he closed his eyes and meditated while recalling the name of the holy guardian god.Then go to the temple to worship the gods, talk to the wise men, and continue to distribute gifts.The fifth job is to discuss state affairs with his prime minister and confidential ministers.

Following the announcement of the herald, it was time for the sixth time slot, which was two or three o'clock in the afternoon.During this time, Wickram was able to make his own arrangements as he wished and to deal with his own private affairs.

After the rest, he was full of energy again. At this time, he began to review his troops, as well as assess the soldiers, salute and hold a military meeting.At the third bathing time in the evening, the fifth sacramental prayer begins, listening to monks explaining the Vedas, offering sacrifices to the gods, offering fire to the gods, feeding animals with rice, and receiving guests with prescribed rituals .In the evening, he discussed different topics with the learned and conscientious ministers selected, and at the same time reviewed the affairs of the day.

At night, the king will spend time with the people in the palace, and at this time, the etiquette of the monarch and his ministers is not restricted.First of all, Wickram will listen to the reports of the special envoys.The special envoys changed their faces and disguised themselves to spy on the enemy, and then arrested the enemy.Wickram often uses these five ways to defeat the enemy: encroaching on the enemy's territory, moving with money, countermeasures, talks and force-his favorite methods are the first two and the latter.He has always been far-sighted and cautious, and he will never give up his vigilance for his neighbors and allies.However, for those distant enemies who are not a threat for the time being, he will establish a good relationship with them.For they are also the enemies of his enemies.Those countries whose territory is far away from him, he will treat them as neutral countries, until those countries become his neighbors or neighbors of his neighboring countries, then he will re-examine to see whether they are enemies or friends.

By the time they had dinner, the important matters had already been dealt with. At the end of the third stage, it was time for the king to rest, and the rest time would not exceed three hours.In the sixth period, he gets up and takes a bath.In the seventh period, concentrate on discussing state affairs with ministers and conduct some necessary education for government officials.The eighth period, the last period, is spent with wise men, Brahmins, and residents, cheering and celebrating the ceremony together; then bathing, offering sacrifices as usual, and going to a clean, inaccessible water area not far away to do the ritual. prayer.

While occupying other countries by force, Wickram has always kept in mind the teachings of the old king: use all means to achieve every goal, persevere; strive to achieve all goals, and treat the guests who come and go with hospitality. And welcome it with a grand ceremony; even if you die heroically on the battlefield in the end, you must not forget the expectations given to you by the country.The king doesn't like hunting very much, but on certain days, he likes to stroll around the garden leisurely and relax.In dealing with affairs, he is accustomed to have his own way; he will punish foreign enemies severely; Pampered.In war, he would never kill a prisoner of war, an irrelevant person, a soldier who was not ready for battle, or any soldier who was afraid of death.No matter which country he occupied, he would pay homage to the local gods and present property to the wise men.But what benefited him most was his love for nine venerable scientists, who had lived their limited lives to the fullest and served the king's honor even after their deaths. with the due contribution.

After ascending the throne, Wickram chose a place with a beautiful environment, quietness and abundant resources in the best bay, and built his own palace.The terrain here is precipitous, easy to defend but difficult to attack, and the invaders cannot get help. There are only four roads leading to the nearby cities.The capital is surrounded by walls and has a strong defensive gate. The outside of the gate is surrounded by trees, and a mountain guards this majestic castle like a giant.A general came to guard the safety of the entire castle.

The entire city is heavily garrisoned and adequately supplied. There are fortifications around the palace, and permission must be obtained for entry and exit.The resplendent imperial palace stands solemnly in the city, looking so solemn, sacred, luxurious and rich.Looking into the distance from the attics and pavilions, you can have a panoramic view of rolling peaks, endless grasslands, quiet and deep valleys, large tracts of fields, crystal clear lakes and sparkling streams.The grass is green on the rugged banks of the Ravina River, and the pearly morning dew is crumbling on the grass leaves, shining in the light of the morning light. The grasslands are full of bo trees, tamarinds, and sacred trees, and the fragrance of flowers permeates the air. across the prairie.Vikram planted one hundred thousand fruit trees in one place, which he enshrined to the religious teachers.The stream in the valley meanders out of the forest, and the farmer's village is also faintly visible.Behind the village, there is another green belt, overgrown with trees and low shrubs.The entire surrounding of the palace is like a fairyland, and the scenery is so beautiful!

(End of this chapter)